Reliability testing
1st method | |||
---|---|---|---|
k/k – 1 | 1.011235955 | Sum_Variance | 53.52173913 |
Variance_Total | 885.1748792 | Cronbach's alpha = (k/k − 1) (1 − sum variance/ variance total) | 0.950091984 |
2nd method (ANOVA TABLE) | |||
Cronbach’s alpha = 1 − (mean square error/mean square rows) | 0.952168534 | ||
Demographic profile (age-wise distribution)
Age | Male (A) | Female (B) | A + B | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range | (%) | (%) | (%) | Probability value | ||||
21–35 | 276 | 59.50 | 297 | 66.30 | 573 | 62.80 | Pearson : 122.01 | 0 |
36–50 | 107 | 23.10 | 79 | 17.60 | 186 | 20.40 | ||
51–65 | 70 | 15.10 | 60 | 13.40 | 130 | 14.30 | ||
65+ | 11 | 2.40 | 12 | 2.70 | 23 | 2.50 | ||
Total | 464 | 100 | 448 | 100 | 912 | 100 |
Demographic profile (income-wise distribution)
Male (A) | Female (B) | A + B | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Income per month | (%) | (%) | (%) | Probability value | ||||
<₹20,000 | 112 | 24 | 150 | 33 | 262 | 28.7 | Pearson : 81.2 | 0 |
₹20,001–40,000 | 154 | 33 | 114 | 25 | 268 | 29.4 | ||
₹40,001–60,000 | 76 | 16 | 120 | 26 | 196 | 21.5 | ||
>₹60,000 | 122 | 26 | 64 | 14 | 186 | 20.4 | ||
Total | 464 | 100 | 448 | 100 | 912 | 100 |
Mean | Quality | Health consciousness | Price | |||||||||
6 | 4.7 | 4.74 | 4.98 | 5.87 | 4.72 | 5.06 | 4.66 | 4.82 | 5.01 | 4.81 | 4.63 | |
Standard error | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
Median | 6 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
Mode | 6 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 3 |
Standard deviation | 0.8 | 2.51 | 2.59 | 2.62 | 2.74 | 2.5 | 2.76 | 2.64 | 2.57 | 2.69 | 2.44 | 2.58 |
Sample variance | 0.65 | 6.31 | 6.72 | 6.89 | 7.52 | 6.24 | 7.64 | 6.96 | 6.62 | 7.24 | 5.94 | 6.64 |
Kurtosis | –1.5 | −1 | –1.1 | –1.2 | −1.3 | –1 | –1.4 | −1.2 | –1.1 | –1.4 | –1 | −1.1 |
Skewness | 0.01 | 0.36 | 0.3 | 0.11 | −0.4 | 0.38 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.41 | 0.34 |
Range | 2 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Minimum | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Maximum | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Sum | 5468 | 4287 | 4322 | 4538 | 5356 | 4303 | 4613 | 4247 | 4398 | 4571 | 4383 | 4226 |
Count | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 |
Confidence level (95.0%) | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
Descriptive statistics
Mean | Availability | Consumer preference | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4.7 | 4.77 | 2.9 | 2.86 | 2.67 | 2.94 | 2.83 | 2.9 | |
Standard error | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
Median | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Mode | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
SD | 2.8 | 2.72 | 2.09 | 1.98 | 2.1 | 1.89 | 2.11 | 2.11 |
Sample variance | 7.86 | 7.38 | 4.38 | 3.91 | 4.4 | 3.58 | 4.44 | 4.43 |
Kurtosis | –1.4 | –1.3 | 1.11 | 1.18 | 1.63 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 0.7 |
Skewness | 0.25 | 0.28 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.43 | 1.02 | 1.22 | 1.06 |
Range | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Minimum | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Maximum | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Sum | 4,284 | 4,352 | 2,645 | 2,612 | 2,435 | 2,678 | 2,585 | 2,648 |
Count | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 | 912 |
Confidence level (95.0%) | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
Regression model
Model summary | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | R (multiple regression coeff.) | (coeff. of determination) | Adjusted | SE of estimate | change | -change | df1 | df2 | Sig. | Durbin–Watson |
1 | 0.736 | 0.542 | 0.395 | 0.98643 | 0.542 | 268.088 | 4 | 907 | 0.000 | 2.063 |
ANOVA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | Sum of squares | df | Mean square | Sig. | |
Regression | 1,043.448 | 4 | 260.862 | 268.088 | 0.000 |
Residual | 882.552 | 907 | 0.973 | ||
Total | 1,926.000 | 911 |
Coefficients | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S. no. | Dependent variable | Independent variable | Sig. | Colinearity statistics | |||
1 | Consumer preference | (Constant) | 3.696 | 0.000 | Tolerance | VIF | |
Quality | 0.730 | 31.491 | 0.000 | 0.937 | 1.067 | ||
Health consciousness | 0.137 | 6.044 | 0.000 | 0.986 | 1.014 | ||
Price | 0.096 | 3.982 | 0.000 | 0.867 | 1.154 | ||
Availability | 0.020 | 0.873 | 0.043 | 0.925 | 1.081 |
Summary | Count | Sum | Average | Variance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Managerial | 4 | 187 | 46.75 | 278.9167 | ||
Professional | 4 | 245 | 61.25 | 1,972.25 | ||
Clerical | 4 | 84 | 21 | 164.6667 | ||
Student | 4 | 123 | 30.75 | 90.91667 | ||
Retired | 4 | 28 | 7 | 8.666667 | ||
Unemployed | 4 | 36 | 9 | 68.66667 | ||
Home maker | 4 | 96 | 24 | 304.6667 | ||
Business | 4 | 113 | 28.25 | 632.25 | ||
Source of variation | SS | df | MS | -value | crit | |
Rows | 9,319 | 7 | 1,331.286 | 3.078541 | 0.021427 | 2.487578 |
Columns | 1,481.75 | 3 | 493.9167 | 1.142161 | 0.355057 | 3.072467 |
Error | 9,081.25 | 21 | 432.4405 | |||
Total | 19,882 | 31 |
ANOVA between research variables (quality, health consciousness, price and availability) and consumer preference (dependent variable)
ANOVA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sum of squares | df | Mean square | Sig. | ||
Between groups | 1,816.116 | 24 | 75.671 | 15.923 | 0.000 |
Within groups | 4,215.253 | 887 | 4.752 | ||
Total | 6,031.368 | 911 | |||
Between groups | 109.494 | 24 | 4.562 | 3.758 | 0.000 |
Within groups | 1,076.817 | 887 | 1.214 | ||
Total | 1,186.311 | 911 | |||
Between groups | 1,839.901 | 24 | 76.663 | 17.032 | 0.000 |
Within groups | 3,992.573 | 887 | 4.501 | ||
Total | 5,832.474 | 911 | |||
Between groups | 1,902.289 | 24 | 79.262 | 15.953 | 0.000 |
Within groups | 4,407.027 | 887 | 4.968 | ||
Total | 6,309.316 | 911 |
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About the authors.
Pankaj Kumar Bahety is Research Scholar at Faculty of Management Studies, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh.
Souren Sarkar is currently working as Professor and Head Faculty of Management Studies, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, since 2003. He has more than 21 years of experience. He has successfully guided two PhD scholars. He has published 35+ research papers in various national and international journals.
Tanmoy De is currently working as Assistant Professor at SIBM-Hyderabad Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Hyderabad. He has more than 22 years of experience and has published more than 30 research papers in various national and international journals.
Vimal Kumar is Assistant Professor at the Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan (ROC). He completed his Postdoctoral Research at Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan (ROC) in the Department of Business Administration in the domain of Technological Innovation and Patent Analysis. He has served as an Assistant Professor under TEQIP III, an initiative of MHRD, Government of India at AEC Guwahati in the Department of Industrial and Production Engineering. Prior to joining AEC, he served as Assistant Professor at MANIT, Bhopal in the Department of Management Studies and also served as Visiting Faculty at IMT Nagpur. He obtained his PhD in the domain of TQM and Manufacturing Strategy in the year 2017 and Masters in Supply Chain Management from the Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, IIT Kanpur in the year 2012. He graduated (BTech) in Manufacturing Technology from Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Academy of Technical Education Noida, in the year 2010. He has published 50 articles in reputable international journals and presented 24 papers at international conferences. His research paper entitled “Time table scheduling for educational sector on an e-governance platform: a solution from an analytics company” has been selected for best paper award at the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM) held in Bandung, Indonesia, March 6–8, 2018. He was also invited to serve as session chair of session on “energy-related awareness” held on September 19 2018, at iCAST 2018, IEEE International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology and “Lean Six Sigma” at the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM-2018) at Bandung, Indonesia and “quality control and management” at the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM-2016) at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He has been appointed as an editorial board member in the IEEE–TEMS Journal from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024. He is a contributing author in international journals including Journal of Informetrics, Technology in Society, CLSCN, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, IJOA, JEEE, BSE, TFSC, JKM, CSREM, IJPPM, IJQRM, IJPMB, IJPQM, IJBIS, AJOR, The TQM Journal and Benchmarking: An International Journal , and also a guest reviewer of reputable journals like IEEE–TEMS, JOI, IJPPM, IJQRM, TQM & Business Excellence, The TQM Journal, Benchmarking: An International Journal, Journal of Asia Business Studies and JSIT .
Ankesh Mittal is Assistant Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department of Asra College of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India. He received his BTech and MTech degrees from Chitkara University, Punjab, India, and Thapar University, Patiala, India in 2013 and 2015 respectively, and a PhD degree from Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal, Punjab, in 2021. His areas of research are total quality management and production engineering. He has published various national and international journals of repute and conference proceedings.
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Sanjay Gupta
Acknowledgement: We would like to thank BM Vyas, MD, GCMMF, Kailash Vyas, MD, AMUL and many employees of the two organizations for hours of discussion, for making documents on performance and practices available to us for research, and for arranging field visits to various village societies, chilling units, and union plants. We are also grateful to MS Sriram and Partha Mukhopadhyay for their extensive comments on the paper.
dinesh jain
The main objective of the working paper series of the IIMA is to help faculty members, research staff and doctoral students to speedily share their research findings with professional colleagues and test their research findings at the pre-publication stage. IIMA is committed to maintain academic freedom. The opinion(s), view(s) and conclusion(s) expressed in the working paper are those of the authors and not that of IIMA.
Pankaj Chandra
Firms that desire to do business in large emerging markets need to develop a new paradigm for looking at opportunities in these markets. The success of many such firms has depended on how well have they formed or managed to become a part of an existing network of suppliers and consumers. These economies are complex and have unique characteristics that range from underdeveloped markets to small and fragmented supplier base. Clearly, traditional business models are not adequate for this environment. Successful firms participate in the development of both these elements of the supply chain. The prize, needless to mention, is significant sales in a large market. In this paper we describe a successful business model using the example of AMUL. AMUL is a dairy cooperative in the western India that has been primarily responsible, through its innovative practices, for India to become the worlds largest milk producer. The distinctive features of this paradigm involves managing a large decentr...
mohit jamwal
Consumer behaviour refers to the behaviour that consumers display searching for purchasing, using evaluating and disposing of products and services that they expect will satisfy their needs. The study on consumer behaviour is the study of how individuals make decision to spend their available resources (time, money, effort) on consumption related items. It includes the study of what they buy, why they buy it, when they buy it, where they buy it, how often they buy it, and how often they use it. Cooperative dairies needs to understand this concept in deep mode as the private players a posing a stiff competition to them. The present study attempts to explore the consumer behaviour of the customers towards the Aanchal milk daily which is member milk union of Uttarakhand cooperative dairy federation. Customer satisfaction was measured across different attributes of the Aanchal milk and the customer's preference was checked across different parameters.
Sazzad Parwez
Indian agriculture is at a crossroads, where fundamental correction is required to correct its current path; this has led to introduction of co-operatives. This paper tries to understand the co-operative model for contract farming in the broadest sense of input supply, information transfer, and improved marketing channels at all levels. It uses the Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union Ltd. (Amul) as illustrative of an ideal model of dairy co-operative for furthering the concept of co-operative based contract farming. This paper tries to address the subject both conceptually and empirically. The study finds that co-operative led contract farming can be an important instrument in the development and application of best practices and realisation of reasonable prices for farmers.
Greeshma Greeshmam
About the role of Dr. Vargheese Kurien in the Dairy Co-operative Field.
Froukje Kruijssen
Pritam Patangrao
Journal of Advances in Business Management (JADBM)
Purushottam Bung
An effort has been made to study the competitive marketing environment of a sample city (district headquarters) of India to know the underlying forces which will guide the competition in the days to come. Dominant brands that enjoy significant market share in Belgaum milk market are; Nandini, Adityaa, Shrikrishna, Arokya, Warna, and Gokul in their respective order. The major market share is captured by the market leader, i.e., Nandini which has the production capacity of 1,00,000 liters/day at its Belgaum Dairy plant. The consumption of packaged milk in Belgaum city stands at around 17,000 litres/day. On an average the distributors of packaged milk were given the margin ranging from Rs. 0.70 to Rs.1.30/ltr. Arokya, Warna and Gokul enjoy a tiny share of the Belgaum milk market. Each major player is striving very hard and have deployed unique marketing strategies to garner a significant market share in the city of Belgaum, a sample district place of India which is all set to become a smart city and best represents India at large. Key words Competitive marketing environment, Milk and Milk products, Belgaum
Dr. Bindu Agrawal
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Abstract. This paper describes the case study of the. dairy cooperative, AMUL, in western India, which has developed a successful business. model in the large emerging economy. It. was primarily ...
Amul's establishment of eco-friendly operations to meet growing demand and achieve more success is contingent on the company's motivated and devoted employees in producing safe foods and goods.
level of satisfaction of customers towards AMUL products and factors influencing buyin. behavior. The study is based on 100 samples and Simple Percentage Analysis is used for analysis. The study concluded that majority of the customers are s. the most influencing buying factor KEYWORDS: AMUL Milk, Consumers Satisfa.
Consumer behaviour towards cooperative milk societies: A study on measuring customer satisfaction of 'Aanchal' milk (A member milk union of UCDF ltd.), IBWL 2020: Needs & Strategies -A Management ...
Keywords: Amul Milk, Consumer behavior, Brand. Introduction: ... Review of Literature: The Research work done in the past regarding awareness, purchase behavior, brand preference, factors ... This research is pertaining to find out the present consumer satisfaction of Amul product. Amul product has a good reputation among the consumers n Madhuri.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR OF MILK PRODUCTS. [7]. Ramya, N., & Ali, S. M. (2018). A study on consumer buying behaviour towards Amul products with special reference to Coimbatore city. IJAR, 4(7), 353-357. [8]. Makwana, D. (2017). A study on corporate social responsibility perceived by stake holders of amul dairy,
Amul product has different type such as Milk, Chocolate, Milk Powder, Curd, Ice cream etc., Amul has strong network of over 3 million milk producer. Britannia industry and Nestle Limited is competitive product for Amul. Amul is a world's largest manufacturer of pouched milk. India largest food brand trusted Amul
From fresh milk to butter, cheese, ice cream, yogurt, and milk powders, Amul offers quality products at affordable prices. The brand's commitment to freshness and purity resonates with consumers, making it a household name across India and beyond. ... REVIEW OF LITERATURE The literature on consumer behaviour and marketing strategy encompasses a ...
Consumer behaviour refers to the behaviour that consumers display searching for purchasing, using evaluating and disposing of products and services that they expect will satisfy their needs. ... Literature Review An important aspect of Amul and its interaction with its milk producing members is observed in the book A Matter of People: Co ...
Subsequently, consumer behavior identifies with the internal man i.e., incognito behavior. II. LITERATURE REVIEW Milk represents one of irreplaceable and most fundamental food ingredients for all mammals. Since the ... the present consumer satisfaction of Amul product. Amul product has a good reputation among the consumers in Madurai. So it can ...
consumer satisfaction of Amul product. Amul product has a good reputation among the consumers in Madurai. So it can be extended to supply rural area also. Mohit Jamwal, Dr. Akhilesh Chandra Pandey [2],"Consumer behaviour towards cooperative milk societies: A Study on measuring the customer satisfaction of` Aanchal' milk (A
1) The document reviews several studies and literature on consumer behavior and preferences toward Amul milk products in India. 2) Key findings from the studies include that Amul enjoys high brand reputation and consumer satisfaction in regions like Madurai due to its quality and affordable prices. 3) However, the studies also note there is still room for Amul to improve its marketing ...
drivers of consumer behaviour with regard to the consumption of Amul Milk. The survey will aid Amul Milk and the Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers Union Limited in enhancing Amul Milk's sales and marketing efforts in the Rohtak district. Objectives of the Study 1. To research how consumers choose to purchase Amul products. 2.
Consumer Behavior and Comparative Analysis of AMUL products ... Amul Butter, Amul Milk Powder, Amul Ghee, Amulspray, Amul Cheese, ... Literature Review
0 - The consumer acceptance was found more for Amul milk H 1 - There was no considerable consumer acceptance for Amul milk 3. Methodology The said study was conducted the Pune city region. The target market places were selected after discussion with the higher officials of GCMMF Amul Pune. The area selected for the study was- Mira society ...
2. Literature review and theoretical framework. India is recognized as the principal milk producer, which includes 18.50% and more of the world's total milk production. Parasuraman et al. revealed that the quality and nutrient content of dairy products are the most important factors influencing customer behavior.
This literature review discusses previous research on customer satisfaction with Amul brand products and cooperative dairy marketing in India. Several studies are summarized that examined consumer preferences, behavior, and perceptions towards Amul milk and dairy products in various Indian states. Previous research also looked at buying behavior of branded vs non-branded milk and marketing ...
Between 2006-07 and 2008-09 milk production in India went up from 100.9 million tonnes to 110 million tonnes, and the per capita daily milk consumption from 246 gm to 261 gm. At Amul, too, the milk output has grown rapidly - from 6.2 million litres a day in 2005-06 to 8.5 million litres a day in 2008-09.
The document provides a history and overview of Amul, India's largest dairy cooperative. It was established in 1946 in Anand, Gujarat when farmers collectively decided to form a cooperative in response to exploitation by private milk traders. Starting with 250 liters per day, Amul now collects over 11 lakh liters daily. It has expanded operations and won numerous awards for its role in ...
The present study attempts to explore the consumer behaviour of the customers towards the Aanchal milk daily which is member milk union of Uttarakhand cooperative dairy federation. Customer satisfaction was measured across different attributes of the Aanchal milk and the customer's preference was checked across different parameters.
consumer behavior is culture etc. The study of consumer behavior confirms that it is not only related to purchasing questions, but also to purchase goals and purchasing patterns, thus facilitating eight (Schiffman et al., 2007). Customer happiness is another element of sales and consumer behaviour, according to Tu and Chih (2013).
A study on consumer's buying behavior towards dairy. products in India. Apoorva Srivastava, Sneha Das and Udayan Giri. Abstract. Nowadays the rapidly changing and cut-throat market is the prime ...
Amul Research - Free download as Word Doc (.doc), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. The document is a project report on consumer satisfaction with Amul milk and milk products in Udaipur city, India. It was submitted by Vijay Paliwal to Pacific Institute of Management to fulfill requirements for an MBA degree. The report includes an overview of the dairy industry in ...