critical thinking lesson high school

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Developing critical thinking abilities is a necessary skill for all high school students but teaching these skills is not the easiest task for high school teachers. Fortunately, there is a wealth of information online to provide teachers the resources needed for creating critical thinking lesson plans.

These online resources provide lessons plans, videos, and small but helpful tips that can be used everyday in the classroom to reinforce lessons and ideas. Below are some of the top resources for teaching critical thinking to high school students.

A site devoted to all things related to critical thinking

The Critical Thinking Community, from the Center for Critical Thinking, provides one of the best sites for critical thinking resources and has a special section aimed at helping high school teachers prepare appropriate lesson plans: Critical Thinking Community for High School Teachers .

“Critical thinking is essential if we are to get to the root of our problems and develop reasonable solutions,” reads the site’s About Us page. “After all, the quality of everything we do is determined by the quality of our thinking.”

Therefore it’s no surprise that the site provides many free online resources for high school teachers, as well as other materials that can be ordered online for a small fee.

One example of an online resource for critical thinking for high school students is the article “How to Study and Learn (Part One)”. This introductory article lays the ground work for the importance of thinking critically, illustrated by the following passage:

“To study well and learn any subject is to learn how to think with discipline within that subject. It is to learn to think within its logic, to:

• raise vital questions and problems within it, formulating them clearly and precisely
• gather and assess information, using ideas to interpret that information insightfully
• come to well-reasoned conclusions and solutions, testing them against relevant criteria and standards
• adopt the point of view of the discipline, recognizing and assessing, as needs be, its assumptions, implications, and practical consequences
• communicate effectively with others using the language of the discipline and that of educated public discourse
• relate what one is learning in the subject to other subjects and to what is significant in human life”

State critical thinking resources

Additionally, many states offer free online critical thinking resources, such as the handbook compiled by faculty members of Prince George’s Community College and put on Maryland’s official website: Handbook of Critical Thinking Resources .

In addition to providing a wealth of outside information resources, the handbook details how thinking critically can help students while they are in high school and in the future:

“Improving students’ critical thinking skills will help students:

• improve their thinking about their course work
• use sound thinking on tests, assignments, and projects in their courses
• have the strategic, analytical, problem solving, and decision-making skills they need when they transfer to another college
• have the strategic, analytical, problem solving, and decision-making skills they need when they transition to the workplace”

Keeping up to date on current trends

Other sites, such as Edutopia.org, are constantly updated with new information to provide teachers with the most current information possible. The site, which is part of the George Lucas Educational Foundation, is divided by grade level and has a special section focused on producing critical thinking high school students: Grades 9-12 High School .

The site describes three fundamental skills it believes necessary for students to become lifelong learners in the 21 st Century:

• how to find information
• how to assess the quality of information
• how to creatively and effectively use information to accomplish a goal

The site combines original articles and instructional videos with other valuable critical thinking resources from around the globe. The site is set up like a blog and puts the most recent articles at the forefront, and also includes a community forum for both students and teachers to use.

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Categorized as: Tips for Teachers and Classroom Resources

Tagged as: Engaging Activities ,  High School (Grades: 9-12)

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Helping Students Hone Their Critical Thinking Skills

Used consistently, these strategies can help middle and high school teachers guide students to improve much-needed skills.

Critical thinking skills are important in every discipline, at and beyond school. From managing money to choosing which candidates to vote for in elections to making difficult career choices, students need to be prepared to take in, synthesize, and act on new information in a world that is constantly changing.

While critical thinking might seem like an abstract idea that is tough to directly instruct, there are many engaging ways to help students strengthen these skills through active learning.

Make Time for Metacognitive Reflection

Create space for students to both reflect on their ideas and discuss the power of doing so. Show students how they can push back on their own thinking to analyze and question their assumptions. Students might ask themselves, “Why is this the best answer? What information supports my answer? What might someone with a counterargument say?”

Through this reflection, students and teachers (who can model reflecting on their own thinking) gain deeper understandings of their ideas and do a better job articulating their beliefs. In a world that is go-go-go, it is important to help students understand that it is OK to take a breath and think about their ideas before putting them out into the world. And taking time for reflection helps us more thoughtfully consider others’ ideas, too.

Teach Reasoning Skills 

Reasoning skills are another key component of critical thinking, involving the abilities to think logically, evaluate evidence, identify assumptions, and analyze arguments. Students who learn how to use reasoning skills will be better equipped to make informed decisions, form and defend opinions, and solve problems. 

One way to teach reasoning is to use problem-solving activities that require students to apply their skills to practical contexts. For example, give students a real problem to solve, and ask them to use reasoning skills to develop a solution. They can then present their solution and defend their reasoning to the class and engage in discussion about whether and how their thinking changed when listening to peers’ perspectives. 

A great example I have seen involved students identifying an underutilized part of their school and creating a presentation about one way to redesign it. This project allowed students to feel a sense of connection to the problem and come up with creative solutions that could help others at school. For more examples, you might visit PBS’s Design Squad , a resource that brings to life real-world problem-solving.

Ask Open-Ended Questions 

Moving beyond the repetition of facts, critical thinking requires students to take positions and explain their beliefs through research, evidence, and explanations of credibility. 

When we pose open-ended questions, we create space for classroom discourse inclusive of diverse, perhaps opposing, ideas—grounds for rich exchanges that support deep thinking and analysis. 

For example, “How would you approach the problem?” and “Where might you look to find resources to address this issue?” are two open-ended questions that position students to think less about the “right” answer and more about the variety of solutions that might already exist. 

Journaling, whether digitally or physically in a notebook, is another great way to have students answer these open-ended prompts—giving them time to think and organize their thoughts before contributing to a conversation, which can ensure that more voices are heard. 

Once students process in their journal, small group or whole class conversations help bring their ideas to life. Discovering similarities between answers helps reveal to students that they are not alone, which can encourage future participation in constructive civil discourse.

Teach Information Literacy 

Education has moved far past the idea of “Be careful of what is on Wikipedia, because it might not be true.” With AI innovations making their way into classrooms, teachers know that informed readers must question everything. 

Understanding what is and is not a reliable source and knowing how to vet information are important skills for students to build and utilize when making informed decisions. You might start by introducing the idea of bias: Articles, ads, memes, videos, and every other form of media can push an agenda that students may not see on the surface. Discuss credibility, subjectivity, and objectivity, and look at examples and nonexamples of trusted information to prepare students to be well-informed members of a democracy.

One of my favorite lessons is about the Pacific Northwest tree octopus . This project asks students to explore what appears to be a very real website that provides information on this supposedly endangered animal. It is a wonderful, albeit over-the-top, example of how something might look official even when untrue, revealing that we need critical thinking to break down “facts” and determine the validity of the information we consume. 

A fun extension is to have students come up with their own website or newsletter about something going on in school that is untrue. Perhaps a change in dress code that requires everyone to wear their clothes inside out or a change to the lunch menu that will require students to eat brussels sprouts every day. 

Giving students the ability to create their own falsified information can help them better identify it in other contexts. Understanding that information can be “too good to be true” can help them identify future falsehoods. 

Provide Diverse Perspectives 

Consider how to keep the classroom from becoming an echo chamber. If students come from the same community, they may have similar perspectives. And those who have differing perspectives may not feel comfortable sharing them in the face of an opposing majority. 

To support varying viewpoints, bring diverse voices into the classroom as much as possible, especially when discussing current events. Use primary sources: videos from YouTube, essays and articles written by people who experienced current events firsthand, documentaries that dive deeply into topics that require some nuance, and any other resources that provide a varied look at topics. 

I like to use the Smithsonian “OurStory” page , which shares a wide variety of stories from people in the United States. The page on Japanese American internment camps is very powerful because of its first-person perspectives. 

Practice Makes Perfect 

To make the above strategies and thinking routines a consistent part of your classroom, spread them out—and build upon them—over the course of the school year. You might challenge students with information and/or examples that require them to use their critical thinking skills; work these skills explicitly into lessons, projects, rubrics, and self-assessments; or have students practice identifying misinformation or unsupported arguments.

Critical thinking is not learned in isolation. It needs to be explored in English language arts, social studies, science, physical education, math. Every discipline requires students to take a careful look at something and find the best solution. Often, these skills are taken for granted, viewed as a by-product of a good education, but true critical thinking doesn’t just happen. It requires consistency and commitment.

In a moment when information and misinformation abound, and students must parse reams of information, it is imperative that we support and model critical thinking in the classroom to support the development of well-informed citizens.

40 Critical Thinking Questions for High School Students

How is electricity being produced from rainwater or do aliens exist if there are so many discoveries about them? High school students are certain to come across queries that question reality, everyday rules, general human existence, or anything out of nowhere! 

Young minds are filled with an amazing potential to explore beyond their capabilities and hidden qualities. While high school students might question the existing realities of life, some students might not be aware of their imagination and thinking capacities. That is why it is important to nurture these growing minds with opportunities to question, understand, analyze, find evidence, and arrive at solutions. 

In this case, critical thinking questions act as a helpful way to offer an opportunity to broaden their minds to unlimited knowledge and endless possibilities. When students are given a chance to think beyond the ordinary, they experience a sense of freedom in thinking and expressing their views.

Through critical thinking questions, they receive a wonderful chance to analyze, decode the information, and present their views without being right or wrong. Hence, the below-mentioned questions are drafted in a way to initiate abstract and informative conversations thereby boosting critical thinking.

Brain teasing critical thinking questions for high schoolers

Critical thinking skills are essential for measuring the imagination and creativity of students. High school students are likely to use the new age information and influence of others when processing their thoughts. Hence, the below-mentioned questions are a great way to channel their thoughts in a more positively empowered learning environment.

• Do you think it is okay to give up your life if you had to save someone?
• If you could go to your past, what would you change?
• What is the joy of giving for you?
• What is better – giving or receiving? Why?
• If you can change some rules of the school, which ones would you change and why?
• What if you know your future? What does it look like from your perspective?
• What if you are dragged into a situation where you disagree with others?
• What would you do if you are given a task against your willingness to complete it?
• Would you like to do – go to your past or get to know your future? Why?
• What would you choose, 1 million dollars or a lifetime free education? Why?
• What is more important to you, knowledge or money?
• How can you leverage the benefits of social media and how?
• Do you think animals should be free or kept in a zoo?
• What does life look like on the Earth 100 years from now?
• Imagine a world without mobile phones. What would you do?
• If you could choose any profession in the world, what would you choose? Why?
• Would you rather devote your life to helping others through social activities or invest in building a business?
• What is the most important matter of concern that the world needs to address?
• Do you think the voting of high school students matters in Government concerns? Why?
• Which aspect plays a major role in the success of individuals?
• If you could change any one habit of your parents, what would it be?
• If you could travel to any place in the world, where would you go? Why?
• Imagine the world is facing a major power cut issue. What would you do and how would you face the situation?
• What is more important, offering a home to the needy or offering food to the needy on an everyday basis?
• How does the number 0 change life?
• Should teenagers be allowed to make major life decisions?
• Are friendships real in today’s world? 
• Does an influential person always influence others with actions and words?
• If animals could talk to you, who would you choose to talk to?
• What is the difference between happiness and achievements?
• Do you think success is the same as happiness? 
• Imagine you have only 24 hours left on Earth. How would you spend it?
• What if you are given the option to reside on another planet? What would you do and how?
• Would you forgive your best friend if he/she commits a crime and is found guilty?
• If your mother and best friend are sinking in two different boats and you have the opportunity to save anyone, who would you choose? Why?
• Imagine you are stranded on an island and have access to 5 things. Which 5 things would you choose?
• Which 3 elements make a stronger nation? Why?
• What are the disadvantages of growing up? How would you tackle them?
• Would you be blind or deaf? Why?
• What if you could donate 50% of your wealth and have free food for life? What would you do? 

Critical thinking in students: Why is it crucial?

High schoolers are on their way to exploring various subjects and acquiring knowledge from around the world. In such a phase, students must have the ability to think through things and make the right decision. Critical thinking empowers the brain to analyze and understand situations with complete evidence before concluding. Here’s how critical thinking shapes the life of high schoolers.

1. Develops Problem-Solving Skills

Students are sure to come across everyday problems and issues in their academic journey or personal life. While some students may develop stress, others might ignore it. However, the essence of critical thinking helps students solve these issues with intelligence. Whether it is figuring out about the project or solving an issue between friends, thinking and analyzing the possible solutions makes it easy to tackle situations. 

2. Enhances Creativity

The advertisements you see every day often talk about the problem and how a product solves it. That’s exactly why you need to develop critical thinking skills. When you can identify the core issue and arrive at solutions only then can you think out of the box. Critical thinking helps students be creative with their solutions and find a way out amidst challenges. 

3. Boosts Decision-Making Skills

With every project, assignment, or topic of your thesis , you need to take many decisions in the learning process. Here, critical thinking skills play a crucial role in helping you analyze, decode and disseminate information before making any decision. 

4. Builds Open-mindedness 

As growing individuals, it is important to be open-minded towards various problems and their suggestions. People who think critically are more likely to understand situations from different points of view. Hence, developing critical thinking skills helps you accept different perspectives and respect the opinions of others. The skill helps a long way when you need to work in a group on your projects. It is because you become capable of thinking from various perspectives. 

5. Goal Setting

Success comes with proper planning and execution of tasks. However, you cannot study history if you are weak at math. Similarly, you cannot aim for a 60% growth in your academics if you have been growing at a pace of 30% in each examination. Critical thinking enables you to think practically and map your way out to reach your goals. When you think critically and practically, you can analyze your strengths and weaknesses thereby setting goals accurately.

Critical thinking indeed plays an essential role in shaping the mindset of students and exposing them to different skills simply by developing this one. As you take advantage of the critical thinking questions, know that it is important to keep questioning students to initiate conversations.

Whether it is reflective questions or would you rather-questions , these questions enable them to think beyond their imagination and dive into a world of possibilities. Apart from this, you may also involve students in interactive discussions that boost critical thinking skills.

Sananda Bhattacharya, Chief Editor of TheHighSchooler, is dedicated to enhancing operations and growth. With degrees in Literature and Asian Studies from Presidency University, Kolkata, she leverages her educational and innovative background to shape TheHighSchooler into a pivotal resource hub. Providing valuable insights, practical activities, and guidance on school life, graduation, scholarships, and more, Sananda’s leadership enriches the journey of high school students.

Explore a plethora of invaluable resources and insights tailored for high schoolers at TheHighSchooler, under the guidance of Sananda Bhattacharya’s expertise. You can follow her on Linkedin

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19 Short Stories and Questions For Critical Thinking

Apr 2, 2024

There have been rumblings in different online teacher groups recently about replacing novels with short stories and informational articles in middle and high school English classrooms. I have to admit I was shocked when I first read the comments because I am a book lover at heart, but since then, I’ve considered that there are several pros and cons to this approach.

Short stories and other smaller texts can provide a briefer timeline to complete tasks, and this process is helpful when there is already SO MUCH curriculum to cover. Short stories and related activities can also be more engaging for our students because of the exposure to diverse voices and themes! Using short stories and lessons provides students with amazing choices to meet their needs and preferences!

On the other hand, incorporating mainly short stories and other shorter passages means students’ already-pressed attention spans (as a result of social media influences and pervasive sources of technology) are reinforced. Plus, students miss out on the more complex stories within longer pieces of fiction that are, dare I say, life-altering! A novel can provide opportunities for sustained reading and layers for analysis that shorter pieces of literature like short stories and related texts cannot offer.

Ultimately, no matter where you find yourself on the issue, I think we can all agree that short stories and their counterparts can be vital, effective, and helpful in the modern classroom!

Continue reading for 19 Short Stories and Questions For Critical Thinking!!

Need help with Test Prep ?  Check out this  FREE Pack of 3 Test Prep Activities  to help students achieve success on standardized tests!

Table of Contents

19 Short Stories and Questions – Suggestions for Teaching Them

You don’t need to remove all novels to be able to include short stories and smaller passages like vignettes, articles, and narratives; there’s a time and place for all genres! But if you’re thinking about ways to include more short stories and fun activities, check out this list of 19 varied short stories and critical thinking questions as well as suggestions for teaching them in middle school and high school.

1.  “The Most Dangerous Game” 

“The Most Dangerous Game” is one of my absolute favorite short stories and overall plots to teach! This suspenseful short story by Richard Connell follows the harrowing ordeal of Sanger Rainsford, a skilled hunter who becomes the prey of a deranged aristocrat named General Zaroff. Stranded on Zaroff’s secluded island, Rainsford must outwit the cunning general in a deadly game of survival, where the stakes are life and death. 

SUGGESTIONS FOR TEACHING:

• You could focus on the setting (description of time and place) and examine how the setting changes throughout the story.
• Students could learn about the plot (major events in the story) and list the major events and evidence as they read.
• Define foreshadowing (hints for what will happen by the end of the story) and encourage students to hypothesize about what will happen after every page.
• Analyze the character development (how a character changes over time) of Rainsford and highlight his traits/actions as you read along.

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS:

• How does the setting contribute to the tension and suspense in the story?
• How does the author use foreshadowing? How does the author hint at the danger Rainford is facing?
• What inferences can you make about the main character and the changes he undergoes from the beginning to the end of the story?

If you want to teach plot elements and plot analysis , check out this lesson bundle for the story , which includes comprehension quizzes and a variety of activities!

2.  “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”

Ambrose Bierce’s story is a gripping tale set during the American Civil War, where a Southern civilian named Peyton Farquhar faces execution by hanging after attempting to sabotage a Union railroad bridge. As Farquhar falls through the trapdoor, time seems to stretch, and he experiences a surreal moment, only to realize his grim reality. 

Integrating historical texts with other short stories and passages like “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” will make history come more alive and relevant for our students!

• Teach about irony (when the opposite occurs from what is expected) and how it plays a role throughout the story.
• Explain the term characterization (how a character is depicted) by looking at direct and indirect references while reading with your students.
• Discuss the major themes (messages) of the story and how they connect to our modern era within a Socratic Seminar.
• How does the author use characterization to convey Peyton Farquhar’s thoughts, emotions, and motivations?
• What is the purpose of irony in this story? How does its use affect the reader’s interpretation and understanding of events?
• What is the significance in our contemporary/real world of the themes of the story, including reality and fantasy, the passage of time, and the consequences of actions?

Ensure students’ understanding of the story with this set of reading questions that are perfect for state test prep, too !

3.  “The Masque of the Red Death”

This chilling tale from Edgar Allan Poe is set in a secluded abbey where Prince Prospero and his wealthy guests attempt to escape a deadly plague known as the Red Death. Despite their isolation efforts, the guests are confronted with their own mortality as a mysterious figure in a blood-red mask appears.

If you have not read any short stories and poems from Poe, this story is a perfect journey into the horror genre!

• The setting (description of time and place) plays a MAJOR role in the story, so following the Prince from room to room and highlighting the imagery (description that connects to the five senses) is very important when reading.
• If you have not introduced mood  (emotion intended for the reader to experience), this story is PERFECT for delineating its progression from start to finish.
• As students read, you might guide them through identifying various examples of  symbolism  (object, person, or place that represents something else); each room, objects within, and the “antagonist” is symbolic in some way!
• How does the author convey the tone of the story? How would you, as the reader, describe the story’s mood?
• What role does the plot structure (focus on the different rooms) play in shaping the reader’s understanding of the story?
• What is the purpose of the symbolism in the story such as the clock and the masked figure?

Check out this EASY-TO-TEACH bundle , you can practice with your students, so they will feel more confident analyzing higher-level language in “The Masque of the Red Death!”

4.  “The Cask of Amontillado”

Another chilling tale from Poe is the classic story “The Cask of Amontillado.” This one is set during Carnival in an unnamed Italian city. The plot centers on a man seeking revenge on a ‘friend’ he believes has insulted him. If your students are anything like mine, they will relish the ending particularly!

This is just one more of Poe’s short stories and tales that will capture the mind of every reader!

•  As you plan for this short story, be sure to encourage your students to analyze the changing setting (description of time and place); following Fortunato from scene to scene will help your students track what is really going on.
• This story is the perfect moment to teach about dialogue (conversation within someone=internal and/or between someone and someone/thing else=external); Montresor certainly means more than what he SEEMS to say!
• You might also offer a mini-lesson on the 3 types of irony and how each plays a role in the story: verbal (when a person says the opposite of what is really intended), situational (an action occurs that is the opposite from what the reader expects), and dramatic (a character expects a result, but the opposite occurs and the audience can tell what will happen)!
• Describe Montresor. What are his motives and personality?
• What inferences can you make about Montresor’s mindset based on his dialogue?
• What is the purpose of the family’s motto and the carnival atmosphere? 

Check out this Short Story Activity & Quiz Bundle for Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Cask of Amontillado,” which contains questions and answers modeled after various reading standardized tests as well as pre-quiz reading comprehension questions, graphic organizers, and a writing activity to get students thinking critically about this classic short story involving REVENGE!

Want 7 more teaching ideas for one of Poe’s epic short stories and questions to go with it? Click below!

5.  “To Build a Fire”

This story by Jack London describes the treacherous journey of a man through the harsh Yukon wilderness during extreme cold. Despite warnings and the company of a loyal dog, the man’s arrogance and underestimation of nature’s power lead to a tragic end.

Short stories and ideas related to survival in nature are still relevant today! Who knows when you might get lost on a hike or crashland in no man’s land?

• This story is PERFECT for a bit of  literary analysis  (examining the impact of various ideas, elements, or themes within a piece of literature); you could hone in on literary devices, characterization, theme, etc.!
• Integrating clips from survival shows will help students see connections to the world and extend their thinking by comparing (recognizing similarities) and contrasting (recognizing differences) varied experiences!
• Write a short narrative about surviving 24 hours in a different setting (description of time and place).
• How does the author use irony? Provide an example and explain. 
• What real-world connections can be made between this story and our contemporary life? 
• What is the story’s message about preparedness and respecting nature?

Grab these engaging short stories and activities to make teaching this Jack London story stress-free!

6.  “The Cactus”

Told from the point of view of a young man at his former lover’s wedding, the narrator retells their story. Like most of O. Henry’s short stories and texts, this one has a twist that involves the titular cactus plant.

The ending will end in a bit of fun for your students!

• Introduce diction (word choice) and its impact within the story by hyperfocusing on specific words within the story . Students can look up definitions, locate synonyms, create their own sentences, replace the words, etc.
• Investigate twist endings (unexpected finish to a story); before reading the end of the story, ask students to guess why the girl “rejected” him. Some students may know the answer before reading it!
• Describe the main characters. What similarities and differences are evident? How does this affect the story’s action?
• What inferences can you make about Trysdale and his feelings about love and marriage?
• What are the real and symbolic meanings of the cactus?

This resource packed with questions and answers, graphic organizers, and writing activities is sure to get your students thinking about this love story driven by misconceptions.

7.  “After Twenty Years”

This tale of friendship and betrayal focuses on the reunion of two old friends after twenty years apart on a New York City street corner. As they reminisce, something is revealed that demonstrates the reality of their bond as well as the choices they’ve made in life.

If you have not read O. Henry’s short stories and incorporated character analysis yet, this is your chance! The story is not long and can be completed in one to two class periods!

• Sometimes, we ask students to visualize (create a picture) in their minds, but why not give them the opportunity to use their artistic skills to draw the two characters?
• As students read, annotate for a description of each character; then, students can do a character analysis (investigation of the characters’ similarities and differences).
• What type of irony is used in the story? How does its use affect your interpretation and understanding of the story?
• How does the urban setting contribute to the mood of the story?
• What is the story’s message about friendship and loyalty?

Examine the links between loyalty and duty with this set of resources designed specifically for this O. Henry story.

8.  “The Lottery”

“The Lottery” is the quintessential short story for middle school or high school English! Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” tells the story of an annual ritual that takes place in a seemingly idyllic town. When the townsfolk gather for the lottery drawing, a shocking turn of events demonstrates the dark side of human nature and their ties to (outdated) traditions.

• Introduce the terms suspense (uncertainty and/or excitement leading up to a major event) and tension (anxiety or uneasy feelings experienced by characters). While reading, identify evidence that relates to each of these concepts and chat/write about their impact on meaning and plot.
• Teach title (the name of the text) analysis. The title of “The Lottery” is perfect for teaching the impact of the title and audience expectations. Before reading, students may write what they believe the story will be about based on the title. After reading, students can complete a quick write responding to their previous expectations! You can do a text analysis for all short stories and poems!
• What role does the plot structure play in building suspense and tension? (Consider the revelation of the lottery’s ‘prize’ in particular.)
• What social commentary is being made through the story and its characters?
• Describe Mr. Summers, Tessie, and Old Man Warner. What does the story reveal about their role in the community and their feelings about the lottery?

Give yours elf a breath of fresh air with this NO PREP curriculum that integrates test prep within the teaching of literature by using Shirley Jackson’s quintessential story!

9.  “The Pedestrian”

This Ray Bradbury story follows a lone walker in a futuristic society in which everyone else is consumed by technology, particularly the television. One evening, the walker encounters a police car that questions his unusual behavior and the end is quite unexpected! (Most of Bradbury’s short stories and texts connect to the future and technology in some way!)

• This story exemplifies Dystopian Literature (texts that include a supposedly perfect future society marred in some way by governmental or societal oppression). Using this story to introduce this type of literature is always fun for students because they will easily make connections to other dystopic short stories and poems!
• Teach about mood (the emotional impact of a story’s description/action). The goal is to get students to deepen their critical thinking skills by recognizing how the mood changes and the purpose for that change!
• How does the author use foreshadowing and suspense to build the mood of the story?
• What is the central theme of the story? How might it connect with our current world?
• What similes and metaphors does Bradbury use to describe the community and its members? What is notable about these comparisons?

With this resource about Bradbury’s “The Pedestrian,” you can just print and teach the lesson and activities with EASE! 

10.  “The Gift of the Magi”

This 1905 story by O. Henry relays a tale about a couple struggling to make ends meet. Throughout the story, they both figure out gifts to buy one another for Christmas and realize what love truly means!

• Review character traits (how a character is depicted internally and externally). Log the traits of each character within the story and how they are important to the meaning of the story.
• Extend (move beyond the text) critical thinking skills by encouraging students to think and write about other people. If they had $1,000 to spend on someone else, how would they spend the money and why?

• How would you describe Della and Jim, and their relationship?
• What values do the characters have, when you consider their actions and decisions?
• Explain how dramatic irony is used in the story. Is it necessary? Is it effective? Why or why not?

This tale is a great addition to your short stories and questions unit around the winter holidays! Save yourself time at that time of the year with this lesson bundle . 

11.  “The Monkey’s Paw” 

“The Monkey’s Paw” is a classic horror story about the White family who come into possession of a mystical monkey’s paw that grants three wishes. Despite warnings, they use it and then face devastating consequences as a result.

• Teach about the elements of the horror/suspense genre (Ex. Scary movies are typically dark, stormy, surprising, morbid, etc.).
• Create a thematic statement (message relayed by the text in a complete sentence). There is no perfectly created theme (message) unless it is directly stated by the author; however, students can create a theme by supporting their ideas with evidence from the story!
• What is the main theme of the story? Or how does the author communicate the themes of greed or fate? Is one stronger than the other?
• Are Mr. and Mrs. White more alike or different from one another? How do you know?
• Should we be afraid of the unknown? What message does the story share? Do you agree or disagree?

Examine W.W. Jacobs’ classic story with this set of questions and answers along with rigorous reading and writing activities . While it is ideal for a spooky season, the story is valuable for its ability to hook readers any time of year!

12.  “Lamb to the Slaughter” 

This classic story with a killer plot twist is about a woman who kills her husband and gets away with murder thanks to cooking a leg of lamb!

• You could introduce the plot elements (exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution), encourage students to identify major events to fit each element and write down textual evidence to support their ideas.
• Complete a film analysis (examination of film techniques and their effects) to compare/contrast the short story with the classic Alfred Hitchcock television episode.
• What is Mary Maloney’s state of mind? Does it remain the same or does it change throughout the story? Explain.
• Is the resolution of the story satisfying? Why or why not? Why do you think the author ended it as he did?
• How does irony contribute to the theme of deception in the story? Explain.

Spice up your middle school English or high school English class with this short stories and activities bundle for Dahl’s famous story!

13.  “The Tell-Tale Heart” 

Poe’s classic psychological thriller is narrated by an unnamed protagonist who insists on their sanity while recounting how they murdered an old man. The narrator is haunted by the sound of the victim’s beating heart, which ultimately drives him to confess to the crime despite not originally being a suspect. 

• Teach symbolism (object, person, or place that represents something else) by focusing on the heart and eye . The author used these symbols in various ways!
• Investigate psychology (the study of the human mind) as a part of the story. Determine what is fact and what is fiction within the narrator’s mind.
• What does the story reveal about the human psyche?
• What is the deeper meaning of the two key symbols in the story – the beating heart and the eye of the old man?
• What role do the narrator’s inner thoughts play in the development of the plot?

This Short Story Comprehension Bundle offers quick (and effective!) ways to assess students’ learning and understanding of the story. It’s easy to use and will no doubt save you time too!

14.  “The Scarlet Ibis” 

Emotional short stories and their counterparts have a place as well in English classrooms! This short story by James Hurst about two brothers is a heartbreaking must-read. Through flashbacks, the unnamed narrator tells the life story of his younger sickly brother William Armstrong, who is nicknamed Doodle. And the end…well, you’ll see.

• Define and explain the purpose of a flashback (referring back to the past within a story). Think about the implications of never thinking back on the past or always thinking about the past.
• Complete a comparison chart between Doodle and the Ibis as you read along. Then, students can create a visual of each after they have ready by using their own evidence!
• What is the meaning of the story’s title and the presence of a scarlet ibis in the story?
• What is the central theme of the story? How do the events of the story support this chosen theme?
• How does the author use personification for the storm? What effect does this have on the story?

This flexible resource features critical thinking questions and answers as well as writing and reading activities for students to explore Hurst’s heartbreaking story.

15.  “The Veldt” 

This science fiction story by Ray Bradbury was first published as “The World the Children Made” and it is quite fitting as a title! The story focuses on a futuristic world in which a video screen can be controlled and it turns out to be more than simple virtual reality! By the story’s conclusion, the world the children made is the downfall of their parents. 

• Compare and contrast “The Veldt” with “The Pedestrian,” two short stories and dystopic texts by Ray Bradbury. Analyze the similarities and differences of both short stories and create a thematic statement that connects to both texts!
• Make connections to our current reality in the 21st century. Locate research about the implications of technology on young people and integrate this information as you discuss this short story.
• How does the author address the theme of technology versus humanity in the story? Do you agree with this commentary? Why or why not?
• How does the nursery reflect the personalities of Wendy and Peter in this story?
• Do you know the story of Peter Pan and his friend Wendy? What connections can you make between it and this story by Ray Bradbury?

Ray Bradbury’s classic short stories and similar passages are the BEST to teach in middle and high school English! With so much to dive into, they are sure to be a hit with your students. Grab this set of activities to extend your students’ engagement with rigorous reading and writing activities about “The Veldt.” 

16.  “The Necklace” 

A woman who longs for a life of luxury and elegance beyond her means faces consequences when she loses a borrowed necklace. Guy de Maupassant’s story ends with a twist that has the reader question the value of material possessions. 

• I love comparing this short story with O. Henry’s “The Gift of the Magi.” You might choose to focus on the theme, characterization, setting, etc.
• Summarize (writing about the main idea with details) each chunk of the story as you read with your students. Instead of asking students to write a paragraph, you could ask students to create each summary in only one sentence.
• The story explores vanity, deception, and the consequences of striving for social status. Which theme do you think is the most important? Explain with support from the story.
• Is Mathilde Loisel a likable character? Does this change during the story? Does it matter if the reader likes her? Why or why not?
• What clues does the author provide throughout the story that foreshadow the twist at the story’s end?

Focus on the standards with this Short Story Lesson Bundle for “The Necklace” by Guy de Maupassant!

Need help with implementing activities for “The Necklace?” See below!

17.  “A Vendetta” 

Guy de Maupassant’s late-19th-century story is all about REVENGE. A mother is obsessed with creating a plan to avenge her son’s murder and she then puts the plan into action with a morbid outcome.

• There are so many texts that involve REVENGE! Why not use this concept as a focus for a thematic unit (texts linked to a similar concept and/or message)? You could read “A Poison Tree,” “The Cask of Amontillado,” and “Lamb to the Slaughter” as well as “A Vendetta” with the intention of writing about all 4 for a comparison/contrast paper, presentation, or seminar.
• Analyze the development (how a character changes over time) of the mother and the dog throughout the story; you might annotate for similarities and differences as well as their motivations!
• What comment is the story making about the nature (or need) for justice? Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not?
• What similes and metaphors does the author use to communicate the main character’s feelings about the vendetta?
• How does the author use details to explain the main character’s thoughts, feelings, and motivation?

Add these activities for this lesser-known work to your short story plans. It’s sure to keep things fresh for your short stories and activities unit! 

18.  “Thank You, Ma’am” (also known as “Thank You, M’am”)

This heartfelt story by Langston Hughes tells the story of Luella, an older woman in the neighborhood, who is nearly robbed by a young man named Roger. In response to Roger, Luella brings him back to her home and treats him with an abundance of kindness, which has a profound effect on Roger.

This tale is at the top of the list for the BEST short stories and passages for upper middle and younger high school students!

• Introduce perspective and/or point of view (how a story is told: 1st, 2nd, 3rd omniscient, 3rd limited, 3rd objective). Students might rewrite the story from another perspective or extend the story using the perspective of one of the main characters.
• Review plot elements with a focus on the exposition (introduction to the characters, setting, and conflict), climax (highest point of interest/turning point of the story), and resolution (how the story is concluded and/or resolved in some way.) You could assign an activity surrounding each concept: visualization of the scene, a journal response to the event, or a short response focused on how the element is important to the overall theme!

• Do you believe in second chances? What does the story say about second chances? 
• How might the climax of the story also be seen as the turning point in Roger’s life?
• How would you describe Mrs. Luella Bates Washington Jones? Are her actions expected or unexpected in the story? Consider from Roger’s and the reader’s point of view.

Click to check out all of the details for this BUNDLE with differentiated options , which includes a Test Prep Quiz (with varied options), Venn Diagrams, Graphic Organizers, and Writing Responses!! 

19.  “Click Clack the Rattle Bag”

This short story by Neil Gaiman is creepy and fun in the best ways possible! The narrator is taking care of his girlfriend’s little brother and walking him to bed when the child asks for a story. Instead of the narrator sharing a story, the boy shares about the Click Clacks who drink their prey and leave behind rattling bodies. The end is too good to be missed!

Short stories and plots like those in “Click Clack the Rattle Bag” will most certainly engage even your most struggling learners!

• We all know that test prep can be tough as many reading passages are, well, boring! Why not accomplish some test prep with your students and incorporate 5 standardized test-related questions ? You could focus on theme, structure, order of events, characterization, etc.!
• Help students make inferences (acknowledging and hypothesizing about the impact of details that are not directly referenced or stated) as the scene moves along. Students can analyze the change in the setting, the little boy himself, the story the boy is telling, and specific phrases from the story.
• What details in the story contribute to its eerie atmosphere or mood? Or what figurative language devices does Neil Gaiman use to create a sense of suspense in the story? 
• How does the author use ambiguity in the story? Is it effective or not? Explain.
• What inferences can you make about the relationship between the narrator and the young boy?

This “Click Clack the Rattle Bag” Quiz Pack for middle and high school students uses the Common Core standards and contains questions and answers modeled after various state standardized tests! Make teaching this amazing short story by Neil Gaiman SIMPLE & EASY!

Why should we incorporate more short stories and activities in our teaching?

While I would never advocate replacing all novels with short stories and smaller texts, there is still something to be said about spending quality time with short stories and excerpts. 

Including short stories and standards-based activities is an ideal option to improve reading comprehension and develop skills, especially in middle and high school English classes!

SHORT STORIES AND ACTIVITIES RESOURCES: 

This  Short Stories and Test Prep Questions ULTIMATE BUNDLE with Lessons, Quizzes, and Activities uses the Common Core standards with reading comprehension QUESTIONS and ANSWERS for 18 short stories such as “The Most Dangerous Game,” “The Monkey’s Paw,” “The Tell-Tale Heart,” “After Twenty Years,” “The Gift of the Magi,” “The Veldt,” “The Lottery,” “The Pedestrian,” etc. modeled after various state reading exams.

Make teaching short stories and activities SIMPLE & EASY!

Just PRINT & TEACH with engaging short stories and lessons!!

Need more fun ideas for teaching short stories and corresponding activities? Check out my store Kristin Menke-Integrated ELA Test Prep !

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How to teach Critical Thinking: Lesson plans for teachers

Knowing how to teach critical thinking is not always clear. These critical thinking lesson plans will help teachers build the critical thinking skills that their students need to become better engaged and informed global citizens.

The plans were developed in collaboration with psychology and brain researchers at Indiana University and with teachers across the country. All of our lesson plans are free to download, use and share. Primarily for middle schools, the topics range from cognitive biases to common logical fallacies, to subject-specific lessons in math, sciences, and social studies. 

We invite you to check out our library of lessons, to share any thoughts and feedback that you might have

Teaching about control groups

Teaching about the confirmation bias

Teaching about the cognitive bias called overgeneralization

Using Unit Rates and Math to teach critical thinking

Critical Thinking and Statistics

Teaching Critical Thinking Skills

Social Media and the Confirmation Bias

Experimenter Bias in Science

Critical Thinking About Science News

Common Logical Fallacies in Science (Grades 6-8)

Common Logical Fallacies in Math (Grades 6-8)

Using Questions to Foster Critical Thinking in Science (Grades 6-8)

Teaching About Common Biases & Fallacies Using Social Studies (Grade 6)

TEACHING ABOUT COMMON BIASES & FALLACIES USING MATH (Grade 6)

TEACHING ABOUT COMMON BIASES & FALLACIES USING MATH (Grade 5)

Teaching About Common Biases & Fallacies Using Social Studies (Grade 4)

Teaching About Common Biases & Fallacies Using Math (Grade 4)

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Get ready to ignite your students' passion with this comprehensive and engaging editable lesson plan bundle. This resource will make your life easier. Designed to meet the highest standards, this bundle will take your students on an exciting journey of critical thinking exploration.

This bundle includes 10 editable lesson plans + pdf about critical thinking:

1 Analysis and Interpretation of Literary Texts

2 Evaluation of Evidence

3 Making Connections

4 Identifying and Analyzing Arguments

5 Forming and Expressing Opinions

6 Problem Solving

7 Critical Reading

8 Ethical Considerations

9 Reflective Thinking

10 Creative and Critical Writing

Here's what makes this bundle a game-changer, each lesson plan must have:

• Duration : With a well-structured timeline, this lesson plan ensures that you cover all the necessary content within the allocated time, maximizing learning opportunities for your students.
• Clear Learning Objectives : Set clear and measurable objectives that guide your students towards achieving specific learning outcomes, fostering a sense of purpose and direction in their literary exploration.
• Tools : No need to spend hours searching for specific tools - this lesson plan comes with a carefully selected list of tools to use.
• Procedure : Step-by-step instructions make implementing this lesson plan a breeze. From warm-up activities to group discussions and individual reflections, every aspect of the lesson is meticulously outlined to ensure a seamless and engaging learning experience.
• Assessment and Feedback : Assessing your students' progress is made simple with a variety of assessment instructions provided. From formative assessments to summative evaluations, you'll have all you need to gauge your students' understanding and provide constructive feedback.
• Differentiation and Individualization : Cater to the diverse needs of your students with built-in differentiation strategies. This lesson plan offers suggestions for adapting activities to meet the varying learning styles and abilities of your students, ensuring that every student has a chance to shine.
• Reflection : Encourage critical thinking and self-reflection with built-in reflection prompts. These prompts allow students to analyze their own learning and connect it to the broader themes and concepts explored in the lesson, fostering deeper understanding and personal growth.
• Continuous Improvement : As educators, we are always striving to improve our practice. This lesson plan encourages ongoing reflection and refinement, allowing you to make adjustments based on student feedback and your own observations.
• Alignment with Curriculum and Standards : Rest easy knowing that this lesson plan is aligned with the curriculum and standards. You can trust that your students are receiving a quality education that meets the necessary requirements.

But that's not all! This digital product also offers the flexibility you need:

• Edit whatever you need : Customize this lesson plan to fit your specific teaching style and classroom needs. Add, modify, or remove any elements to make it truly your own.
• Use it as is (pdf) : No time to make modifications? No problem! This lesson plan is ready to go, straight out of the box. Simply download and implement with confidence. Use the pdf version provided.
• Use it as a template for future lesson plans : Consider this lesson plan a blueprint for your future literary explorations. Use it as a template to create your own lesson plans, saving you time and ensuring consistency in your teaching practice.

Each editable lesson plan inside the bundle includes: 1. Literature Lesson Plan follows the 9-Secret Standards for a Perfect Lesson Plan to Truly Engage and Inspire Your Students and Yourself! Use it also as a template to design any lesson plan on the same perfect standards.

2. PDF Version of the same lesson plan.

3. Notes (Instructions)

Reading Literature (RL):

• RL.9-10.1 / RL.11-12.1
• RL.9-10.2 / RL.11-12.2
• RL.9-10.3 / RL.11-12.3
• RL.9-10.4 / RL.11-12.4
• RL.9-10.5 / RL.11-12.5
• RL.9-10.6 / RL.11-12.6
• RL.9-10.7 / RL.11-12.7
• RL.9-10.9 / RL.11-12.9
• RL.9-10.10 / RL.11-12.10

Reading Informational Text (RI):

• RI.9-10.1 / RI.11-12.1
• RI.9-10.2 / RI.11-12.2
• RI.9-10.4 / RI.11-12.4
• RI.9-10.6 / RI.11-12.6
• RI.9-10.8 / RI.11-12.8

Writing (W):

• W.9-10.1 / W.11-12.1
• W.9-10.2 / W.11-12.2
• W.9-10.3 / W.11-12.3
• W.9-10.4 / W.11-12.4
• W.9-10.5 / W.11-12.5
• W.9-10.9 / W.11-12.9
• W.9-10.10 / W.11-12.10

Speaking and Listening (SL):

• SL.9-10.1 / SL.11-12.1
• SL.9-10.2 / SL.11-12.2
• SL.9-10.3 / SL.11-12.3
• SL.9-10.4 / SL.11-12.4
• SL.9-10.5 / SL.11-12.5

Language (L):

• L.9-10.1 / L.11-12.1
• L.9-10.2 / L.11-12.2
• L.9-10.3 / L.11-12.3

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More in Editable Lesson Plan + Templates for Grades 9-12: Word Analysis : Editable Lesson Plan for High School

Word Relationships : Editable Lesson Plan for High School

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High School Teachers

Links for High School Teachers

• Tactical and Structural Recommendations
• Teaching Tactics that Encourage Active Learning
• Using Intellectual Standards to Assess Student Reasoning
• The Art of Redesigning Instruction
• Remodeled Lessons: High School
• Introduction to Remodeling: Components of Remodels and Their Functions
• Glossary of Critical Thinking Terms
• Socratic Teaching
• Strategy List: 35 Dimensions of Critical Thought
• John Stuart Mill: On Instruction, Intellectual Development, and Disciplined Learning
• The Role of Questions in Teaching, Thinking and Learning
• Looking To The Future With a Critical Eye: A Message for High School Graduates

Multiple Perspectives: Building Critical Thinking Skills

• Resources & Preparation
• Instructional Plan
• Related Resources

This lesson develops students' critical thinking skills through reading and interacting with multiple-perspectives texts. Students analyze selected texts, using metacognitive strategies such as visualizing, synthesizing, and making connections, to learn about multiple points of view. By studying Doreen Cronin's Diary of a Spider/ Worm/ Fly books, students develop a model for an original diary based on an animal of their choosing. Students conduct online research on their chosen animal and use the information gathered to create several diary entries from the perspective of that animal. Students' completed diaries are shared with the class and the larger school community.

Featured Resources

• Fish Is Fish : This Leo Lionni book encourages students to use their skills in thinking from different perspectives.
• Fish Is Fish Script: The script, written by the lesson author, contains original text from the book as well as some new additional text.
• Doreen Cronin as Our Mentor: This printout summarizes the types of entries Doreen Cronin uses in her Diary of a Spider/Worm/Fly books and provides students with ideas and starting points for their own diary entries.
• Websites for Research: A list of excellent, easy-to-navigate student-oriented websites that provide facts on all types of animals.

From Theory to Practice

• As a result of state standards that require students to engage in critical and analytical thinking related to texts, teachers have been turning toward the notion of critical literacy to address such requirements. Though it is an educational buzz word, there is no clear definition of critical literacy, which creates difficulties for teachers who attempt to incorporate deep, critical thinking into their instruction but do not get much guidance from state standards as to how to design instruction.
• Clarke and Whitney provide a three-part framework for incorporating critical literacy into the classroom: (1) Students start by digging beyond the surface of a text, deconstructing it, and then analyzing and interrogating the layers of meaning; (2) students take what they have learned from analyzing the text to reconstruct it and create new ways of thinking; and (3) by taking what they have learned from deconstructing and reconstructing the text, the students can connect to the larger world and even take social action.
• Multiple-perspective books, which intentionally emphasize different viewpoints, help students develop critical thinking skills and learn how to see beyond their own lives to the world outside. Such books, coupled with Clarke and Whitney’s framework, help students to understand, visualize, and empathize with someone else’s struggles.

Common Core Standards

This resource has been aligned to the Common Core State Standards for states in which they have been adopted. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, CCSS alignments are forthcoming.

State Standards

This lesson has been aligned to standards in the following states. If a state does not appear in the drop-down, standard alignments are not currently available for that state.

NCTE/IRA National Standards for the English Language Arts

• 1. Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works.
• 3. Students apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. They draw on their prior experience, their interactions with other readers and writers, their knowledge of word meaning and of other texts, their word identification strategies, and their understanding of textual features (e.g., sound-letter correspondence, sentence structure, context, graphics).
• 4. Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language (e.g., conventions, style, vocabulary) to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences and for different purposes.
• 5. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes.
• 7. Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems. They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources (e.g., print and nonprint texts, artifacts, people) to communicate their discoveries in ways that suit their purpose and audience.
• 8. Students use a variety of technological and information resources (e.g., libraries, databases, computer networks, video) to gather and synthesize information and to create and communicate knowledge.
• 11. Students participate as knowledgeable, reflective, creative, and critical members of a variety of literacy communities.
• 12. Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes (e.g., for learning, enjoyment, persuasion, and the exchange of information).

Materials and Technology

• Computers with Internet access (one computer per student, if possible)
• Pencils, crayons, markers, colored pencils, erasers
• Construction paper for cover of diary (one piece for each student or student pair)
• Seven Blind Mice by Ed Young (Philomel, 1992)
• Fish Is Fish by Leo Lionni (Random House, 1998)
• Diary of a Worm by Doreen Cronin (HarperCollins, 2003)
• Diary of a Spider by Doreen Cronin (HarperCollins, 2005)
• Diary of a Fly by Doreen Cronin (HarperCollins, 2007)
• Assorted Zoobooks or Ranger Rick magazines
• Baseball caps labeled Fish and Frog (optional)
• Fish Is Fish Script
• Diary Entry Template
• Doreen Cronin as Our Mentor
• Diary Planning Sheet
• Research Notes
• Can I See Different Perspectives?
• Partnership Reflection Form
• Self-Assessment: What Did I Learn?
• Sketch to Stretch
• Fish Is Fish Venn Diagram
• Websites for Research
• Teacher Rubric: Student Diary Entries
• Teacher Rating Form: Sketch to Stretch
• Teacher Rubric: Fish Is Fish
• Red-Eyed Tree Frog

Preparation

• Print out several copies of the Red-Eyed Tree Frog photograph (enough for a small group of students to share) and cut each photograph into several pieces.
• Make one copy for each student of Sketch to Stretch , Can I See Different Perspectives? , Fish Is Fish Script , Fish Is Fish Venn Diagram , Doreen Cronin as Our Mentor , Diary Planning Sheet , Research Notes , and Self-Assessment: What Did I Learn?
• Make three copies for each student of the Partnership Reflection Form .
• Make five copies for each student of the Diary Entry Template .
• Bookmark Websites for Research on classroom computers or bookmark each of the websites on the list.
• Print one copy each of the Teacher Rubric: Student Diary Entries , Teacher Rating Form: Sketch to Stretch and Teacher Rubric: Fish Is Fish .
• Obtain one copy of Seven Blind Mice by Ed Young and practice reading aloud.
• Obtain one copy of Fish Is Fish by Leo Lionni for teacher reference.
• Obtain multiple copies of Diary of a Worm , Diary of a Spider , and Diary of a Fly by Doreen Cronin.
• Obtain an assortment of Zoobooks and or Ranger Rick magazines for initial research.
• Reserve time in the computer lab for Session 5, if necessary.
• Familiarize yourself with all of the Websites for Research so you can assist students in navigating and searching these sites.
• If desired, have students bring in baseball caps prior to Session 3 and label each cap with either Fish or Frog . Each student needs a baseball cap, and because students will be working in partners, one student will receive the “Fish” label and the other student will receive the “Frog” label.

Student Objectives

Students will

• Develop a basic understanding of narrative perspective
• Become aware of the presence—and the value—of including different voices in a text; and understand how presenting an issue from various vantage points adds multiple layers of meaning
• Practice research skills by using both print and online sources
• Organize and synthesize facts from research
• Use critical literacy skills to view life from the perspective of a selected animal
• Practice writing factual information from a specific point of view, in a diary format
• Develop teamwork skills through working with a partner and sharing the responsibilities of research, planning, writing, and creating the final diary from the chosen animal’s perspective

Session 1: An Introduction to Multiple Perspectives

• To begin the exploration of perspective, explain to students that you are going to give them a small piece of a larger picture, which has been cut into pieces.
• Model how to create a picture based on a small part of the photograph.
• Organize students into small groups of 3–4 students. After groups have been formed, distribute pieces of the photograph to the members of each group. Have students draw what they think the rest of the photo might look like, without looking at the other pieces. (Remind them to focus on their part only.)
• Have the members of each group share their illustrations with one another. Engage students in discussion about the similarities and differences of their illustrations. Ask them to predict what the entire picture might be.
• Assemble all of the pieces of the picture to reveal the entire image.
• Connect to photograph activity, where each student formed a different idea of the original photograph because each was seeing it from a different perspective.
• Point out that there are always at least two sides to every story, which is why people go to court and why teachers ask each student involved in a disagreement to tell his or her side of a story.
• Explain that we come to understand a character’s perspective by creating mental images.
• When we pay attention to a character’s perspective (or all of the characters’ perspectives), we are engaging in critical thinking , and this kind of thinking helps us be better readers.
• Sum up the explanation of perspective with the analogy of “walking in someone else’s shoes.” In the case of reading, you are taking off your own shoes and putting on the narrator’s shoes to walk through the story.

Session 2: <em>Seven Blind Mice</em>

• Introduce the book Seven Blind Mice by telling students that it shows the perspective of seven different characters. Explain that they will first take apart (deconstruct) the story and sketch it from each character’s perspective and then put together all of their images and see if they can get an idea of the entire picture.
• Distribute a copy of the Sketch to Stretch sheet to each student and explain that each block is to be used to depict the perspective of one of the mice in the story.
• Activate students’ schema by having them briefly discuss how a mouse’s perspective is different from a human’s. Before reading, have students pretend to take off their shoes and imagine that they are putting on a mouse’s shoes.
• Read aloud Seven Blind Mice . Stop after each mouse’s description of the object ( pillar , snake , spear , cliff , fan , rope ) and have students complete a box on their Sketch to Stretch sheet.
• Before reading the ending of the book, have the students try to put together the images from the different perspectives to infer what the entire picture might be. After this discussion, finish the book.
• To close the lesson, have the students complete the self-assessment form Can I See Different Perspectives?

Session 3: Walking in a Character’s Shoes

• Introduce the book Fish Is Fish and ask students to predict what the book might be about. Also encourage them to ask questions about the book and think about what kinds of pictures they might see in the book. Encourage students to explain their thoughts as they discuss.
• Review the idea of perspective and connect it to Fish Is Fish . Ask students whose perspective they think Fish Is Fish will be told from and why. Then explain to the students that Fish Is Fish is told from the very different perspectives of a fish and of a tadpole that turns into a frog.
• Create student partnerships (2 students—if an odd number of students, one group of 3 and modify the activities as necessary). Students will complete the remaining sessions and activities with this partner.
• Distribute copies of the Fish Is Fish Venn Diagram and explain how students will fill in the characteristics of Fish and Tadpole/Frog in the appropriate spaces as they read.
• Distribute copies of the Fish Is Fish Script . The students will verbally read aloud the script with their partners. Note to students that whoever reads Fish’s part also must read as Narrator 1 and the partner who reads Frog’s part must also read Narrator 2. Provide students with the appropriate labels for their baseball caps (optional).
• Circulate and observe as students read through script with their partners.
• When students have read through about half of the script (about the halfway mark where Fish and Frog say good night), ask them to stop and jot down their thoughts about each character’s perspective. After they finish the book, they will complete the Fish Is Fish Venn Diagram and discuss as a pair.
• Have students discuss in their pairs which character (Fish or Frog) had a more positive perspective of life and why. Then, share thoughts as a class.
• To close the lesson, ask students whether playing the part of the fish and the frog after learning about perspective helped them feel as though they were thinking like the fish or frog.

Session 4: Using an Author as a Mentor

• Tell students that during the next two lessons they will complete a project using their skills of thinking from the perspective of someone or something else.
• Introduce Diary of a Spider , Diary of a Worm , and Diary of a Fly , and ask students how the books are similar. (Make sure students’ response is that they are all the diary of something.) Also ask students to predict what kind of project they think they will be working on (creating a diary from the perspective of an insect/animal).
• Tell students that they will be writing a diary from the perspective of an animal of their choosing. Students will be working with the partners they read with during the last session to create this diary. At this time, students can just begin to think about which animal they would like to “become.” A final decision does not need to be made at this point in time.
• Ask students how they think they could learn about the perspective of a particular animal (researching, asking questions, reading about the animal).
• Tell students that similarities among an author’s books can be used to form a “recipe” for another story. Distribute one copy of each book to each set of partners. If there aren’t enough copies, give each partnership one book and allow students to skim for about three minutes and then rotate with another group. After students have looked through the books, ask students what similarities they notice among the Diary of a Spider/Worm/Fly books. What is similar in the story lines? The entries?
• Distribute copies of Doreen Cronin as Our Mentor . Read through the list of “ingredients,” and have each student identify at least four entries they would like to emulate in their diary. You may want to require that all diaries follow Cronin’s formulas for beginning and ending but that the fifth entry of each student will be either the beginning or the ending. Encourage students to use different diary entry ideas within their pairs and to choose different items to emulate, as they will be writing the diary together.
• Distribute a copy of the Research Notes worksheet to each student, and have students go over the different types of facts they should look for about the animal.
• Provide students with time to discuss with their partners what animal they will research. You may want to go through your magazines ahead of time so you know which animals you have information for. Different partnerships may choose the same animal as long as information sources are available for each partnership.
• Bring students back together for short whole-class instruction. Model how to form additional questions students will need to answer to complete their animal diaries. For example, for a diary entry about the animal at school, you might think aloud, “Hmmm, we learn things in school. What might this animal need to learn when it is young or at some point during its lifetime?” For a diary entry about a nightmare the animal might have, you could think aloud: “Well, when I have nightmares they are always about something I am afraid of, so what might this animal be afraid of—afraid enough to have a nightmare?”
• Guide students to begin skimming through the Zoobooks or Ranger Rick magazines to gather some information about animals. Quickly review how the headings on each page can guide the reader to particular information.
• To close the session, have two sets of partners meet and share information about what they have found.

Session 5: Gathering the Ingredients

• When we read a story we see it from the perspective, or point of view, of the narrator, who may also be a character in the story.
• Different characters in the story have different perspectives on the events.
• Awareness of different perspectives is a type of critical thinking.
• Remind students that they will be working to write a diary from the perspective of a chosen animal. If necessary, review research and note-taking techniques.
• Have students review the preliminary research they conducted with Zoobooks or Ranger Rick magazines during the last lesson, and formulate some additional questions they would like to answer through their research.
• In the computer lab or on classroom computers, have students open the Websites for Research . Explain that students should use these sites to find information about their chosen animals and answer as many questions as possible on the Research Notes worksheet. Assist students in navigating the sites and finding the needed information. Partners can work together to gather the information, or each partner can work separately and compare and combine information in the end.

Session 6: Planning for the Diary

• Have students review their Research Notes from the previous session and select interesting facts to include in their animal diaries.
• Decides who will write the opening entry and who will write the closing entry
• Decides on dates for entries 1–10 ahead of time so that the entries are in consecutive order when written and then combined to form the diary
• As students finish planning, provide each student with five copies of the Diary Entry Template . Students can begin working on their entries today and complete them in Sessions 7 and 8.

Sessions 7 and 8: Writing From a Different Perspective

• If not distributed during the last session, provide each student with five copies of the Diary Entry Template . Allow students 30–40 minutes to work on constructing journal entries from their animal’s perspective. Encourage them to use their skills in thinking from another’s perspective while creating journal entries. Guide and assist students as needed while they create their journal entries.
• After students have written all of their entries, they should illustrate the various entries.
• Have students create a diary cover including the title ( Diary of a ______) and the name(s) of the author(s). Assist students in assembling their diaries, alternating pages by student.

Session 9: Sharing Our Learning

Set aside a class session for partner sets to share their diaries with the class orally. Since students worked in pairs, photocopy the diaries so that each partner has a copy. After sharing, make sure to distribute Self-Assessment: What Did I Learn? form for each student to complete independently.

• Have students use Microsoft PowerPoint or Smart Notebook software to create a digital version of their diaries. Assist them in adding a soundtrack of themselves reading the diary aloud if desired. Upload to the school website to share with students’ families, other classes, and the community.
• Have students visit younger classes and share their diaries as read-alouds or in a Readers Theatre format.
• To continue their study of multiple perspectives, have students read The Big Orange Splot by Daniel Pinkwater and rewrite the text as a script for Readers Theatre.
• Have students shadow another person—mother, father, teacher, sibling, or even a pet—for several days, taking notes and, if possible, interviewing the subject. Students could then write a diary from the perspective of the person they “shadowed,” using Doreen Cronin’s entries as models.
• Students can use Fish Is Fish Script for a Readers Theatre performance.
• Students can visit the Diary of a Fly website to remind them of their project and connect their learning to technology.

Student Assessment / Reflections

• At the end of Session 1, have students assess their ability to understand characters’ perspectives using the self assessment Can I See Different Perspectives?
• Use the Teacher Rating Form: Sketch to Stretch to reflect upon the students’ success with the Sketch to Stretch activity in Session 2.
• Use the Teacher Rubric: Fish Is Fish to assess students’ success with using critical thinking skills to think from different perspectives.
• Observe as the students discuss the similarities between Doreen Cronin’s books, as well as the entries they are interested in. Are students noticing similarities? Are they focusing on a particular subject that they find interesting?
• Observe students as they formulate additional questions for research. Are their questions appropriate for finding the information needed for their diary entries? Are students formulating questions with ease or do they require assistance in formulating questions?
• Observe students as they engage in research on the web. Are students locating information with ease? Are they using their worksheets to record and organize information?
• Assess students’ writing, research, and critical thinking skills through the use of the Teacher Rubric: Student Diary Entries .
• Students will reflect on their work by completing an end-of-unit Self-Assessment: What Did I Learn?
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Educircles.org

LOST AT SEA activity (FREE Critical Thinking Lesson Plans)

Lost at Sea Critical Thinking activity last updated Oct 7, 2021:

The Lost at Sea Activity is a fantastic team-building activity. 

Lost at Sea is a classic activity that can be found all across the Internet.

We’ve adapted it in our CRITICAL THINKING lesson plans to help teachers introduce the idea of criterion based decision making

Plus, we made the activity look visually appealing for school. Check it out!

Psst. it’s free 2 hours and 101 slides / pages of free content.

The original activity comes from PACE: Profession of Arms Centre of Excellence which is a dedicated champion to strengthening Air Force culture. 

• The Pace website provides a variety of tools on their teamwork page . 
• These include a series of TEAMBUILDER activities including the  original “Lost at Sea” activity

Information presented on AF.mil is considered public information.

AF.mil is provided as a public service by the Office of the Secretary of Air Force (Public Affairs). Information presented on AF.mil is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credits is requested. SOURCE: https://www.af.mil/Disclaimer/

So, in this Educircles version of Lost at Sea, this activity has been adapted to highlight the importance of criteria based thinking (critical thinking), instead of relying solely on emotional intuitive responses.

In the original activity:

• Students are divided into groups. 
• They are given a hypothetical scenario where they are on a yacht in the middle of the ocean. 
• The yacht catches on fire and the students are given a list of 15 items that they need to rank in order of importance. 
• At the end, the answers are given. (Rankings provided by an expert, in this case, the US Coast Guard) 

The original goal according to PACEsetter is a tabletop scenario designed to 

• “help individuals work together in a time constrained environment, 
• collaborate on how a project should best be accomplished and 
• experience pressure to go along with the crowd and see the consequences.” 

Lost at Sea is also a fantastic opportunity to help us think more critically.

In this Educircles version, we suggest three strategies to help students think more critically:

Use criteria 

Be open-minded.

• Be full minded  (have lots of high quality information to help make an informed decision)

We have adapted the original activity for students as follows:

• We provide a high-interest, visually appealing slideshow to introduce and explain the activity, objects, and answers to students.
• We explain with images and words what each of the 15 items are.
• We provide student worksheet that allows students to record their ranking based on their individual thinking, group thinking  and  based on criteria.

At the end of the activity, we invite students to think about strategies that might help them to 

• trick other people, and 
• think about strategies that might help them to think more critically.

Ultimately, the goal is to begin a conversation about what critical thinking is, and what it is not.

Critical Thinking Strategies used in the Lost at Sea Activity

• After students have had an opportunity to rank the 15 items based on their individual ideas, and group ideas, students are then given the criteria that the experts used.
• Criteria are a set of rules that we can use to help us make decisions. 
• In this case, the criteria (according to the US Coast Guard) are to select objects that 1) attract attention to ourselves, and 2)help us to stay alive until we are rescued. 
• in any group scenario, team members can disagree because they’re coming from different perspectives. 
• In critical thinking, it’s important to be able to stay open-minded and accept that other people’s points of view might be equally valid and deserve careful consideration.
• In fact in this scenario, some objects can be used in different ways – and depending on how they are used, they might be rank higher or lower. 
• It’s up to the students to try to remain open-minded and consider opposing points of view. 
• For example, the oil and gas mixture could be used as fuel for an engine. However, the criteria is not to try to get the land, but to stay alive until we are rescued. So from that perspective the oil and gas mixture might not be very useful. 
• On the other hand, the oil and gas mixture can be lit and create a visible signal that can be seen from far away. In this case, this item becomes incredibly useful under the goal of attracting attention to ourselves.

Be full minded (have lots of high quality information to help you make an informed decision)

• One of the challenges of this activity is that students don’t always know what all the items are, or why they might be significant. 
• In our slideshow, we explain what each item is and we provide a little bit of background information to help students make an informed decision about how to use the item. 

LOST AT SEA ACTIVITY LESSON PLAN:

Note:  the slides from this Taste of Critical Thinking come from our larger “ Exploring the 6Cs – Chapter 6 Critical Thinking ” lesson package, specifically the following slides:  1-35, 36-80, 97-101

How to make informed decisions (Critical Thinking Lesson Plans)

Critical thinking lesson plans help students make informed decisions by using strategies: use criteria, be open minded, identify bias, etc. Learn More

LOST AT SEA – DAY/LESSON 1 – Introduction / Lost at Sea Activity (slides 1-35) – 45 MIN 

• Introduce concept of Critical Thinking (slides 1-7) – 5 min
• MINDS ON! Brainstorm strategies to trick people / think critically (slide 8) – 5 min
• Introduction of scenario (slides 9-17) – 5 minutes
• Explanation of handout / items (slides 18-33) – 5 min
• Independent work period (slide 34) – 5 min
• Step 2: IN GROUPS (slide 35) – 20 minutes

LOST AT SEA – DAY/LESSON 2 –  Lost at Sea Activity continued (slides 36-80) – 55 MIN

• Explain criteria (slides 36-39) – 5 min
• Review items (slides 40-54) – 5 min
• Work Period (slide 56) 10 min
• Instructions (slide 57-58)
• Answers with explanations (slides 59-73)
• Step 5: Calculate Individual Scores
• Step 6: Calculate Group Scores
• Step 7: Calculate Criteria Scores
• Discussion (slide 78-79) – 5 min
• Reflection: Brainstorm strategies to trick people / think critically (slide 80) – 5 minutes
• Discussion: Obstacles and strategies (slides 81-85) – 5 minutes

How do you do the Lost at Sea activity with your students?

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Educationise

11 Activities That Promote Critical Thinking In The Class

Ignite your child’s curiosity with our exclusive “Learning Adventures Activity Workbook for Kids” a perfect blend of education and adventure!

Critical thinking activities encourage individuals to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information to develop informed opinions and make reasoned decisions. Engaging in such exercises cultivates intellectual agility, fostering a deeper understanding of complex issues and honing problem-solving skills for navigating an increasingly intricate world.

Through critical thinking, individuals empower themselves to challenge assumptions, uncover biases, and constructively contribute to discourse, thereby enriching both personal growth and societal progress.

Critical thinking serves as the cornerstone of effective problem-solving, enabling individuals to dissect challenges, explore diverse perspectives, and devise innovative solutions grounded in logic and evidence. For engaging problem solving activities, read our article problem solving activities that enhance student’s interest.

52 Critical Thinking Flashcards for Problem Solving

What is Critical Thinking?

Critical thinking is a 21st-century skill that enables a person to think rationally and logically in order to reach a plausible conclusion. A critical thinker assesses facts and figures and data objectively and determines what to believe and what not to believe. Critical thinking skills empower a person to decipher complex problems and make impartial and better decisions based on effective information.

More Articles from Educationise

• 10 Innovative Strategies for Promoting Critical Thinking in the Classroom
• How to Foster Critical Thinking Skills in Students? Creative Strategies and Real-World Examples
• 9 Must-Have AI Tools for Teachers to Create Interactive Learning Materials
• The Future of Education: 8 Predictions for the Next Decade
• The Latest in EdTech: 5 Innovative Tools and Technologies for the Classroom
• 8 Free Math Problem Solving Websites and Applications

Importance of Acquiring Critical Thinking Skills

Critical thinking skills cultivate habits of mind such as strategic thinking, skepticism, discerning fallacy from the facts, asking good questions and probing deep into the issues to find the truth. Acquiring critical thinking skills was never as valuable as it is today because of the prevalence of the modern knowledge economy.

Today, information and technology are the driving forces behind the global economy. To keep pace with ever-changing technology and new inventions, one has to be flexible enough to embrace changes swiftly.

Today critical thinking skills are one of the most sought-after skills by the companies. In fact, critical thinking skills are paramount not only for active learning and academic achievement but also for the professional career of the students.

The lack of critical thinking skills catalyzes memorization of the topics without a deeper insight, egocentrism, closed-mindedness, reduced student interest in the classroom and not being able to make timely and better decisions.

Incorporating critical thinking lessons into the curriculum equips students with the tools they need to navigate the complexities of the modern world, fostering a mindset that is adaptable, inquisitive, and capable of discerning truth from misinformation.

Benefits of Critical Thinking for Students

Certain strategies are more eloquent than others in teaching students how to think critically. Encouraging critical thinking in the classroom is indispensable for the learning and growth of the students. In this way, we can raise a generation of innovators and thinkers rather than followers. Some of the benefits offered by thinking critically in the classroom are given below:

• It allows a student to decipher problems and think through the situations in a disciplined and systematic manner
• Through a critical thinking ability, a student can comprehend the logical correlation between distinct ideas
• The student is able to rethink and re-justify his beliefs and ideas based on facts and figures
• Critical thinking skills make the students curious about things around them
• A student who is a critical thinker is creative and always strives to come up with out of the box solutions to intricate problems

Read our article: How to Foster Critical Thinking Skills in Students? Creative Strategies and Real-World Examples

• Critical thinking skills assist in the enhanced student learning experience in the classroom and prepares the students for lifelong learning and success
• The critical thinking process is the foundation of new discoveries and inventions in the world of science and technology
• The ability to think critically allows the students to think intellectually and enhances their presentation skills, hence they can convey their ideas and thoughts in a logical and convincing manner
• Critical thinking skills make students a terrific communicator because they have logical reasons behind their ideas

Critical Thinking Lessons and Activities

11 Activities that Promote Critical Thinking in the Class

We have compiled a list of 11 critical thinking activities for students that will facilitate you to promote critical thinking abilities in the students. By incorporating these activities, educators can introduce real-world examples of critical thinking in the classroom, empowering students to apply these skills in everyday situations.

We have also covered problem solving activities that enhance student’s interest in our another article. Click here to read it.

1. Worst Case Scenario

Divide students into teams and introduce each team with a hypothetical challenging scenario. Allocate minimum resources and time to each team and ask them to reach a viable conclusion using those resources.

The scenarios can include situations like stranded on an island or stuck in a forest. Students will come up with creative solutions to come out from the imaginary problematic situation they are encountering. Besides encouraging students to think critically, this activity will enhance teamwork, communication and problem-solving skills of the students.

This critical thinking activity not only pushes students to devise innovative solutions in challenging scenarios but also strengthens their teamwork, communication, and problem-solving abilities, making it an engaging and educational experience.

Read our article: 10 Innovative Strategies for Promoting Critical Thinking in the Classroom

2. If You Build It

It is a very flexible game that allows students to think creatively. To start this activity, divide students into groups. Give each group a limited amount of resources such as pipe cleaners, blocks, and marshmallows etc.

Every group is supposed to use these resources and construct a certain item such as building, tower or a bridge in a limited time. You can use a variety of materials in the classroom to challenge the students. This activity is helpful in promoting teamwork and creative skills among the students.

Incorporating critical thinking games like this into your classroom not only promotes teamwork and creativity but also challenges students to think outside the box as they work together to build their structures.

It is also one of the classics which can be used in the classroom to encourage critical thinking. Print pictures of objects, animals or concepts and start by telling a unique story about the printed picture. The next student is supposed to continue the story and pass the picture to the other student and so on.

This engaging exercise is one of the most effective critical thinking activities for kids, as it encourages them to use their creativity and problem-solving skills while working together to construct innovative structures with limited resources.

4. Keeping it Real

In this activity, you can ask students to identify a real-world problem in their schools, community or city. After the problem is recognized, students should work in teams to come up with the best possible outcome of that problem.

5. Save the Egg

Make groups of three or four in the class. Ask them to drop an egg from a certain height and think of creative ideas to save the egg from breaking. Students can come up with diverse ideas to conserve the egg like a soft-landing material or any other device. Remember that this activity can get chaotic, so select the area in the school that can be cleaned easily afterward and where there are no chances of damaging the school property.

6. Start a Debate

In this activity, the teacher can act as a facilitator and spark an interesting conversation in the class on any given topic. Give a small introductory speech on an open-ended topic. The topic can be related to current affairs, technological development or a new discovery in the field of science. Encourage students to participate in the debate by expressing their views and ideas on the topic. Conclude the debate with a viable solution or fresh ideas generated during the activity through brainstorming.

7. Create and Invent

This project-based learning activity is best for teaching in the engineering class. Divide students into groups. Present a problem to the students and ask them to build a model or simulate a product using computer animations or graphics that will solve the problem. After students are done with building models, each group is supposed to explain their proposed product to the rest of the class. The primary objective of this activity is to promote creative thinking and problem-solving skills among the students.

8. Select from Alternatives

This activity can be used in computer science, engineering or any of the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) classes. Introduce a variety of alternatives such as different formulas for solving the same problem, different computer codes, product designs or distinct explanations of the same topic.

Form groups in the class and ask them to select the best alternative. Each group will then explain its chosen alternative to the rest of the class with reasonable justification of its preference. During the process, the rest of the class can participate by asking questions from the group. This activity is very helpful in nurturing logical thinking and analytical skills among the students.

9. Reading and Critiquing

Present an article from a journal related to any topic that you are teaching. Ask the students to read the article critically and evaluate strengths and weaknesses in the article. Students can write about what they think about the article, any misleading statement or biases of the author and critique it by using their own judgments.

In this way, students can challenge the fallacies and rationality of judgments in the article. Hence, they can use their own thinking to come up with novel ideas pertaining to the topic.

10. Think Pair Share

In this activity, students will come up with their own questions. Make pairs or groups in the class and ask the students to discuss the questions together. The activity will be useful if the teacher gives students a topic on which the question should be based.

For example, if the teacher is teaching biology, the questions of the students can be based on reverse osmosis, human heart, respiratory system and so on. This activity drives student engagement and supports higher-order thinking skills among students.

11. Big Paper – Silent Conversation

Silence is a great way to slow down thinking and promote deep reflection on any subject. Present a driving question to the students and divide them into groups. The students will discuss the question with their teammates and brainstorm their ideas on a big paper.

After reflection and discussion, students can write their findings in silence. This is a great learning activity for students who are introverts and love to ruminate silently rather than thinking aloud.

Incorporating critical thinking activities for high school students, like silent reflection and group brainstorming, encourages deep thought and collaboration, making it an effective strategy for engaging both introverted and extroverted learners.

Finally, for students with critical thinking, you can go to GS-JJ.co m to customize exclusive rewards, which not only enlivens the classroom, but also promotes the development and training of students for critical thinking.

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4 thoughts on “ 11 Activities That Promote Critical Thinking In The Class ”

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Thanks for the great article! Especially with the post-pandemic learning gap, these critical thinking skills are essential! It’s also important to teach them a growth mindset. If you are interested in that, please check out The Teachers’ Blog!

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Classroom Q&A

With larry ferlazzo.

In this EdWeek blog, an experiment in knowledge-gathering, Ferlazzo will address readers’ questions on classroom management, ELL instruction, lesson planning, and other issues facing teachers. Send your questions to [email protected]. Read more from this blog.

Eight Instructional Strategies for Promoting Critical Thinking

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(This is the first post in a three-part series.)

The new question-of-the-week is:

What is critical thinking and how can we integrate it into the classroom?

This three-part series will explore what critical thinking is, if it can be specifically taught and, if so, how can teachers do so in their classrooms.

Today’s guests are Dara Laws Savage, Patrick Brown, Meg Riordan, Ph.D., and Dr. PJ Caposey. Dara, Patrick, and Meg were also guests on my 10-minute BAM! Radio Show . You can also find a list of, and links to, previous shows here.

You might also be interested in The Best Resources On Teaching & Learning Critical Thinking In The Classroom .

Current Events

Dara Laws Savage is an English teacher at the Early College High School at Delaware State University, where she serves as a teacher and instructional coach and lead mentor. Dara has been teaching for 25 years (career preparation, English, photography, yearbook, newspaper, and graphic design) and has presented nationally on project-based learning and technology integration:

There is so much going on right now and there is an overload of information for us to process. Did you ever stop to think how our students are processing current events? They see news feeds, hear news reports, and scan photos and posts, but are they truly thinking about what they are hearing and seeing?

I tell my students that my job is not to give them answers but to teach them how to think about what they read and hear. So what is critical thinking and how can we integrate it into the classroom? There are just as many definitions of critical thinking as there are people trying to define it. However, the Critical Think Consortium focuses on the tools to create a thinking-based classroom rather than a definition: “Shape the climate to support thinking, create opportunities for thinking, build capacity to think, provide guidance to inform thinking.” Using these four criteria and pairing them with current events, teachers easily create learning spaces that thrive on thinking and keep students engaged.

One successful technique I use is the FIRE Write. Students are given a quote, a paragraph, an excerpt, or a photo from the headlines. Students are asked to F ocus and respond to the selection for three minutes. Next, students are asked to I dentify a phrase or section of the photo and write for two minutes. Third, students are asked to R eframe their response around a specific word, phrase, or section within their previous selection. Finally, students E xchange their thoughts with a classmate. Within the exchange, students also talk about how the selection connects to what we are covering in class.

There was a controversial Pepsi ad in 2017 involving Kylie Jenner and a protest with a police presence. The imagery in the photo was strikingly similar to a photo that went viral with a young lady standing opposite a police line. Using that image from a current event engaged my students and gave them the opportunity to critically think about events of the time.

Here are the two photos and a student response:

F - Focus on both photos and respond for three minutes

In the first picture, you see a strong and courageous black female, bravely standing in front of two officers in protest. She is risking her life to do so. Iesha Evans is simply proving to the world she does NOT mean less because she is black … and yet officers are there to stop her. She did not step down. In the picture below, you see Kendall Jenner handing a police officer a Pepsi. Maybe this wouldn’t be a big deal, except this was Pepsi’s weak, pathetic, and outrageous excuse of a commercial that belittles the whole movement of people fighting for their lives.

I - Identify a word or phrase, underline it, then write about it for two minutes

A white, privileged female in place of a fighting black woman was asking for trouble. A struggle we are continuously fighting every day, and they make a mockery of it. “I know what will work! Here Mr. Police Officer! Drink some Pepsi!” As if. Pepsi made a fool of themselves, and now their already dwindling fan base continues to ever shrink smaller.

R - Reframe your thoughts by choosing a different word, then write about that for one minute

You don’t know privilege until it’s gone. You don’t know privilege while it’s there—but you can and will be made accountable and aware. Don’t use it for evil. You are not stupid. Use it to do something. Kendall could’ve NOT done the commercial. Kendall could’ve released another commercial standing behind a black woman. Anything!

Exchange - Remember to discuss how this connects to our school song project and our previous discussions?

This connects two ways - 1) We want to convey a strong message. Be powerful. Show who we are. And Pepsi definitely tried. … Which leads to the second connection. 2) Not mess up and offend anyone, as had the one alma mater had been linked to black minstrels. We want to be amazing, but we have to be smart and careful and make sure we include everyone who goes to our school and everyone who may go to our school.

As a final step, students read and annotate the full article and compare it to their initial response.

Using current events and critical-thinking strategies like FIRE writing helps create a learning space where thinking is the goal rather than a score on a multiple-choice assessment. Critical-thinking skills can cross over to any of students’ other courses and into life outside the classroom. After all, we as teachers want to help the whole student be successful, and critical thinking is an important part of navigating life after they leave our classrooms.

‘Before-Explore-Explain’

Patrick Brown is the executive director of STEM and CTE for the Fort Zumwalt school district in Missouri and an experienced educator and author :

Planning for critical thinking focuses on teaching the most crucial science concepts, practices, and logical-thinking skills as well as the best use of instructional time. One way to ensure that lessons maintain a focus on critical thinking is to focus on the instructional sequence used to teach.

Explore-before-explain teaching is all about promoting critical thinking for learners to better prepare students for the reality of their world. What having an explore-before-explain mindset means is that in our planning, we prioritize giving students firsthand experiences with data, allow students to construct evidence-based claims that focus on conceptual understanding, and challenge students to discuss and think about the why behind phenomena.

Just think of the critical thinking that has to occur for students to construct a scientific claim. 1) They need the opportunity to collect data, analyze it, and determine how to make sense of what the data may mean. 2) With data in hand, students can begin thinking about the validity and reliability of their experience and information collected. 3) They can consider what differences, if any, they might have if they completed the investigation again. 4) They can scrutinize outlying data points for they may be an artifact of a true difference that merits further exploration of a misstep in the procedure, measuring device, or measurement. All of these intellectual activities help them form more robust understanding and are evidence of their critical thinking.

In explore-before-explain teaching, all of these hard critical-thinking tasks come before teacher explanations of content. Whether we use discovery experiences, problem-based learning, and or inquiry-based activities, strategies that are geared toward helping students construct understanding promote critical thinking because students learn content by doing the practices valued in the field to generate knowledge.

An Issue of Equity

Meg Riordan, Ph.D., is the chief learning officer at The Possible Project, an out-of-school program that collaborates with youth to build entrepreneurial skills and mindsets and provides pathways to careers and long-term economic prosperity. She has been in the field of education for over 25 years as a middle and high school teacher, school coach, college professor, regional director of N.Y.C. Outward Bound Schools, and director of external research with EL Education:

Although critical thinking often defies straightforward definition, most in the education field agree it consists of several components: reasoning, problem-solving, and decisionmaking, plus analysis and evaluation of information, such that multiple sides of an issue can be explored. It also includes dispositions and “the willingness to apply critical-thinking principles, rather than fall back on existing unexamined beliefs, or simply believe what you’re told by authority figures.”

Despite variation in definitions, critical thinking is nonetheless promoted as an essential outcome of students’ learning—we want to see students and adults demonstrate it across all fields, professions, and in their personal lives. Yet there is simultaneously a rationing of opportunities in schools for students of color, students from under-resourced communities, and other historically marginalized groups to deeply learn and practice critical thinking.

For example, many of our most underserved students often spend class time filling out worksheets, promoting high compliance but low engagement, inquiry, critical thinking, or creation of new ideas. At a time in our world when college and careers are critical for participation in society and the global, knowledge-based economy, far too many students struggle within classrooms and schools that reinforce low-expectations and inequity.

If educators aim to prepare all students for an ever-evolving marketplace and develop skills that will be valued no matter what tomorrow’s jobs are, then we must move critical thinking to the forefront of classroom experiences. And educators must design learning to cultivate it.

So, what does that really look like?

Unpack and define critical thinking

To understand critical thinking, educators need to first unpack and define its components. What exactly are we looking for when we speak about reasoning or exploring multiple perspectives on an issue? How does problem-solving show up in English, math, science, art, or other disciplines—and how is it assessed? At Two Rivers, an EL Education school, the faculty identified five constructs of critical thinking, defined each, and created rubrics to generate a shared picture of quality for teachers and students. The rubrics were then adapted across grade levels to indicate students’ learning progressions.

At Avenues World School, critical thinking is one of the Avenues World Elements and is an enduring outcome embedded in students’ early experiences through 12th grade. For instance, a kindergarten student may be expected to “identify cause and effect in familiar contexts,” while an 8th grader should demonstrate the ability to “seek out sufficient evidence before accepting a claim as true,” “identify bias in claims and evidence,” and “reconsider strongly held points of view in light of new evidence.”

When faculty and students embrace a common vision of what critical thinking looks and sounds like and how it is assessed, educators can then explicitly design learning experiences that call for students to employ critical-thinking skills. This kind of work must occur across all schools and programs, especially those serving large numbers of students of color. As Linda Darling-Hammond asserts , “Schools that serve large numbers of students of color are least likely to offer the kind of curriculum needed to ... help students attain the [critical-thinking] skills needed in a knowledge work economy. ”

So, what can it look like to create those kinds of learning experiences?

Designing experiences for critical thinking

After defining a shared understanding of “what” critical thinking is and “how” it shows up across multiple disciplines and grade levels, it is essential to create learning experiences that impel students to cultivate, practice, and apply these skills. There are several levers that offer pathways for teachers to promote critical thinking in lessons:

1.Choose Compelling Topics: Keep it relevant

A key Common Core State Standard asks for students to “write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.” That might not sound exciting or culturally relevant. But a learning experience designed for a 12th grade humanities class engaged learners in a compelling topic— policing in America —to analyze and evaluate multiple texts (including primary sources) and share the reasoning for their perspectives through discussion and writing. Students grappled with ideas and their beliefs and employed deep critical-thinking skills to develop arguments for their claims. Embedding critical-thinking skills in curriculum that students care about and connect with can ignite powerful learning experiences.

2. Make Local Connections: Keep it real

At The Possible Project , an out-of-school-time program designed to promote entrepreneurial skills and mindsets, students in a recent summer online program (modified from in-person due to COVID-19) explored the impact of COVID-19 on their communities and local BIPOC-owned businesses. They learned interviewing skills through a partnership with Everyday Boston , conducted virtual interviews with entrepreneurs, evaluated information from their interviews and local data, and examined their previously held beliefs. They created blog posts and videos to reflect on their learning and consider how their mindsets had changed as a result of the experience. In this way, we can design powerful community-based learning and invite students into productive struggle with multiple perspectives.

3. Create Authentic Projects: Keep it rigorous

At Big Picture Learning schools, students engage in internship-based learning experiences as a central part of their schooling. Their school-based adviser and internship-based mentor support them in developing real-world projects that promote deeper learning and critical-thinking skills. Such authentic experiences teach “young people to be thinkers, to be curious, to get from curiosity to creation … and it helps students design a learning experience that answers their questions, [providing an] opportunity to communicate it to a larger audience—a major indicator of postsecondary success.” Even in a remote environment, we can design projects that ask more of students than rote memorization and that spark critical thinking.

Our call to action is this: As educators, we need to make opportunities for critical thinking available not only to the affluent or those fortunate enough to be placed in advanced courses. The tools are available, let’s use them. Let’s interrogate our current curriculum and design learning experiences that engage all students in real, relevant, and rigorous experiences that require critical thinking and prepare them for promising postsecondary pathways.

Critical Thinking & Student Engagement

Dr. PJ Caposey is an award-winning educator, keynote speaker, consultant, and author of seven books who currently serves as the superintendent of schools for the award-winning Meridian CUSD 223 in northwest Illinois. You can find PJ on most social-media platforms as MCUSDSupe:

When I start my keynote on student engagement, I invite two people up on stage and give them each five paper balls to shoot at a garbage can also conveniently placed on stage. Contestant One shoots their shot, and the audience gives approval. Four out of 5 is a heckuva score. Then just before Contestant Two shoots, I blindfold them and start moving the garbage can back and forth. I usually try to ensure that they can at least make one of their shots. Nobody is successful in this unfair environment.

I thank them and send them back to their seats and then explain that this little activity was akin to student engagement. While we all know we want student engagement, we are shooting at different targets. More importantly, for teachers, it is near impossible for them to hit a target that is moving and that they cannot see.

Within the world of education and particularly as educational leaders, we have failed to simplify what student engagement looks like, and it is impossible to define or articulate what student engagement looks like if we cannot clearly articulate what critical thinking is and looks like in a classroom. Because, simply, without critical thought, there is no engagement.

The good news here is that critical thought has been defined and placed into taxonomies for decades already. This is not something new and not something that needs to be redefined. I am a Bloom’s person, but there is nothing wrong with DOK or some of the other taxonomies, either. To be precise, I am a huge fan of Daggett’s Rigor and Relevance Framework. I have used that as a core element of my practice for years, and it has shaped who I am as an instructional leader.

So, in order to explain critical thought, a teacher or a leader must familiarize themselves with these tried and true taxonomies. Easy, right? Yes, sort of. The issue is not understanding what critical thought is; it is the ability to integrate it into the classrooms. In order to do so, there are a four key steps every educator must take.

• Integrating critical thought/rigor into a lesson does not happen by chance, it happens by design. Planning for critical thought and engagement is much different from planning for a traditional lesson. In order to plan for kids to think critically, you have to provide a base of knowledge and excellent prompts to allow them to explore their own thinking in order to analyze, evaluate, or synthesize information.
• SIDE NOTE – Bloom’s verbs are a great way to start when writing objectives, but true planning will take you deeper than this.

QUESTIONING

• If the questions and prompts given in a classroom have correct answers or if the teacher ends up answering their own questions, the lesson will lack critical thought and rigor.
• Script five questions forcing higher-order thought prior to every lesson. Experienced teachers may not feel they need this, but it helps to create an effective habit.
• If lessons are rigorous and assessments are not, students will do well on their assessments, and that may not be an accurate representation of the knowledge and skills they have mastered. If lessons are easy and assessments are rigorous, the exact opposite will happen. When deciding to increase critical thought, it must happen in all three phases of the game: planning, instruction, and assessment.

TALK TIME / CONTROL

• To increase rigor, the teacher must DO LESS. This feels counterintuitive but is accurate. Rigorous lessons involving tons of critical thought must allow for students to work on their own, collaborate with peers, and connect their ideas. This cannot happen in a silent room except for the teacher talking. In order to increase rigor, decrease talk time and become comfortable with less control. Asking questions and giving prompts that lead to no true correct answer also means less control. This is a tough ask for some teachers. Explained differently, if you assign one assignment and get 30 very similar products, you have most likely assigned a low-rigor recipe. If you assign one assignment and get multiple varied products, then the students have had a chance to think deeply, and you have successfully integrated critical thought into your classroom.

Thanks to Dara, Patrick, Meg, and PJ for their contributions!

Please feel free to leave a comment with your reactions to the topic or directly to anything that has been said in this post.

Consider contributing a question to be answered in a future post. You can send one to me at [email protected] . When you send it in, let me know if I can use your real name if it’s selected or if you’d prefer remaining anonymous and have a pseudonym in mind.

You can also contact me on Twitter at @Larryferlazzo .

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• Feb 4, 2023

15 Thought-Provoking Questions for High School Students to Spark Critical Thinking

Thought-provoking questions are a great way to challenge and engage high school students. These types of questions encourage critical thinking, promote self-reflection, and spark meaningful conversations. Here are some thought-provoking questions for high school students:

What is the meaning of life?

What is the biggest challenge facing our generation?

How do we define success?

What is the most important thing you have learned in life so far?

If you could change one thing about the world, what would it be?

What role does technology play in our lives?

How do our experiences shape who we are?

How do we find balance in a fast-paced world?

What is the most valuable lesson you have learned from failure?

How do we determine right from wrong?

What do you believe is the key to happiness?

What is the purpose of education?

How do we create a better future for ourselves and future generations?

What does it mean to be a good leader?

What is the most important thing you want to achieve in your lifetime?

Encouraging students to think deeply about these questions can help them develop their own values and beliefs, and prepare them for the challenges of adulthood. Whether through class discussions, writing assignments, or one-on-one conversations, asking thought-provoking questions is a valuable tool for high school teachers and mentors.

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Critical Thinking Skills Guide

Critical thinking is important. Generally speaking, critical thinking refers to the ability to understand the logical connections between ideas. When a person understands these connections, it makes it easier to construct logical arguments based on those ideas. It also becomes easier to evaluate the arguments that other people make to see if those arguments are based on sound reasoning.

Since critical thinking involves connecting important concepts and ideas, critical thinkers often find it easier to solve problems in a systematic fashion. Critical thinkers can also prioritize which ideas are most relevant to their own arguments.

From this general idea of what critical thinking involves, it should be easy to see why critical thinking would be important to students. Students who become critical thinkers are better equipped to deal with a wide range of problems that they encounter in school.

These students are better able to build new concepts upon previous ideas that they’ve learned. This is a useful skill throughout school. Advanced mathematics are built upon simpler math ideas. Science experiments require basic understanding of various substances used in the lab. Advanced argumentation is rooted in the simple ability to identify information that supports the argument’s basic premise.

Despite all the potential advantages that may come with possessing critical skills, these skills are not themselves taught directly in school. Such skills may be inadvertently taught during the course of various lessons and school work but, for the most part, critical thinking skills aren’t typically directly addressed.

There are no classes committed to teaching critical thinking skills alone, leading teachers across multiple subjects to have to find ways of integrating critical thinking into their lessons independently.

Critical Thinking by the End of High School

Entering college, students have hopefully learned several advanced critical thinking skills that will support them through their college work. Specifically, there are six critical thinking skills that will support upper high school students and college students. These skills can help students to perform better in a range of subjects.

Identification

Identification is important to critical thinking because it refers to the ability for a student to identify the existing problem and what factors impact that problem. This first critical thinking skill is what gives students the ability to see the scope of the problem and start thinking about how to solve the issue.

In a new situation, learners ask what the problem is, why it might be happening, and what the outcome is. From this initial set of questions, they come to an understanding of the problem’s scope and potential solutions.

Research of a problem cannot begin until identification has taken place. Once identification occurs, a learner can start researching that problem. How much research is necessary will depend on the scope of the problem. Mathematical problems, for instance, may rely on researching examples of the problem and reviewing more fundamental formulas.

More complex problems, such as addressing large social issues, still rely on the same process of understanding the scope of the issue and identifying what materials need to be referenced to address the problem. Research is also important when it comes to understanding claims.

Students should be able to hear a statement, question it, and verify that statement using objective evidence discovered through research. This is in contrast to the uncritical response of simply accepting the statement.

Identifying Biases

Identifying bias is one of the more difficult skills for students to grasp. Everyone has bias, including students themselves. A learner needs to be able to identify bias in the materials that they’re looking at that might impact what’s being written. Authors may write things that favor a certain point of view, which would impact how much a reader could trust the material.

On the other hand, students should also be able to examine their own biases. It’s important not to write in favor of one’s own view, which becomes increasingly important as a person progresses upward in their studies through higher education. It’s important for students to challenge their own perspectives but also to challenge the evidence that they read.

Making Inferences

The ability to make inferences is a critical skill for students to learn as they learn how to analyze data and piece together information. During the course of putting together information, it’s always important to learn how to draw conclusions based on that information.

Students need to be able to look at a body of evidence and make a determination of what that data might mean. Not all inferences will be correct, so students also need to be able to reassess their inferences as new data comes up or as existing evidence is reassessed.

Determining Relevance

To make correct inferences and formulate arguments, students need to be able to determine the relevance of the information that they receive. This is not an issue of examining bias so much as being able to identify the information that’s appropriate to solving a problem or making an argument.

This is particularly important as students get into more advanced areas of research. For instance, as students start getting asked to write papers, they need to be able to search through primary and secondary documents that can support their argument.

The more skilled that a student becomes at being able to determine the relevance of these documents, the less time students will have to spend sorting through irrelevant documents that don’t support their research.

Perhaps counterintuitively, it’s also important for people to learn how to curb their curiosity. Curiosity is important in that it drives research and exploration of a topic. However, consistent with the need to determine relevance is the need to identify where to end a line of inquiry.

Curiosity can send people exploring any number of topics during research that only burns time instead of informing a student’s research. The more skilled a student becomes at learning how to end certain paths of research the more they can focus on supporting their studies and finding evidence that will work in their research.

Teaching Critical Thinking Skills

Actually teaching critical thinking skills is something that teachers have instincts about and teach inadvertently without actually understanding how their lessons actually impact those skills. In truth, teachers should try to make critical thinking integral to their instructional design.

Almost any instructor can begin teaching critical thinking by simply modeling the behavior for their students. They can assess information, its sources, and its biases. But to get in-depth critical thinking skills, teachers also need to present broad problems and scenarios that students need to explore for themselves.

By presenting a problem or scenario that needs to be addressed and allowing students time to debate the issue, they can be guided to see the value of other arguments while learning how to construct their own arguments.

This is also a process through which students can learn how to identify information that will help them present those arguments. Teachers can also provide feedback on these arguments to help students improve their research and argumentation process in the future.

Another important part of teaching critical thinking skills includes asking questions. The questioning approach helps students to reassess their own perspectives and the evidence of others. When bringing up a topic or problem, instructors should ask some of the following:

• What do you think about this issue and why do you think that?
• Where did you get your information on this issue and why do you believe it?
• What is the implication of what you’ve learned and what conclusions can be reached?
• How do you view the problem and your information, and what other view could you take on it?

The importance in these lines of questions is to make students consider their own perspectives as well as contrary evidence. By asking these questions, students get to reevaluate what they believe and questions whether they actually should believe it. Sometimes people hold certain beliefs without truly understanding why they believe it.

By asking questions about one’s own knowledge, it becomes possible to understand one’s own knowledge base more deeply and discard information that may be inaccurate or too heavily biased.

There are also writing activities that teachers can use as well. During writing, students can be asked to write freely about any number of topics. The point of this free writing session is to let students arrive at a conclusion about what they believe about a topic. This isn’t a critical thinking phase of writing but is instead simply meant to allow student freedom to reach a conclusion about what they believe.

After the student has freely explored the topic, they move onto the critical thinking phase of their writing project. At this stage, the student begins to examine what sort of biases impacted the position they took on the topic and review their conclusions. The student determines whether their inferences were accurate.

This is essentially a reflective period in which students need to refine their writing and attack their own work to make it better while continually asking themselves whether their evidence is sound and whether their biases impacted the final work.

Critical Thinking Barriers

There are often several barriers that keep students from fully developing critical thinking skills. Ironically, one of the biggest problems to critical thinking is the existing curriculum a school is using. Particularly when curriculum is heavily standardized, it makes it difficult for teachers to find opportunities to teach critical thinking.

Too heavy of a focus on teaching standardized tests, including curriculum oriented toward making sure that students hit certain test scores, often means heavily fact based teaching that expects rote memorization. This leads to few chances to actually ask open questions in which students can question their knowledge base and critically assess a given situation.

There are, of course, other barriers to critical thinking. Sometimes, the problem lies with the fact that teachers are simply unused to teaching these skills. Partly as a result of feeling pressured to achieve highly standardized test scores, teachers often focus too much on fact teaching and rarely get into asking the sort of open ended questions that can help to cultivate critical thinking.

However, even when they have the opportunity to do so, teachers sometimes lack the training necessary to encourage critical thinking among students. Teachers may know many activities to teach students with without a concrete idea of how each contributes to the development of such skills. Teachers tend to be trained in how to pass along content rather than encouraging critical thinking.

One of the major problems that teachers face is an issue of time. Teaching content knowledge or teaching to the test involves passing along content that can help teachers teach the information that will help students pass their exams. Passing along vast quantities of information for rote memorization can be done efficiently by simply giving students lots of information to learn.

A significant amount of information can be passed along within a class when teaching an exam, but it’s much harder to teach critical thinking skills. Teaching critical thinking, on the other hand, requires instructors to set aside extensive periods of time to question and debate. Considering that teachers already struggle sometimes to fit in all of their activities, it’s difficult to ask them to accommodate large periods of time for passing along critical thinking skills.

Creatively finding solutions to this problem requires teachers finding small periods in which to fit in critical thinking discussions, perhaps through the use of smaller question and answer activities during lectures. Or, teachers can try to change the format of their classes completely to make them more hands on, engaging environments in which critical thinking is ongoing.

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April 1, 2022

Building Stronger Critical Thinking Skills With Mysteries

Who doesn’t love mysteries? They spark our curiosity, leave us eager to learn the answers, and make us feel proud when we figure out a piece of the puzzle. Mysteries are especially popular with kids; there’s a reason why there are so many book series and pieces of media about kids and teenagers who solve mysteries without help from adults.

The good news is that mysteries can also be an excellent educational tool. When boiled down to the essentials, mysteries pose a question, and sleuths find an answer. This is the same principle used in math, science, and even reading comprehension. When educators incorporate the mystery genre into their teaching, they can boost students’ critical thinking skills in a way that is fun and engaging.

Classroom Activities for Critical Thinking With Mysteries

So, how do you incorporate mysteries into your classroom? One of the most popular ways is through classroom games. Set up mysteries for students to solve, pair up investigative teams, or explore practices like evidence collection and interpretation. You can also incorporate programs or lesson plans themed around mysteries. Some ideas that you can work into your classroom include:

• Fingered Felons. Create a mystery to solve in your own classroom. Hide a “stolen object,” and then have students determine how to find clues that would lead them to the culprit. You can help them make their own fingerprints with the use of tape, paper, and a No. 2 pencil. Then bring the stolen object back, and encourage them to match the fingerprints found on it to the samples collected; they will do this by analyzing unique fingerprint patterns and shapes. Use the Touch N Go website to show kids the different fingerprint patterns. This is a great game for Grades 3 to 8.
• Mysteries in the Bag. Bring in a bag of random items. Together, with the rest of the class, come up with a story that includes every item in that bag. From there, formulate a mystery that asks, “Who, what, when, where, and why?” It’s a backwards way of forming a mystery, but it will help boost students’ creativity and critical thinking.
• History’s Mysteries. History’s Mysteries was a program on the History Channel that covered some of the mysteries and strange occurrences throughout history, including the Salem witch trials, alchemy, the Bible, and famous court cases. Have your middle or high school class research and propose mysteries of the past that History’s Mysteries could use as a theme if the show were still on the air.
• Secret Agent Stan. Secret Agent Stan is an old gumshoe who now works for a national crime solving organization and is having a difficult time adjusting. Recently, he lost his ID number. Using his log from past cases, students from Grades 3-8 can help figure out Stan’s new ID before he gets in trouble with his supervisor.
• Whodunnit? This is an excellent lesson plan to get elementary students invested in mysteries. It begins with language arts: read a mystery with your class, and discuss the different elements of the mystery: the crime, the clues, the suspects, the sleuths, and the reveals. From there, assign students to write their own mysteries. Once that’s finished, students can incorporate forensic science by making pieces of evidence like lip prints and shoe tracks.
• Murder Mystery. Engage your students at any age by allowing them to solve a murder mystery. Write out an introduction to the scene of the crime, and come up with clues. Give each student one clue, which they will then share with the class in order to collaborate in solving the mystery. You can break them up into groups and reorder the groups until each student has heard every clue. However, the students will be the ones to lead this game, working together to interpret the clues and solve the mystery.

Why Critical Thinking Matters

It’s probable that only a small percentage of your students — if any — will grow up to become detectives who solve their own mysteries. But that doesn’t mean that they can’t benefit from these mystery activities in the classroom. Critical thinking is an invaluable skill that can equip students for just about any career path, as well as help them navigate through daily life. It can be taught on some level in almost any grade and has innumerable benefits. Just a few of those benefits include:

• Deeper learning. Critical thinking encourages reflective reasoning and stronger analytical skills. Simply put, it helps students get more out of the classroom material. They’re better able to understand, and reading comprehension is likely to rise with higher critical thinking.
• Internally motivated problem solvers. As your students’ critical thinking grows, they will begin to see the world around them as a puzzle in some ways. They will constantly be on the lookout for creative solutions to problems. These problem-solving and nuanced evaluation skills will serve them in almost every aspect of their lives, as will the self-discipline that comes with this type of motivation.
• Academic achievement. When students strengthen their critical thinking skills, what they’re doing at the most basic level is developing their core reasoning. This is essential to their understanding of the material the teacher presents in class. Students with strengthened critical thinking tend to perform better in academic settings.
• Increased creativity. Critical thinking is thinking deeply, considering elements of a problem that might not be immediately obvious or may seem a little out of the box. Creativity functions in much the same way. So, it’s no wonder that critical thinking boosts creativity, whether for a future career or just for a hobby.
• Future success. Critical thinking prepares students to think more deeply and more strategically in a way that will help them in their future career path. Beyond just work, critical thinking can also help them navigate relationships and life decisions they will have to make long after they leave school.

Mysteries can be a fun game, a puzzle for students to solve. The more they solve those puzzles, however, the stronger their critical thinking will become. And the stronger their critical thinking, the more prepared they’ll be to tackle real-life puzzles.

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• I am a Teacher or Teacher leader
• I am a District or School Administrator or Leader

The Moscow Education Foundation is very excited and pleased to announce the awarding of academically-based grants to the following teachers:

Prior Awardees: 

2023-24 2nd Term – Spring

• Paul Brandenstein, Paradise Creek Regional High School, economics supplemental books
• Cyndi Faircloth, Moscow Middle School, wooden looms for foreign language projects
• Ruby Jackson, Paradise Creek Regional High School, support outdoor elective course
• Soona Schmidt, Moscow Middle School, earbuds for students 6th thru 8th grade
• Brian Smith / Jenni Hightower, Paradise Creek Regional High School, support student-led education in social skills

2023-24 1st Term – Winter

• Faye Nagler, elementary schools librarian: update globes, selves and browsing bins in all elementary school libraries.
• Megan Bueller, Lena Whitmore: “A New Home for Rusty” will create a self-sustaining classroom pet project for Rusty, the 2nd grade’s bearded dragon. There will be a new, larger terrarium, a self-sustaining garden and three self-sustaining insect-growing modules.
• Rebecca Sager, West Park. Imaginative play materials
• Leah Villegas, West Park. Imaginative play and adaptive skills materials.

2023-24 1st Term – Fall

During the current school year (thru 10 Dec.) the MEF has awarded grants to these teachers/schools to enhance learning opportunities for Moscow School District students:

• Joint grant to Chimena Zarija (teacher-librarian) / Dina Espy, (Spanish & world languages teacher), Moscow High School (MHS). Update world-language and Spanish resources in the MHS library and in the classroom
• Doug Ackley, MHS PE instructor. Purchase a set of 30 National Outdoor Leadership School books on wilderness medicine for MHS Outdoor Education class.
• Carly Bean, Extended Learning Facilitator & BearMUN Advisor, MHS. Funds for student travel and scholarship for regional Model UN conference in Seattle.
• Andrea Falk, Lena Whitmore Music Specialist. Purchase a large specialty carpet for music room to replace the current too-small and inappropriately-constructed carpet.
• Randi Frederick, electives teacher, Moscow Middle School (MMS). Update outdated equipment to allow yearbook students to photograph and print pictures with fewer technical difficulties.
• Alex Grieg, social studies teacher, MHS. Purchase additional grade-appropriate reading and curricular material about WW 1
• Lindsey Lee, 4th grade teacher, Lena Whitmore. Support of Knitting Club by buying supplies and facilitating service learning
• Faye Nagler, Enrichment Specialist, West Park. Develop STEAM, robotics and computer science literacy
• Ana Payne, West Park Title 1 teacher. Purchase of developmentally-approproate chairs for the Title 1 classroom.
• Meghan Raney, counselor, Lena Whitmore. Support the formation of an art club at Lena for 3rd-5th grade students
• Kathy Stefani, A.B. McDonald. Purchase baritone ukeleles for ukelele orchestra
• John Thill, teacher and coach, MMS. Support of sports/video broadcasting elective at MMS

Spring 2021

• Sheryl Gomez, McDonald: $500 for development of a classroom store for special education students.  Students will be able to earn “money” (realistic simulated money) by helping in the classroom and doing extra chores.  They will then learn to spend money (counting correctly), pay, and make correct change.  
• Doug Ackley, MHS: $554.70 to purchase instructional materials to support self-defense instruction which is designed to enhance self-confidence, increase situational awareness, develop more informed decision making, and conflict resolution skills, and as a last resort, physical defense of self or others.  
• Faye Nagler, Russell: $600 for a revitalization of the classic literature collection (much in need of updating and replacement)  
• Patty Pancheri, McDonald: $564.46 for the purchase of book bags, bookmarks, and leveled books to read over the summer for students to who have received extra support in reading throughout the year.  

2020 and earlier

• Kendra McMillan, Lena: $430 for two Chrome Books to be checked out to families to support academics—home/school connection
• Brian Smith, West Park: $500 to purchase math and language arts manipulative materials to be sent home for families to enhance academics in the home environment and support the home/school connection.  Math kits; magnetic letters and numbers; etc.
• Carly Bean, MHS: $600 to help support the digital participation in the Pacific Model United Nations Conference.  It is exciting that students are referred to as “delegates,” who will work on group communication, conflict resolution, consensus building, critical thinking, public speaking, and listening skills while addressing real world problems.  This is a wonderful opportunity for participants! So glad they have been able to make this digital!
• Jana Horne, McDonald: $480 to purchase Seesaw Plus for Online Learning to support academic areas of math, reading, writing, science, social studies, and social/emotional learning for primary students. Excellent opportunity to enhance the home/school connection.
• Jayne Ching Hui Wang, Lena: $233 to purchase Multicultural Books (biographies, nonfiction, fiction) for first graders.  The topic of celebrating and appreciating diversity is so important, and first grade is a great time for this area of focus!
• Lisa Belknap, Lena: $225 to purchase materials for development of an online Virtual Art Gallery to support the academic areas of art, science, reading and math for third graders. Wonderful opportunity to enhance the home/school connection!
• Kara Ardern: Math Power Packs, West Park: $585 to purchase take home math kits for Title I students to develop number sense and mathematical thinking.  This offers an excellent opportunity to strengthen the home school connection for students in grades K-2.
• Tiffany Ringo, Lena:—$424 to purchase academic Osmo games for third graders.  This purchase enables each student to work with Osmo without sharing—critically important in the era of Covid!
• Erik Brynestad, MHS: $599.41 for purchase of High interest, low readability books for special education students.  
• Melissa Kirkland, MHS: $143.68 in resources for Advanced Speech students to build an in class library for the purpose of enhancing public speaking skills.  
• Paula Karr, Lena: $332.47 to purchase resources for an after school Board Game Club for students in grades 2-5.  Board games encourage appropriate social interaction, critical thinking, problem solving, and enhancement of reading and math skills.  
• Kathy Stefani, McDonald: $500 for the purchase of ukuleles to replace those that are permanently damaged.
• Matthew Pollard, PCRHS: $585.40 for the purchase of Straw Rocket Launchers for your Mission to Mars Challenge.   We are pleased to support learning in the areas of engineering, science, and art (to some degree!). Good luck and happy launching! 
• Matthew Haley and Harper Wallins, MMS: $500 for the purchase of supplies to support your bi-cultural communication project with students from India.  It is impressive that the entire social studies department is participating.  We believe this will improve students’ literacy skills, and even some art!  We also believe that this project will help our students realize differences and similarities among us all–and hopefully gain an appreciation of another culture.  We like the idea of helping our students to become global thinkers and to make the countries of the world seem a bit more connected.
• Lacey Watkins, Title I: $338.75 for the purchase of multicultural dolls for kindergarten students.  We are hopeful that students will gain an awareness and appreciation of other cultures.  I know it is sometimes difficult to measure success with kindergarteners, but I would love to hear about those “teachable moments,” and student comments that indicate alliance with your objectives.  We appreciate your efforts to make students more globally aware at a very young age.
• Kathy Baxter, PCRHS: $600 for the purchase of Sphero Robots for your STEM project.  We are pleased to support learning in the areas of technology, engineering, science, and problem solving.  We like the collaboration component whereby students at PCRHS will teach students at Lena Whitmore and donate the robots to STEM teacher Janice Weesner.
• Faye Nagler, District Elementary Librarian: $600 for the purchase of state reference books for all elementary libraries.  We understand there will be a  focus on 3rd-5th grade social studies curriculum (with an emphasis on 5th grade).  We understand that the books will be stored at Lena Whitmore but will be shared easily among schools through interlibrary loan–I am sure they will be needed by all.
• Kathy Vietmeier, West Park: $600 for the purchase of an iPad and three Sphero robots to help students increase their understanding of computer coding and the connection of math skills (geometry and measurement) to real world problem solving. We are pleased that this STEM opportunity will benefit all three 2nd grade classrooms at West Park Elementary.
• Carly Bean, MHS: $600 to help support the travel of 45 students to the Pacific Model United Nations Conference in Seattle.  It is exciting that students are referred to as “delegates,” who will work on group communication, conflict resolution, consensus building, critical thinking, public speaking, and listening skills while addressing real world problems.  This is a wonderful opportunity for participants!
• Michelle Tanner and Sam Hoogsteen, Moscow High School teachers, were each awarded $500 for the purchase of multiple copies of the book, Boys in the Boat to extend a meaningful learning opportunity to U.S. History students.  This book offers a deeper understanding of the period in our country’s history prior to the onset of World War II.
• Luella Stelck, Lena Whitmore teacher, was awarded $500 to support Lena’s STEAM Day event. (STEAM=Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics)  Items needed for hands-on learning will be purchased for this exciting day of learning about integrated subjects and future career possibilities.
• Doug Ackley, MHS teacher, awarded $500 for supporting an extension to the Fundamentals of Fitness course.  This extension will provide an opportunity to a targeted group of students who would derive benefit in the areas of self-defense and dance.  The instruction is designed to result in a “reduced anxiety” learning situation, and to offer a lifetime of benefit.  Doug is supporting students who require a differentiated instructional opportunity.
• JoyAnn Riley, new MHS teacher, was awarded $250 to purchase instructional posters in the areas of literature, grammar, punctuation, essay writing, and more.  These resources will provide students instant information that can be referred to again and again.
• Pepper Abbott and Ashely Payton, McDonald teachers, were each awarded $459.80 for the purchase of Hokki stools to enable their “wiggle worm” learners to be able to move and learn simultaneously.  These personalized seating options have proven effective for children who have great difficulty sitting still and focusing.
•  Melica Haarr, Lena teacher, was awarded $500 to support special needs learners in the area of physical education.   Lesson plans by Tasks Galore will be purchased to help students gain independence and a sense of success that will extend beyond physical education into classroom learning and their futures.
• Mary Kay Merten, Moscow High School Special Education Teacher: $442 for two charging stations to support the use of Chrome Books for online academic remediation and digital agendas to enhance student/parent/teacher communication.
• Melissa Kirkland, Moscow High School Speech Teacher: $136 for purchase of Yeti Podcasting Mics to enable students to have a more professional experience when recording their individual podcasts.
• Janice Weesner, Lena Whitmore Elementary School Third Grade Teacher: $500 to support an after-school STEAM Club (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) for 3 rd graders.  Students will engage in  STEAM investigations, learn about STEAM professions, and how STEAM efforts contribute to society.
• Jim Rizzuto, Paradise Creek Regional High School: $496 to support the Bicycle Mechanics Proficiency Program, whereby all PCRHS students will gain skills in the areas of health, math, engineering, and safety, as well as problem solving.
• Faye Nagler, Russell Elementary School Librarian:  $500 to support the purchase of updated social studies books for the Russell School Library. The focus will be for revitalizing the United States and State of Idaho geography and history reference section for students in grades 3-5.
• Doris Wear, Moscow High School Librarian: $289 to support the formation of a Student Productivity Center in the High School Bear Library. Purchases include a binding machine, multi-page hole punch, and paper cutter to support students in the development of professional products for required assignments and projects.
• Carly Bean, Moscow High School Extended Learning Teacher: $500 to enable selected students to participate in the Model United Nations Conference in Seattle.  This program enhances student problem solving skills in alignment with current global issues and provides meaningful real-life preparation for the future.
• Paula Karr: $370 to support a West Park kindergarten and second grade buddy system designed to reinforce mathematical concepts.
• Kathy Stefani: $500 to support vocal opportunities for McDonald intermediate students.
• Faye Nagler: $398.99 to support West Par first and second graders in learning and utilizing computer programming and coding to gain knowledge and conceptual awareness in the areas of science, technology, engineering design, and math.

We’re excited to have celebrated another semester of truly amazing teachers and their commitment to Moscow’s students. Another round of grant opportunities will be offered in November, so please let your staff know! More information to come as soon as school resumes in the fall.

Interested in helping or becoming part of the foundation.

Individuals and businesses can donate to the 501(c)(3) public charity.

Glancing Back... to our youth...

Click on the links below (  or  ) to see more pictures and information.

The commencement program.

Reunion Pic   Reunion Pic   Reunion Pic     Reunion Pic   Reuniion   Reuniion     Reuniion   Rafting   Rafting                                   Farther Back....   **           **     **         **   **       **                     ** ADDED - JULY 2010 **             - April 18, 2019 - Remembering Wayne was my best friend from second grade (our class photo below) through high school. He was very intelligent, but without guile or complications, and always a good friend. : Remember Mr Stephenson, the sience teacher in Junior high?  Poor guy, we gave him lynigitis and he guit teaching. Two score years and forty-nine days ago we were involved in the culminating act of our years together in the Moscow School system. Graduation!!! I had to look in my old Bear Tracks to find that Dean Phillip C. Petersen delivered the commencement address, but boy, I'm hard pressed to remember what he said. I do remember singing "No Man Is an Island" with the Choralaires , under the direction of H. James Schoepflin. And I have a vague memory of walking across the stage, shaking someone's hand and receiving a diploma. I've heard it said that if you remember the '60s you weren't there, maybe I was only half there. I do remember in the sixth grade in the Whitworth School (1912 building) that it was more interesting watching and hearing the woodpeckers drumming on the steeple of the old Swedish Lutheran Church than it was to pay attention to what Mrs. LaFollette was trying to drill into my thick skull. It was quite entertaining in physics class to watch Emery Barrus pretending to blow his nose on his shirttail. That drove poor Mrs. Day wild. I could only take so much of that, physics that is, so transferred into Chorolaires at the semester break. It seems like a funny thing to do for a kid who wanted to go on to be a high school science teacher! Speaking about one's aim in life, I recall an incident that took place in the first grade. In the Russell School, the boy's bathrooms had the old style urinals extended upwards from the floor to about as high as a first grader is tall (at that time I never understood the need for walk-in urinals). After a vigorous recess we always headed for the lavatory before returning to class. Side by side doing our thing I heard someone yelp, "that kid peed on my foot". Glancing down I was shocked as I discovered I was the guilty one. Perhaps this is why Ken Caldwell and I weren't the closest of friends throughout our twelve years of school. I really think I did apologize, Ken! : No, I don't remember the name of my school bus (#10?) BUT I do remember our bus driver, Fred Horning. He was truly a laid-back, cool man. I was on the fringe end of the bus route. If my sisters or I weren't out by the road, Fred would still stop and wait. If he saw this was going to take awhile, he had a stool which he got out. Along with a rag and some Windex, he'd wash the windows of the bus while my sisters and I got our bodies out there. I have 8mm movies to prove that! Amazing! Also, in the Fall when there were apples on the trees along the road, Fred would stop, let all of us out to pick an apple. Then, we could eat them on the bus. Have times ever changed! Remember the school bus skating parties in Lewiston? Those were fun. Also, does anyone remember Mr. Gould? " ": Watching in fascination as Bruce Davey flipped his front teeth in and out of place over and over and over again in US history as he sat in the front row and stared at Mrs. Schuette. Must have been a bit distracting for her! : I have a million memories.... John Weber's '50 Studebaker without doors and his instant acceptance and friendship for the kid from down south, playing city league basketball in the old gym, Michelle....., the "contest" and trying to keep up with Tash, fishing on the Little Joe, sneaking out for a beer before we could face typing class, diving into snowbanks, painting the water tower, that fantastic '64 football team and coach Scott, M-club initiation (nobody could get away with that today!!), Morris breaking Bruce's nose between class, walking down to the bakery shop over lunch break, sloe gin, Shakey's pizza, the drive-in and trying to clean up Dave's mom's car the next day (what was she thinking letting us take her car?), Spring skiing at Sun Valley, hookey-bobbing around town, cruising main street.... I tell stories about some of the crazy things we did and nobody believes them!! Thank you all so much for enriching my life....and helping me live through it!! : " ": One time I stopped by to see a friend. There were some other girls there, and we sat around the table talking. There was one girl, though, who hovered behind me and said, "How would you like to have your hair cut?" Snip. Well, I really hadn't planned on having my hair cut that day. I mean, I didn't know it was on my agenda for that day. She didn't wait for me to say, "Yes", "No", "Let me think about it", or "Over my dead body". I think it is possible, though, that I may have said something like "uh" or "um", or something along that line. I was so stunned that I think I may have been comatose for a moment or two. However, I couldn't very well go around with my hair long on one side and with a short bob on the other side, so I ended up with a short haircut that I hadn't planned on. But, it was kind of funny. Kind of. Sort of. In a way. I guess. Maybe. I do know she meant well. She had good intentions. She simply felt she must intervene on my behalf. My hair must go! And it did. : and the library, i.e., the limburger cheese in the heat vents, the alarm clock, the penny nailed to the floor and the condom (I think we called them something else) tacked to the bulletin board. Although Miss Gehrke probably received more than her fair share of attention, seems that fell victim to at least one other memorable incident, the "centerfold" in the pull-down map. As a group, there was certainly no shortage of creativity. Is it possible that we had some kind of strange affection for Maybelle Gehrke? I mean, personally, I wouldn't give someone I did not like the time of day. Most of us play practical jokes on those we consider friends, not people we dislike. I believe that if a student needed help, Miss Gehrke would be the first in line. In fact, I think there is at least one graduate in the class of '64 that would not have received a diploma had it not been for Maybelle Gehrke. has no doubt forgotten. Dick had stopped by the house one day. As we were talking I just happen to have a pellet gun in hand and without thinking, 'POP' right on the butt. He took verbal exception and referred to me as the close relative to some female dog among other things, but never mentioned it again. Time passed and it was history, at least for me. Apparently, not for Dick. He was again at the house and oblivious to me, grabbed that pellet gun and 'ZAP' right in the same place. Revenge was his. The pain subsided shortly and I really didn't give it much more thought. Turn about is fair play. Right? A few days later I catch a glimpse of my rear in the bathroom mirror. A perfectly round unbelievably purple bruise 4 - 5 inches in diameter. The next time I see Nelson, I advise him of my rather bizarre bruise. He says, "Ya, I know." . and . By the way, for those of you that also made that bus ride every day, do you remember the name of your bus? : Who can possibly forget Maybelle Gehrke??? So many memories and most of them so politically incorrect.... Being chained in the library; having live chickens with you while chained in the library; getting the "evil eye stare" for whistling softly under your breath (over and over and over); seeing how many spitwads in takes to fill one of the "upside down" bowls on the ceiling lights; over the course of an hour, seeing how many books you can creatively "re-file" in new and interesting locations; being summoned into the back-room for a serious heart to heart talk; being banished next door to the study hall where nothing interesting happens..... Those were the days!! : Does anybody remember Mr. Shane? MJHS 7th grade ALL girl Math class! That poor man, I've always wondered if that was a planned thing, wonder if that's why he left the school district?? We should have given him a "survivor" award! Sure was fun though and he was a super guy! Skyscrapers Apartments for Sale Apartments for Rent Houses for Sale Houses for Rent Luxury Real Estate Mansions in Russia Palaces in Russia Watch Video Residence permit in Russia The best international schools in Moscow 8 months ago Embark on an educational journey in Moscow with a selection of elite schools catering to diverse needs. From the British-focused MCS, offering personalized bilingual education, to Riverside School’s immersive English environment in the picturesque Novogorsk, each institution stands out. Brookes School Moscow, part of a global network, promises quality education in a central location. Russian International School, combining Russian and British curricula, ensures holistic development. Whether it’s “Classika” emphasizing language proficiency or the innovative “Tomorrow’s School” with a unique biblical approach, Moscow’s educational landscape is rich and varied, ready to shape students for success on the global stage. Explore the options and discover the perfect fit for your child’s academic journey. Let’s explore the top 11 schools in Moscow that meet the best criteria.      Advantages of the school: – Students begin learning English from an early age, not only as a subject but as the primary means of instruction and communication. – The program offers a comprehensive international-level education starting from kindergarten. – Qualified teachers from English-speaking countries are involved in the teaching process. – Small class sizes (up to 14 students) allow for individualized learning. – The school provides additional activities such as drawing, dance, ballet, football, chess, jiu-jitsu, fencing, robotics, diving, vocal training, graphic design, and animation. – Infrastructure: Modern campuses equipped for comfortable and engaging learning. Campuses are located in Skolkovo (western Moscow near the Skolkovo innovation center), Festivalnaya (northern Moscow near Rechnoy Vokzal metro station), and a campus in St. Petersburg near the Gulf of Finland. British International School BIS is one of the oldest international schools in Moscow, providing high-class education and a comprehensive approach for children aged 3 to 18. Over 2000 students have graduated from the school, gaining admission to leading universities in Russia and worldwide. The school operates two departments: – International Department: Education follows the best traditions of British schools based on the National Curriculum of England and the pre-university IB Diploma program. – Russian Department: Education aligns with Federal State Educational Standards. English is intensively studied, and students can choose a second foreign language (French, Spanish, German, or Chinese). BIS holds an “Excellent” rating in every category according to the British Schools Overseas inspection.    Features: – International accreditations (ECIS, CIS, COBIS). – Six schools in different areas of Moscow. – Class sizes up to 15 students. – Large team of qualified teachers. – Over 25 school clubs including 3D modeling, programming, chess, ballet, mental arithmetic, martial arts, fashion design, etc. – Comprehensive approach including school bus services, extended day programs, and psychological and speech therapy services.    Licenses and Certificates: – Moscow Department of Education and Science License. – Edexcel Approved Centre Accreditation. – Cambridge International Examinations Accreditation. – IBO Accreditation. – ECIS Membership Accreditation and Certificate. – CIS Membership Accreditation and Certificate. British School MCS British School MCS focuses on the individual development of each student, offering a diverse range of courses and a creative atmosphere – fulfilling expectations of what parents seek from British schools. MCS provides bilingual education, skillfully combining British educational programs and Russian Federal State Educational Standards (FGOS). Graduates receive two diplomas.    Key Features: – Modern and high-quality education comparable to private English schools. – Emphasis on developing critical thinking, curiosity, and increasing academic motivation through solving non-standard tasks. – Full-day school with teaching based on individual educational routes, along with pedagogical and psychological support for each student. – Balanced workload, collaboration of psychologists, educators, healthcare professionals, and a tailored schedule contribute to effective learning of both programs without mental exhaustion. – Certificates such as A-levels, GCSE, and/or Cambridge CAE are awarded, granting the right to university admission in any English-speaking country. Riverside School Riverside School is a bilingual primary school located in the Moscow suburbs, in Novogorsk. It simultaneously follows British national and Russian educational programs. The British program includes Key Stage 1 (ages 5–7, grades 1–2) and Key Stage 2 (ages 7–12, grades 3–6). Alongside the British program, children undergo Russian primary education based on FGOS.    Advantages: – Full immersion in an English-language environment. – Experienced English-speaking educators in the English department. – Wide range of extracurricular activities: sports (swimming, tennis, football, wrestling, skiing, golf), creative workshops (drawing, dance, music, theater), intellectual development clubs (chess, robotics). – Professional security and daily bus transportation. – Extended school hours until 20:00 with various activities and amenities for children.    Location: Riverside School is situated in a nature conservation zone in the Skhodnya River valley, surrounded by over 1 hectare of forest. Brookes School Moscow Brookes School Moscow is an international coeducational private school founded in 2018. All subjects are taught in English, and it is part of the Brookes Education Group with schools worldwide. The institution includes a preschool section for children aged 2 and a school for children aged 6 to 7. – Highly qualified teachers, many with advanced degrees. – Exchange programs with schools in the USA, Canada, UK, South Korea, India. – Healthy three-meal daily catering. – Convenient location in one of Moscow’s best districts. – School representatives assist with organizing accommodation in Moscow. Russian International School (RIS) RIS is an elite educational center offering dual programs: Russian and British national. The school features experienced educators from Russia and the UK, adhering to high standards in both Russian and British education.    Special Features: – Class sizes limited to 10 students. – Additional sections and workshops: ballet, karate, artistic gymnastics, football, Chinese martial arts, theatrical studio, chess, and English clubs. – Collaboration with British educational institutions, aiding with admissions and document processing. – Accreditation from the British Examination Commission (Edexcel Approved Centre) to prepare students for A-levels and GCSE. – Accreditation from Cambridge International Examinations, along with an educational license from the Russian Ministry of Education and state accreditation. Academic Gymnasium Academic Gymnasium offers preschool, primary, basic general, and secondary education according to the Russian educational program. It is also an ESOL center for conducting Cambridge English tests. Graduates successfully pass these tests, facilitating admission to foreign universities. – Extensive extracurricular activities, including excursions, clubs, conferences, roundtable discussions, Olympiads, research, sports sections, and competitions. – Options for full-time, homeschooling, part-time (external), and their combinations. – Educational program supplemented with individual subjects from Cambridge University. – Learning a second foreign language. – Accreditation and license for educational activities. – Certified Cambridge ESOL center. European Gymnasium European Gymnasium is one of the few international private schools in Russia using the International Baccalaureate (IB) program from grades 1 to 11. Children also follow the state educational program. In the primary school, the state program integrates with the PYP IBO approaches. From an early age, students deeply study English and begin learning a second foreign language. – Preparation for the IB and Russian exams on individual programs. – In-depth study of two foreign languages. – Students in middle and high school can choose the language of instruction: English or Russian. – Preparation for KET, PET, and FCE exams. – Authorization for all three IB programs: PYP, MYP, DP. – State accreditation and license. School of Tomorrow “School of Tomorrow” is a bilingual school based on biblical principles, using the proprietary teaching methodology created by Dr. Donald Howard. The approach involves individualized learning, allowing students to progress at their own pace.     Features: – Mandatory SAT and TOEFL testing for graduates. – Authorized to conduct Stanford testing since 2004. – Graduates easily pass the Russian Unified State Exam (EGE) and gain admission to top global universities. – Annual “School of Tomorrow” Olympiads with participants from various countries.     Licenses and Certificates: – NCPSA and Accreditation International certificates. – Fire safety declaration. – CITA accreditation. Marina International Private School Marina International Private School operates based on the federal program with a focus on mastering several foreign languages. Children start learning English from the 1st grade, and from the 4th grade, they choose French, Spanish, or German. In higher grades, a third foreign language is added to the curriculum. – Collaboration with leading universities in the country, British, Canadian, and American universities. – Educational exchanges and trips during holidays. – Participation and victories in Olympiads and project work competitions (including in India and California). – Marina, together with the California Theater, stages musicals in English. – License and accreditation for educational activities. – CIS (Council of International Schools) membership. – Conclusion C (unknown context). Related posts Property tax in russia. Moscow-City – The Moscow International Business Center Our Rating of the Best Districts of Moscow for Living In Join the discussion cancel reply. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Compare listings Reset Password Please enter your username or email address. You will receive a link to create a new password via email. Send a Request Ukraine war latest: Putin's huge air attacks 'cost more than £1bn' in one day Russia has launched several air attacks on Ukraine this week, costing Moscow a reported £1.1bn. Last night, Kyiv came under drone attack for the third night in four days, with debris injuring people and damaging buildings. Thursday 29 August 2024 13:55, UK Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player Monday's attacks on Ukraine 'cost Russia more than £1bn' Kyiv hit by third attack in four days as drone debris injures three Belarusian jet shot at stray Russian drone for first time, says monitoring group Ukraine heading 'closer and closer' to total blackout Battlefield situation: Latest frontlines in maps Watch: Who are Ukraine's secret resistance? Your questions answered: Strategic consequences for Ukraine if Pokrovsk falls Reporting by Mark Wyatt Ukraine is calling on the civilian population in its eastern city of Pokrovsk to evacuate as Russian troops draw closer to its outskirts. Readers have been sending in their questions to our senior correspondents and military experts for their take on what could happen next. Today, Malcolm asks: How serious is the situation in Pokrovsk? If the city falls to Russian forces, what are the strategic consequences for Ukraine? Military analyst Sean Bell says... It is very difficult to provide clarity over the tactical progress of the war given the relative paucity of detailed information about progress, challenges and opportunities.   However, it appears likely that Vladimir Putin's near-term objective of his "special military operation" is to secure Crimea, the Donbas and the land bridge between the two areas.   This summer, Russia's main effort appears to have been securing the final component of the Donbas, and despite the much-publicised casualty rate being suffered by Moscow's forces - more than 1,000 casualties a day - Russia continues to make slow but steady progress.   Pokrovsk is a strategically important logistics and transport hub for Ukrainian forces in the region, and Russian forces are now reported to be only six miles away from the town, leading the Ukrainians to evacuate the civilian population. The Russian president knows that it is very difficult to maintain momentum during the winter months, so he has perhaps 10 to 12 weeks available to achieve his objectives before the winter weather settles in.    If Russian forces can seize Pokrovsk before the winter, it is possible that Mr Putin will indicate he is ready to negotiate an end to the conflict.   Depending on the outcome of the forthcoming US presidential elections, that raises the prospect of Mr Putin being rewarded for his brutal invasion of Ukraine, which would have profound implications for global security. Ukraine's invasion of Russia's Kursk region will soon enter its fourth week, with around 500 square miles of territory captured so far, according to the head of Kyiv's military. Oleksandr Syrskyi said on Tuesday that around 100 settlements, including the town of Sudzha, were now under Ukraine's control. In one of his evening addresses this week, Volodymyr Zelenskyy said troops were still expanding their territory in the region. Here, we look at some key images from the start of the invasion into Kursk. Volodymyr Zelenskyy says Ukraine will not forgive Russia "for a single destroyed Ukrainian life" as the country marks the Day of Remembrance of Defenders of Ukraine. The holiday marks the 10th anniversary of the battle of Ilovaisk, where hundreds of Ukrainian soldiers were killed by Russian troops as they began to withdraw from the encircled town. "This was a planned, cynical Russian crime that Ukraine will never forget and will not leave unpunished," Mr Zelenskyy wrote on his Telegram channel. "Today, Ukraine honours the memory of all its defenders. All those who fought for our state, for Ukrainian independence and sacrificed the most precious thing – their lives. "And we will not forgive Russia for a single destroyed Ukrainian life." Ukraine was forced to disconnect several nuclear power units from the grid on Monday after Russia's widespread drone and missile attacks on the country. Kyiv's mission to the International Atomic Energy Agency has said the attack was intended to paralyse the operation of the power generation facilities of Ukraine. It added that the attacks posed a significant risk to the stable operation of nuclear facilities.  As a result of the attack, three out of four power units of the Rivne nuclear power plant were disconnected from the grid, it said. Another nuclear power plant, the South Ukrainian, was also forced to decrease its output "due to fluctuations in the national power grid". A fighter jet from Belarus attempted to shoot down a Russian drone that flew into the country's airspace this morning, a monitoring group has said. The Belarusian Hajun group said this is "probably the first recorded case of a Belarusian Air Force fighter attempting to destroy a military target in the sky". The group claims a Russian drone entered Belarus' airspace at around 3.30am local time (1.30am UK time), with two explosions heard in the country's Yelsk district around 30 minutes later. The drone was said to be a Shahed, also known as a "kamikaze drone". Sky News has not independently verified these claims. For context: Belarus and Russia share a land border and the two are considered close allies. When Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Belarus allowed Moscow to stage part of the invasion from its territory. In the wake of Ukraine's advances into the Russian region of Kursk this month, Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko he had stationed nearly a third of the country's armed forces along its Ukrainian border. Ukraine's allies must give Kyiv permission to use weapons to hit military targets in Russia "sooner rather than later", says one of the country's MPs. Volodymyr Zelenskyy has repeatedly asked Western leaders to let Ukraine use long-range weapons on Russian territory. During his nightly address yesterday, the president said such restrictions being lifted would "help us to end the war as soon as possible in a fair way for Ukraine and the world as a whole". This week, Sir Keir Starmer said there had been "no new decisions" on the matter, with German Chancellor Olaf Scholz saying the same yesterday in Berlin. Speaking on Sky News this morning, Ukrainian MP Kira Rudik said the situation across the country remains difficult and urged Kyiv's allies to speed up their decision-making process. She said: "It seems for us that the only way to defend our people and defend our territories is to be able to hit Russian missiles and Russian planes at the start of their launches, not when they are approaching our energy infrastructure or our homes.  "And this is why we need the ability to use long-range weapons to destroy Russia's ability to attack us.  "It's a pure act of defence. And we hope that, sooner rather than later, our allies will understand that." Russia is continuing its advances in the Donbas region as it seeks to capture the key city of Pokrovsk. Civilians are being evacuated from the city, with Volodymyr Zelenskyy warning the situation is "difficult". The map below shows Russia's gains on Ukrainian territory. On the eastern front, Ukraine's invasion of Russia's Kursk region is ongoing. There have been Russian reports this week that Ukraine has attempted to break into the neighbouring Belgorod region, with Moscow's defence ministry saying the situation "remains difficult but under control". The map below shows Ukraine's gains on Russian territory since its invasion of the border region began on 6 August.  A lioness with shell shock rescued from Ukraine has taken her first steps outside at a sanctuary in Kent. Yuna has psychological issues and coordination problems after debris landed near her enclosure in January, according to the Big Cat Sanctuary. The three-year-old arrived at the sanctuary on 17 August but stayed inside her enclosure for a week before finally venturing outside. She's now beginning to get used to her new life in the UK, feeling grass underneath her paws for the first time after spending much of her life confined to a small space on a concrete floor. The sanctuary said before Russia's invasion of Ukraine, she had been kept at a private home and was found malnourished and with severe concussion. Read more here ... Russia's attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure is taking the country "closer and closer" to a total blackout, says one of its MPs. Since the start of the full-scale invasion, Russia has caused £13.5bn of damage to Ukraine's energy infrastructure, the Kyiv School of Economics Institute estimates. Speaking on Sky News, Kira Rudik, who lives in Kyiv, says the city's homes do not have electricity for the "majority of the day". "Even right now, I'm speaking to you all being on a diesel generator," she said. "It's terrifying that still, by this point, we are unable to protect us from those vicious attacks in full. And Russia keeps bringing us closer and closer to that total blackout.  "How we are going to survive the winter is unclear right now, because the weather outside is still good. But once it gets colder and people start to consume more energy, we will not be able to handle it." Volodymyr Zelenskyy said in June that Russia had destroyed 80% of Ukraine's thermal energy generation and a third of its hydro generation. But this week, he declined to elaborate on what further damage Monday's strikes had caused. "I don't really like energy PR," he said. "It's not very helpful when the enemy knows what damage they have done.  "Let the information about the condition of our energy facilities and what we are currently doing there be kept quiet." The Polish prime minister, Donald Tusk, says Warsaw's allies have recommended it shows restraint over shooting down unidentified targets in its airspace. Poland said a drone had likely entered its airspace early on Monday morning during a Russian bombardment of Ukraine, with the object said to have flown 15 miles (25km) into Polish territory, after which it disappeared from radar. Mr Tusk was asked yesterday about the incident but said it was difficult to identify objects in real time. "The problem with shooting down is often of a different nature," he explained. "It is often a fraction of a second, which makes it impossible to check whether it is not a civilian object, whether it is not a stray plane." He added that Poland's allies had recommended some restraint over the matter and said he appreciated his country's military for their "reasonable, balanced position". "They are not interested in opening fire every time something moves in the sky," he said. Be the first to get Breaking News Install the Sky News app for free 366 IMAGES Critical Thinking strategies for students and teachers Tips and a free "cheat sheet" for incorporating critical thinking in Critical thinking is an essential skill for secondary students. Here's 4 Best Critical Thinking Activities for High School Critical Thinking Creative Thinking Lesson, Worksheets, Exercises for Critical Thinking Task Cards for Middle School & High School VIDEO Critical Thinking, part 2 Teacher De-Wokefies Student By Teaching Critical Thinking Critical Thinking Lesson (K3) Critical Thinking Critical Thinking Lesson 1 Critical Thinking Lesson 1 COMMENTS Critical Thinking Resources for High School Teachers Developing critical thinking abilities is a necessary skill for all high school students but teaching these skills is not the easiest task for high school teachers. Fortunately, there is a wealth of information online to provide teachers the resources needed for creating critical thinking lesson plans. Teaching Critical Thinking Skills in Middle and High School Helping Students Hone Their Critical Thinking Skills Used consistently, these strategies can help middle and high school teachers guide students to improve much-needed skills. 40 Critical Thinking Questions for High School Students Brain teasing critical thinking questions for high schoolers Critical thinking skills are essential for measuring the imagination and creativity of students. High school students are likely to use the new age information and influence of others when processing their thoughts. Critical Thinking Lesson Plans PDF: Middle School / High School Critical Thinking lesson plans (pdf), activities, worksheets, and strategies to help your Middle School and High School students make more informed decisions. 19 Short Stories and Questions For Critical Thinking Do you need go-to ideas for teaching short stories? Check out 19 Short Stories and Questions For Critical Thinking in the middle and high school classrooms! PDF Cognition: A Three-Lesson Unit Plan for High School Psychology Teachers Critical Thinking Exercise 3.1: Cognitive Bias at School The authors thank Teceta Thomas Tormala, PhD, of Palo Alto University and Melanie Wilcox, PhD, of Augusta University for their reviews of this lesson plan. Critical Thinking Lessons TED-Ed lessons on the subject Critical Thinking. TED-Ed celebrates the ideas of teachers and students around the world. Discover hundreds of animated lessons, create customized lessons, and share your big ideas. How to Teach Critical Thinking Knowing how to teach critical thinking is not always clear. Our lesson plans will help teachers build the critical thinking skills students need to be engaged citizens. Remodelled Lessons: High School The following links provide examples of remodeled lessons found in The Critical Thinking Handbook: High School. The basic idea behind lesson plan remodeling as a strategy for staff development in critical thinking is simple. Every practicing teacher works daily with lesson plans of one kind or another. Critical Thinking Bundle : Editable Lesson Plan for High School Get ready to ignite your students' passion with this comprehensive and engaging editable lesson plan bundle. This resource will make your life easier. Designed to meet the highest standards, this bundle will take your students on an exciting journey of critical thinking exploration. This bundle incl... High School Teachers High School Teachers While there are numerous resources on our website applicable to the high school educator, the following are among the most relevant pages and articles on incorporating critical thinking concepts into high school curricula. Multiple Perspectives: Building Critical Thinking Skills This lesson develops students' critical thinking skills through reading and interacting with multiple-perspectives texts. Students analyze selected texts, using metacognitive strategies such as visualizing, synthesizing, and making connections, to learn about multiple points of view. LOST AT SEA activity (FREE Critical Thinking Lesson Plans) We adapted the Lost at Sea activity in our FREE Critical Thinking lesson plans to help teach criteria-based decision making. Get the slideshow and handouts. 11 Activities That Promote Critical Thinking In The Class Discover 11 activities that promote critical thinking in the classroom! These interactive exercises will challenge your students to think creatively, problem-solve, and develop their analytical skills. Whether you're a teacher, parent, or education enthusiast, click now to learn how to foster critical thinking and engage your learners. Eight Instructional Strategies for Promoting Critical Thinking For example, many of our most underserved students often spend class time filling out worksheets, promoting high compliance but low engagement, inquiry, critical thinking, or creation of new ideas. 15 Thought-Provoking Questions for High School Students to Spark Thought-provoking questions are a great way to challenge and engage high school students. These types of questions encourage critical thinking, promote self-reflection, and spark meaningful conversations. Critical Thinking Skills Guide Critical Thinking by the End of High School Entering college, students have hopefully learned several advanced critical thinking skills that will support them through their college work. Specifically, there are six critical thinking skills that will support upper high school students and college students. Building Stronger Critical Thinking Skills With Mysteries Critical thinking encourages reflective reasoning and stronger analytical skills. Simply put, it helps students get more out of the classroom material. They're better able to understand, and reading comprehension is likely to rise with higher critical thinking. Internally motivated problem solvers. Grant Awards Board games encourage appropriate social interaction, critical thinking, problem solving, and enhancement of reading and math skills. Kathy Stefani, McDonald: $500 for the purchase of ukuleles to replace those that are permanently damaged. Moscow High School We invite Classmates of Moscow High School's 1965 class in Moscow Idaho to participate in this site. The Best International English Schools in Moscow in 2024 - Modern and high-quality education comparable to private English schools. - Emphasis on developing critical thinking, curiosity, and increasing academic motivation through solving non-standard tasks. - Full-day school with teaching based on individual educational routes, along with pedagogical and psychological support for each student. Ukraine war latest: Zelenskyy brands Putin 'sick old man' in video Russia and Ukraine have swapped 115 prisoners of war, including some who were captured during Ukraine's invasion in Kursk in recent weeks. In an independence day message to Ukrainians, Volodymyr ... assignment essay homework paper phd report resume review speech thesis