term paper on cultural diversity

Cultural Diversity Essay & Community Essay Examples

If you’ve started to research college application requirements for the schools on your list, you might have come across the “cultural diversity essay.” In this guide, we’ll explore the cultural diversity essay in depth. We will compare the cultural diversity essay to the community essay and discuss how to approach these kinds of supplements. We’ll also provide examples of diversity essays and community essay examples. But first, let’s discuss exactly what a cultural diversity essay is. 

The purpose of the cultural diversity essay in college applications is to show the admissions committee what makes you unique. The cultural diversity essay also lets you describe what type of “ diversity ” you would bring to campus.

We’ll also highlight a diversity essay sample for three college applications. These include the Georgetown application essay , Rice application essay , and Williams application essay . We’ll provide examples of diversity essays for each college. Then, for each of these college essays that worked, we will analyze their strengths to help you craft your own essays. 

Finally, we’ll give you some tips on how to write a cultural diversity essay that will make your applications shine. 

But first, let’s explore the types of college essays you might encounter on your college applications. 

Types of College Essays

College application requirements will differ among schools. However, you’ll submit one piece of writing to nearly every school on your list—the personal statement . A strong personal statement can help you stand out in the admissions process. 

So, how do you know what to write about? That depends on the type of college essay included in your college application requirements. 

There are a few main types of college essays that you might encounter in the college admissions process. Theese include the “Why School ” essay, the “Why Major ” essay, and the extracurricular activity essay. This also includes the type of essay we will focus on in this guide—the cultural diversity essay. 

“Why School” essay

The “Why School ” essay is exactly what it sounds like. For this type of college essay, you’ll need to underscore why you want to go to this particular school. 

However, don’t make the mistake of just listing off what you like about the school. Additionally, don’t just reiterate information you can find on their admissions website. Instead, you’ll want to make connections between what the school offers and how you are a great fit for that college community. 

“Why Major” essay

The idea behind the “Why Major ” essay is similar to that of the “Why School ” essay above. However, instead of writing about the school at large, this essay should highlight why you plan to study your chosen major.

There are plenty of directions you could take with this type of essay. For instance, you might describe how you chose this major, what career you plan to pursue upon graduation, or other details.

Extracurricular Activity essay

The extracurricular activity essay asks you to elaborate on one of the activities that you participated in outside of the classroom. 

For this type of college essay, you’ll need to select an extracurricular activity that you pursued while you were in high school. Bonus points if you can tie your extracurricular activity into your future major, career goals, or other extracurricular activities for college. Overall, your extracurricular activity essay should go beyond your activities list. In doing so, it should highlight why your chosen activity matters to you.

Cultural Diversity essay

The cultural diversity essay is your chance to expound upon diversity in all its forms. Before you write your cultural diversity essay, you should ask yourself some key questions. These questions can include: How will you bring diversity to your future college campus? What unique perspective do you bring to the table? 

Another sub-category of the cultural diversity essay is the gender diversity essay. As its name suggests, this essay would center around the author’s gender. This essay would highlight how gender shapes the way the writer understands the world around them. 

Later, we’ll look at examples of diversity essays and other college essays that worked. But before we do, let’s figure out how to identify a cultural diversity essay in the first place. 

How to identify a ‘cultural diversity’ essay

So, you’re wondering how you’ll be able to identify a cultural diversity essay as you review your college application requirements. 

Aside from the major giveaway of having the word “diversity” in the prompt, a cultural diversity essay will ask you to describe what makes you different from other applicants. In other words, what aspects of your unique culture(s) have influenced your perspective and shaped you into who you are today?

Diversity can refer to race, ethnicity, first-generation status, gender, or anything in between. You can write about a myriad of things in a cultural diversity essay. For instance, you might discuss your personal background, identity, values, experiences, or how you’ve overcome challenges in your life. 

However, don’t feel limited in what you can address in a cultural diversity essay. The words “culture” and “diversity” mean different things to different people. Above all, you’ll want your diversity essays for college to be personal and sincere. 

How is a ‘community’ essay different? 

A community essay can also be considered a cultural diversity essay. In fact, you can think of the community essay as a subcategory of the cultural diversity essay. However, there is a key difference between a community essay and a cultural diversity essay, which we will illustrate below. 

You might have already seen some community essay examples while you were researching college application requirements. But how exactly is a community essay different from a cultural diversity essay?

One way to tell the difference between community essay examples and cultural diversity essay examples is by the prompt. A community essay will highlight, well, community . This means it will focus on how your identity will shape your interactions on campus—not just how it informs your own experiences.

Two common forms to look out for

Community essay examples can take two forms. First, you’ll find community essay examples about your past experiences. These let you show the admissions team how you have positively influenced your own community. 

Other community essay examples, however, will focus on the future. These community essay examples will ask you to detail how you will contribute to your future college community. We refer to these as college community essay examples.

In college community essay examples, you’ll see applicants detail how they might interact with their fellow students. These essays may also discuss how students plan to positively contribute to the campus community. 

As we mentioned above, the community essay, along with community essay examples and college community essay examples, fit into the larger category of the cultural diversity essay. Although we do not have specific community essay examples or college community essay examples in this guide, we will continue to highlight the subtle differences between the two. 

Before we continue the discussion of community essay examples and college community essay examples, let’s start with some examples of cultural diversity essay prompts. For each of the cultural diversity essay prompts, we’ll name the institutions that include these diversity essays for college as part of their college application requirements. 

What are some examples of ‘cultural diversity’ essays? 

Now, you have a better understanding of the similarities and differences between the cultural diversity essay and the community essay. So, next, let’s look at some examples of cultural diversity essay prompts.

The prompts below are from the Georgetown application, Rice application, and Williams application, respectively. As we discuss the similarities and differences between prompts, remember the framework we provided above for what constitutes a cultural diversity essay and a community essay. 

Later in this guide, we’ll provide real examples of diversity essays, including Georgetown essay examples, Rice University essay examples, and Williams supplemental essays examples. These are all considered college essays that worked—meaning that the author was accepted into that particular institution. 

Georgetown Supplementals Essays

Later, we’ll look at Georgetown supplemental essay examples. Diversity essays for Georgetown are a product of this prompt: 

As Georgetown is a diverse community, the Admissions Committee would like to know more about you in your own words. Please submit a brief essay, either personal or creative, which you feel best describes you. 

You might have noticed two keywords in this prompt right away: “diverse” and “community.” These buzzwords indicate that this prompt is a cultural diversity essay. You could even argue that responses to this prompt would result in college community essay examples. After all, the prompt refers to the Georgetown community. 

For this prompt, you’ll want to produce a diversity essay sample that highlights who you are. In order to do that successfully, you’ll need to self-reflect before putting pen to paper. What aspects of your background, personality, or values best describe who you are? How might your presence at Georgetown influence or contribute to their diverse community? 

Additionally, this cultural diversity essay can be personal or creative. So, you have more flexibility with the Georgetown supplemental essays than with other similar diversity essay prompts. Depending on the direction you go, your response to this prompt could be considered a cultural diversity essay, gender diversity essay, or a college community essay. 

Rice University Essays

The current Rice acceptance rate is just 9% , making it a highly selective school. Because the Rice acceptance rate is so low, your personal statement and supplemental essays can make a huge difference. 

The Rice University essay examples we’ll provide below are based on this prompt: 

The quality of Rice’s academic life and the Residential College System are heavily influenced by the unique life experiences and cultural traditions each student brings. What personal perspective would you contribute to life at Rice? 

Breaking down the prompt.

Like the prompt above, this cultural diversity essay asks about your “life experiences,” “cultural traditions,” and personal “perspectives.” These phrases indicate a cultural diversity essay. Keep in mind this may not be the exact prompt you’ll have to answer in your own Rice application. However, future Rice prompts will likely follow a similar framework as this diversity essay sample.

Although this prompt is not as flexible as the Georgetown prompt, it does let you discuss aspects of Rice’s academic life and Residential College System that appeal to you. You can also highlight how your experiences have influenced your personal perspective. 

The prompt also asks about how you would contribute to life at Rice. So, your response could also fall in line with college community essay examples. Remember, college community essay examples are another sub-category of community essay examples. Successful college community essay examples will illustrate the ways in which students would contribute to their future campus community. 

Williams Supplemental Essays

Like the Rice acceptance rate, the Williams acceptance rate is also 9% . Because the Williams acceptance rate is so low, you’ll want to pay close attention to the Williams supplemental essays examples as you begin the writing process. 

The Williams supplemental essays examples below are based on this prompt: 

Every first-year student at Williams lives in an Entry – a thoughtfully constructed microcosm of the student community that’s a defining part of the Williams experience. From the moment they arrive, students find themselves in what’s likely the most diverse collection of backgrounds, perspectives, and interests they’ve ever encountered. What might differentiate you from the 19 other first-year students in an Entry? What perspective would you add to the conversation with your peer(s)?

Reflecting on the prompt.

Immediately, words like “diverse,” “backgrounds,” “perspectives,” “interests,” and “differentiate” should stand out to you. These keywords highlight the fact that this is a cultural diversity essay. Similar to the Rice essay, this may not be the exact prompt you’ll face on your Williams application. However, we can still learn from it.

Like the Georgetown essay, this prompt requires you to put in some self-reflection before you start writing. What aspects of your background differentiate you from other people? How would these differences impact your interactions with peers? 

This prompt also touches on the “student community” and how you would “add to the conversation with your peer(s).” By extension, any strong responses to this prompt could also be considered as college community essay examples. 

Community Essays

All of the prompts above mention campus community. So, you could argue that they are also examples of community essays. 

Like we mentioned above, you can think of community essays as a subcategory of the cultural diversity essay. If the prompt alludes to the campus community, or if your response is centered on how you would interact within that community, your essay likely falls into the world of college community essay examples. 

Regardless of what you would classify the essay as, all successful essays will be thoughtful, personal, and rich with details. We’ll show you examples of this in our “college essays that worked” section below. 

Which schools require a cultural diversity or community essay? 

Besides Georgetown, Rice, and Williams, many other college applications require a cultural diversity essay or community essay. In fact, from the Ivy League to HBCUs and state schools, the cultural diversity essay is a staple across college applications. 

Although we will not provide a diversity essay sample for each of the colleges below, it is helpful to read the prompts. This will build your familiarity with other college applications that require a cultural diversity essay or community essay. Some schools that require a cultural diversity essay or community essay include New York University , Duke University , Harvard University , Johns Hopkins University , and University of Michigan . 

New York University

NYU listed a cultural diversity essay as part of its 2022-2023 college application requirements. Here is the prompt:

NYU was founded on the belief that a student’s identity should not dictate the ability for them to access higher education. That sense of opportunity for all students, of all backgrounds, remains a part of who we are today and a critical part of what makes us a world class university. Our community embraces diversity, in all its forms, as a cornerstone of the NYU experience. We would like to better understand how your experiences would help us to shape and grow our diverse community.

Duke university.

Duke is well-known for its community essay: 

What is your sense of Duke as a university and a community, and why do you consider it a good match for you? If there’s something in particular about our offerings that attracts you, feel free to share that as well.

A top-ranked Ivy League institution, Harvard University also has a cultural diversity essay as part of its college application requirements: 

Harvard has long recognized the importance of student body diversity of all kinds. We welcome you to write about distinctive aspects of your background, personal development, or the intellectual interests you might bring to your Harvard classmates.

Johns hopkins university.

The Johns Hopkins supplement is another example of a cultural diversity essay: 

Founded in the spirit of exploration and discovery, Johns Hopkins University encourages students to share their perspectives, develop their interests, and pursue new experiences. Use this space to share something you’d like the admissions committee to know about you (your interests, your background, your identity, or your community), and how it has shaped what you want to get out of your college experience at Hopkins. 

University of michigan.

The University of Michigan requires a community essay for its application: 

Everyone belongs to many different communities and/or groups defined by (among other things) shared geography, religion, ethnicity, income, cuisine, interest, race, ideology, or intellectual heritage. Choose one of the communities to which you belong and describe that community and your place within it. 

Community essay examples.

The Duke and Michigan prompts are perfect illustrations of community essay examples. However, they have some critical differences. So, if you apply to both of these schools, you’ll have to change the way you approach either of these community essays. 

The Duke prompt asks you to highlight why you are a good match for the Duke community. You’ll also see this prompt in other community essay examples. To write a successful response to this prompt, you’ll need to reference offerings specific to Duke (or whichever college requires this essay). In order to know what to reference, you’ll need to do your research before you start writing. 

Consider the following questions as you write your diversity essay sample if the prompt is similar to Duke University’s

• What values does this college community have? 
• How do these tie in with what you value? 
• Is there something that this college offers that matches your interests, personality, or background?  

On the other hand, the Michigan essay prompt asks you to describe a community that you belong to as well as your place within that community. This is another variation of the prompt for community essay examples. 

To write a successful response to this prompt, you’ll need to identify a community that you belong to. Then, you’ll need to think critically about how you interact with that community. 

Below are some questions to consider as you write your diversity essay sample for colleges like Michigan: 

• Out of all the communities you belong to, which can you highlight in your response? 
• How have you impacted this community? 
• How has this community impacted you?

Now, in the next few sections, we’ll dive into the Georgetown supplemental essay examples, the Rice university essay examples, and the Williams supplemental essays examples. After each diversity essay sample, we’ll include a breakdown of why these are considered college essays that worked. 

Georgetown Essay Examples

As a reminder, the Georgetown essay examples respond to this prompt: 

As Georgetown is a diverse community, the Admissions Committee would like to know more about you in your own words. Please submit a brief essay, either personal or creative, which you feel best describes you.

Here is the excerpt of the diversity essay sample from our Georgetown essay examples: 

Georgetown University Essay Example

The best thing I ever did was skip eight days of school in a row. Despite the protests of teachers over missed class time, I told them that the world is my classroom. The lessons I remember most are those that took place during my annual family vacation to coastal Maine. That rural world is the most authentic and incredible classroom where learning simply happens and becomes exponential. 

Years ago, as I hunted through the rocks and seaweed for seaglass and mussels, I befriended a Maine local hauling her battered kayak on the shore. Though I didn’t realize it at the time, I had found a kindred spirit in Jeanne. Jeanne is a year-round resident who is more than the hard working, rugged Mainer that meets the eye; reserved and humble in nature, she is a wealth of knowledge and is self-taught through necessity. With thoughtful attention to detail, I engineered a primitive ramp made of driftwood and a pulley system to haul her kayak up the cliff. We diligently figured out complex problems and developed solutions through trial and error.

After running out of conventional materials, I recycled and reimagined items that had washed ashore. We expected to succeed, but were not afraid to fail. Working with Jeanne has been the best classroom in the world; without textbooks or technology, she has made a difference in my life. Whether building a basic irrigation system for her organic garden or installing solar panels to harness the sun’s energy, every project has shown me the value of taking action and making an impact. Each year brings a different project with new excitement and unique challenges. My resourcefulness, problem solving ability, and innovative thinking have advanced under her tutelage. 

While exploring the rocky coast of Maine, I embrace every experience as an unparalleled educational opportunity that transcends any classroom environment. I discovered that firsthand experience and real-world application of science are my best teachers. In school, applications of complex calculations and abstract theories are sometimes obscured by grades and structure. In Maine, I expand my love of science and renourish my curious spirit. I am a highly independent, frugal, resilient Mainer living as a southern girl in NC. 

Why this essay worked

This is one of the Georgetown supplemental essay examples that works, and here’s why. The author starts the essay with an interesting hook, which makes the reader want to learn more about this person and their perspective. 

Throughout the essay, the author illustrates their intellectual curiosity. From befriending Jeanne and creating a pulley system to engineering other projects on the rocky coast of Maine, the author demonstrates how they welcome challenges and work to solve problems. 

Further, the author mentions values that matter to them—taking action and making an impact. Both facets are also part of Georgetown’s core values . By making these connections in their essay, the author shows the admissions committee exactly how they would be a great fit for the Georgetown community. 

Finally, the author uses their experience in Maine to showcase their love of science, which is likely the field they will study at Georgetown. Like this writer, you should try to include most important parts of your identity into your essay. This includes things like life experiences, passions, majors, extracurricular activities for college, and more. 

Rice University Essay Examples

The Rice University essay examples are from this prompt: 

The quality of Rice’s academic life and the Residential College System are heavily influenced by the unique life experiences and cultural traditions each student brings. What personal perspective would you contribute to life at Rice? (500-word limit)

Rice university essay example.

Like every applicant, I also have a story to share. A story that makes me who I am and consists of chapters about my life experiences and adventures. Having been born in a different country, my journey to America was one of the most difficult things I had ever experienced. Everything felt different. The atmosphere, the places, the food, and especially the people. Everywhere I looked, I saw something new. Although it was a bit overwhelming, one thing had not changed.

The caring nature of the people was still prevalent in everyday interactions. I was overwhelmed by how supportive and understanding people were of one another. Whether it is race, religion, or culture, everyone was accepted and appreciated. I knew that I could be whoever I wanted to be and that the only limitation was my imagination. Through hard work and persistence I put my all in everything that I did. I get this work ethic from my father since he is living proof that anything can be accomplished with continued determination. Listening to the childhood stories he told me, my dad would reminisce about how he was born in an impoverished area in a third world country during a turbulent and unpredictable time.

Even with a passion for learning, he had to work a laborious job in an attempt to help his parents make ends meet. He talked about how he would study under the street lights when the power went out at home. His parents wanted something better for him, as did he. Not living in America changed nothing about their work ethic. His parents continued to work hard daily, in an attempt to provide for their son. My dad worked and studied countless hours, paying his way through school with jobs and scholarships. His efforts paid off when he finally moved to America and opened his own business. None of it would have been possible without tremendous effort and dedication needed for a better life, values that are instilled within me as well, and this is the perspective that I wish to bring to Rice. 

This diversity essay sample references the author’s unique life experiences and personal perspective, which makes it one example of college essays that worked. The author begins the essay by alluding to their unique story—they were born in a different country and then came to America. Instead of facing this change as a challenge, the author shows how this new experience helped them to feel comfortable with all kinds of people. They also highlight how their diversity was accepted and appreciated. 

Additionally, the author incorporates information about their father’s story, which helps to frame their own values and where those values came from. The values that they chose to highlight also fall in line with the values of the Rice community. 

Williams Supplemental Essay Examples

Let’s read the prompt that inspired so many strong Williams supplemental essays examples again: 

Every first-year student at Williams lives in an Entry—a thoughtfully constructed microcosm of the student community that’s a defining part of the Williams experience. From the moment they arrive, students find themselves in what’s likely the most diverse collection of backgrounds, perspectives and interests they’ve ever encountered. What might differentiate you from the 19 other first-year students in an entry? What perspective(s) would you add to the conversation with your peers?

Williams college essay example.

Through the flow in my head

See you clad in red

But not just the clothes

It’s your whole being

Covering in this sickening blanket

Of heat and pain

Are you in agony, I wonder?

Is this the hell they told me about?

Have we been condemned?

Reduced to nothing but pain

At least we have each other

In our envelopes of crimson

I try in vain

“Take my hands” I shriek

“Let’s protect each other, 

You and me, through this hell”

My body contorts

And deforms into nothingness

You remain the same

Clad in red

With faraway eyes

You, like a statue

Your eyes fixed somewhere else

You never see me

Just the red briefcase in your heart

We aren’t together

It’s always been me alone

While you stand there, aloof, with the briefcase in your heart.

I wrote this poem the day my prayer request for the Uighur Muslims got denied at school. At the time, I was stunned. I was taught to have empathy for those around me. Yet, that empathy disappears when told to extend it to someone different. I can’t comprehend this contradiction and I refuse to. 

At Williams, I hope to become a Community Engagement Fellow at the Davis Center. I hope to use Williams’ support for social justice and advocacy to educate my fellow classmates on social issues around the world. Williams students are not just scholars but also leaders and changemakers. Together, we can strive to better the world through advocacy.

Human’s capability for love is endless. We just need to open our hearts to everyone. 

It’s time to let the briefcase go and look at those around us with our real human eyes.

We see you now. Please forgive us.

As we mentioned above, the Williams acceptance rate is incredibly low. This makes the supplemental essay that much more important. 

This diversity essay sample works because it is personal and memorable. The author chooses to start the essay off with a poem. Which, if done right, will immediately grab the reader’s attention. 

Further, the author contextualizes the poem by explaining the circumstances surrounding it—they wrote it in response to a prayer request that was denied at school. In doing so, they also highlight their own values of empathy and embracing diversity. 

Finally, the author ends their cultural diversity essay by describing what excites them about Williams. They also discuss how they see themselves interacting within the Williams community. This is a key piece of the essay, as it helps the reader understand how the author would be a good fit for Williams. 

The examples provided within this essay also touch on issues that are important to the author, which provides a glimpse into the type of student the author would be on campus. Additionally, this response shows what potential extracurricular activities for college the author might be interested in pursuing while at Williams. 

How to Write a Cultural Diversity Essay

You want your diversity essay to stand out from any other diversity essay sample. But how do you write a successful cultural diversity essay? 

First, consider what pieces of your identity you want to highlight in your essay. Of course, race and ethnicity are important facets of diversity. However, there are plenty of other factors to consider. 

As you brainstorm, think outside the box to figure out what aspects of your identity help make up who you are. Because identity and diversity fall on a spectrum, there is no right or wrong answer here. 

Fit your ideas to the specific school

Once you’ve decided on what you want to represent in your cultural diversity essay, think about how that fits into the college of your choice. Use your cultural diversity essay to make connections to the school. If your college has specific values or programs that align with your identity, then include them in your cultural diversity essay! 

Above all, you should write about something that is important to you. Your cultural diversity essay, gender diversity essay, or community essay will succeed if you are passionate about your topic and willing to get personal. 

Additional Tips for Community & Cultural Diversity Essays

1. start early.

In order to create the strongest diversity essay possible, you’ll want to start early. Filling out college applications is already a time-consuming process. So, you can cut back on additional stress and anxiety by writing your cultural diversity essay as early as possible. 

2. Brainstorm

Writing a cultural diversity essay or community essay is a personal process. To set yourself up for success, take time to brainstorm and reflect on your topic. Overall, you want your cultural diversity essay to be a good indication of who you are and what makes you a unique applicant. 

3. Proofread

We can’t stress this final tip enough. Be sure to proofread your cultural diversity essay before you hit the submit button. Additionally, you can read your essay aloud to hear how it flows. You can also can ask someone you trust, like your college advisor or a teacher, to help proofread your essay as well.

Other CollegeAdvisor Essay Resources to Explore

Looking for additional resources on supplemental essays for the colleges we mentioned above? Do you need help with incorporating extracurricular activities for college into your essays or crafting a strong diversity essay sample? We’ve got you covered. 

Our how to get into Georgetown guide covers additional tips on how to approach the supplemental diversity essay. If you’re wondering how to write about community in your essay, check out our campus community article for an insider’s perspective on Williams College.

Want to learn strategies for writing compelling cultural diversity essays? Check out this Q&A webinar, featuring a former Georgetown admissions officer. And, if you’re still unsure of what to highlight in your community essay, try getting inspiration from a virtual college tour . 

Cultural Diversity Essay & Community Essay Examples – Final Thoughts

Your supplemental essays are an important piece of the college application puzzle. With colleges becoming more competitive than ever, you’ll want to do everything you can to create a strong candidate profile. This includes writing well-crafted responses for a cultural diversity essay, gender diversity essay, or community essay. 

We hope our cultural diversity essay guide helped you learn more about this common type of supplemental essay. As you are writing your own cultural diversity essay or community essay, use the essay examples from Georgetown, Rice, and Williams above as your guide. 

Getting into top schools takes a lot more than a strong resume. Writing specific, thoughtful, and personal responses for a cultural diversity essay, gender diversity essay, or community essay will put you one step closer to maximizing your chances of admission. Good luck!

CollegeAdvisor.com is here to help you with every aspect of the college admissions process. From taking a gap year to completing enrollment , we’re here to help. Register today to receive one-on-one support from an admissions expert as you begin your college application journey.

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• How to Write a Diversity Essay | Tips & Examples

How to Write a Diversity Essay | Tips & Examples

Published on November 1, 2021 by Kirsten Courault . Revised on May 31, 2023.

Table of contents

What is a diversity essay, identify how you will enrich the campus community, share stories about your lived experience, explain how your background or identity has affected your life, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about college application essays.

Diversity essays ask students to highlight an important aspect of their identity, background, culture, experience, viewpoints, beliefs, skills, passions, goals, etc.

Diversity essays can come in many forms. Some scholarships are offered specifically for students who come from an underrepresented background or identity in higher education. At highly competitive schools, supplemental diversity essays require students to address how they will enhance the student body with a unique perspective, identity, or background.

In the Common Application and applications for several other colleges, some main essay prompts ask about how your background, identity, or experience has affected you.

Why schools want a diversity essay

Many universities believe a student body representing different perspectives, beliefs, identities, and backgrounds will enhance the campus learning and community experience.

Admissions officers are interested in hearing about how your unique background, identity, beliefs, culture, or characteristics will enrich the campus community.

Through the diversity essay, admissions officers want students to articulate the following:

• What makes them different from other applicants
• Stories related to their background, identity, or experience
• How their unique lived experience has affected their outlook, activities, and goals

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Think about what aspects of your identity or background make you unique, and choose one that has significantly impacted your life.

For some students, it may be easy to identify what sets them apart from their peers. But if you’re having trouble identifying what makes you different from other applicants, consider your life from an outsider’s perspective. Don’t presume your lived experiences are normal or boring just because you’re used to them.

Some examples of identities or experiences that you might write about include the following:

• Race/ethnicity
• Gender identity
• Sexual orientation
• Nationality
• Socioeconomic status
• Immigration background
• Religion/belief system
• Place of residence
• Family circumstances
• Extracurricular activities related to diversity

Include vulnerable, authentic stories about your lived experiences. Maintain focus on your experience rather than going into too much detail comparing yourself to others or describing their experiences.

Keep the focus on you

Tell a story about how your background, identity, or experience has impacted you. While you can briefly mention another person’s experience to provide context, be sure to keep the essay focused on you. Admissions officers are mostly interested in learning about your lived experience, not anyone else’s.

When I was a baby, my grandmother took me in, even though that meant postponing her retirement and continuing to work full-time at the local hairdresser. Even working every shift she could, she never missed a single school play or soccer game.

She and I had a really special bond, even creating our own special language to leave each other secret notes and messages. She always pushed me to succeed in school, and celebrated every academic achievement like it was worthy of a Nobel Prize. Every month, any leftover tip money she received at work went to a special 509 savings plan for my college education.

When I was in the 10th grade, my grandmother was diagnosed with ALS. We didn’t have health insurance, and what began with quitting soccer eventually led to dropping out of school as her condition worsened. In between her doctor’s appointments, keeping the house tidy, and keeping her comfortable, I took advantage of those few free moments to study for the GED.

In school pictures at Raleigh Elementary School, you could immediately spot me as “that Asian girl.” At lunch, I used to bring leftover fun see noodles, but after my classmates remarked how they smelled disgusting, I begged my mom to make a “regular” lunch of sliced bread, mayonnaise, and deli meat.

Although born and raised in North Carolina, I felt a cultural obligation to learn my “mother tongue” and reconnect with my “homeland.” After two years of all-day Saturday Chinese school, I finally visited Beijing for the first time, expecting I would finally belong. While my face initially assured locals of my Chinese identity, the moment I spoke, my cover was blown. My Chinese was littered with tonal errors, and I was instantly labeled as an “ABC,” American-born Chinese.

I felt culturally homeless.

Speak from your own experience

Highlight your actions, difficulties, and feelings rather than comparing yourself to others. While it may be tempting to write about how you have been more or less fortunate than those around you, keep the focus on you and your unique experiences, as shown below.

I began to despair when the FAFSA website once again filled with red error messages.

I had been at the local library for hours and hadn’t even been able to finish the form, much less the other to-do items for my application.

I am the first person in my family to even consider going to college. My parents work two jobs each, but even then, it’s sometimes very hard to make ends meet. Rather than playing soccer or competing in speech and debate, I help my family by taking care of my younger siblings after school and on the weekends.

“We only speak one language here. Speak proper English!” roared a store owner when I had attempted to buy bread and accidentally used the wrong preposition.

In middle school, I had relentlessly studied English grammar textbooks and received the highest marks.

Leaving Seoul was hard, but living in West Orange, New Jersey was much harder一especially navigating everyday communication with Americans.

After sharing relevant personal stories, make sure to provide insight into how your lived experience has influenced your perspective, activities, and goals. You should also explain how your background led you to apply to this university and why you’re a good fit.

Include your outlook, actions, and goals

Conclude your essay with an insight about how your background or identity has affected your outlook, actions, and goals. You should include specific actions and activities that you have done as a result of your insight.

One night, before the midnight premiere of Avengers: Endgame , I stopped by my best friend Maria’s house. Her mother prepared tamales, churros, and Mexican hot chocolate, packing them all neatly in an Igloo lunch box. As we sat in the line snaking around the AMC theater, I thought back to when Maria and I took salsa classes together and when we belted out Selena’s “Bidi Bidi Bom Bom” at karaoke. In that moment, as I munched on a chicken tamale, I realized how much I admired the beauty, complexity, and joy in Maria’s culture but had suppressed and devalued my own.

The following semester, I joined Model UN. Since then, I have learned how to proudly represent other countries and have gained cultural perspectives other than my own. I now understand that all cultures, including my own, are equal. I still struggle with small triggers, like when I go through airport security and feel a suspicious glance toward me, or when I feel self-conscious for bringing kabsa to school lunch. But in the future, I hope to study and work in international relations to continue learning about other cultures and impart a positive impression of Saudi culture to the world.

The smell of the early morning dew and the welcoming whinnies of my family’s horses are some of my most treasured childhood memories. To this day, our farm remains so rural that we do not have broadband access, and we’re too far away from the closest town for the postal service to reach us.

Going to school regularly was always a struggle: between the unceasing demands of the farm and our lack of connectivity, it was hard to keep up with my studies. Despite being a voracious reader, avid amateur chemist, and active participant in the classroom, emergencies and unforeseen events at the farm meant that I had a lot of unexcused absences.

Although it had challenges, my upbringing taught me resilience, the value of hard work, and the importance of family. Staying up all night to watch a foal being born, successfully saving the animals from a minor fire, and finding ways to soothe a nervous mare afraid of thunder have led to an unbreakable family bond.

Our farm is my family’s birthright and our livelihood, and I am eager to learn how to ensure the farm’s financial and technological success for future generations. In college, I am looking forward to joining a chapter of Future Farmers of America and studying agricultural business to carry my family’s legacy forward.

Tailor your answer to the university

After explaining how your identity or background will enrich the university’s existing student body, you can mention the university organizations, groups, or courses in which you’re interested.

Maybe a larger public school setting will allow you to broaden your community, or a small liberal arts college has a specialized program that will give you space to discover your voice and identity. Perhaps this particular university has an active affinity group you’d like to join.

Demonstrating how a university’s specific programs or clubs are relevant to you can show that you’ve done your research and would be a great addition to the university.

At the University of Michigan Engineering, I want to study engineering not only to emulate my mother’s achievements and strength, but also to forge my own path as an engineer with disabilities. I appreciate the University of Michigan’s long-standing dedication to supporting students with disabilities in ways ranging from accessible housing to assistive technology. At the University of Michigan Engineering, I want to receive a top-notch education and use it to inspire others to strive for their best, regardless of their circumstances.

If you want to know more about academic writing , effective communication , or parts of speech , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Academic writing

• Writing process
• Transition words
• Passive voice
• Paraphrasing

 Communication

• How to end an email
• Ms, mrs, miss
• How to start an email
• I hope this email finds you well
• Hope you are doing well

 Parts of speech

• Personal pronouns
• Conjunctions

In addition to your main college essay , some schools and scholarships may ask for a supplementary essay focused on an aspect of your identity or background. This is sometimes called a diversity essay .

Many universities believe a student body composed of different perspectives, beliefs, identities, and backgrounds will enhance the campus learning and community experience.

Admissions officers are interested in hearing about how your unique background, identity, beliefs, culture, or characteristics will enrich the campus community, which is why they assign a diversity essay .

To write an effective diversity essay , include vulnerable, authentic stories about your unique identity, background, or perspective. Provide insight into how your lived experience has influenced your outlook, activities, and goals. If relevant, you should also mention how your background has led you to apply for this university and why you’re a good fit.

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How to Write a College Diversity Essay – Examples & Tips

What is a diversity essay for college?

If you are preparing for your college application, you have probably heard that you sometimes need to submit a “diversity essay,” and you might be wondering how this is different from the usual admission essay. A diversity essay is a college admissions essay that focuses on the applicant’s background, identity, culture, beliefs, or relationship with a specific community, on what makes an applicant unique, and on how they might bring a fresh perspective or new insights to a school’s student body. Colleges let applicants write such essays to ensure diversity in their campus communities, to improve everyone’s learning experience, or to determine who might be eligible for scholarships that are offered to students from generally underrepresented backgrounds. 

Some colleges list the essay as one of their main requirements to apply, while others give you the option to add it to your application if you wish to do so. At other schools, it is simply your “personal statement”—but the prompts you are given can make it an essay on the topic of diversity in your life and how that has shaped who you are.

To write a diversity essay, you need to think about what makes you uniquely you: What significant experiences have you made, because of your background, that might separate you from other applicants? Sometimes that is obvious, but sometimes it is easy to assume our experiences are normal just because we are part of a community that shares the same circumstances, beliefs, or experiences. But if you look at your life from the perspective of someone who is not part of that community, such as an admissions officer, they can suddenly be not-so-common and help you stand out from the crowd.

Diversity Essay Examples and Topics

Diversity essays come in all shapes and formats, but what they need to do is highlight an important aspect of your identity, background, culture, viewpoints, beliefs, goals, etc. You could, for example, write about one of the following topics:

• Your home country/hometown
• Your cultural/immigration background
• Your race/ethnicity
• Your unique family circumstances
• Your religion/belief system
• Your socioeconomic background
• Your disability
• Your sex/gender
• Your sexual orientation
• Your gender identity
• Your values/opinions
• Your experiences
• Your extracurricular activities related to diversity

In the following, we ask some general questions to make you start reflecting on what diversity might mean for you and your life, and we present you with excerpts from several successful diversity-related application essays that will give you an idea about the range of topics you can write about.

How does diversity make you who you are as a person or student?

We usually want to fit in, especially when we are young, and you might not even realize that you and your life experiences could add to the diversity of a student campus. You might think that you are just like everyone around you. Or you might think that your background is nothing to brag about and are not really comfortable showcasing it. But looking at you and your life from the point of view of someone who is not part of your community, your background, culture, or family situation might actually be unique and interesting. 

What makes admission committees see the unique and interesting in your life is an authentic story, maybe even a bit vulnerable, about your lived experiences and the lessons you learned from them that other people who lived other lifes did not have the chance to learn. Don’t try to explain how you are different from others or how you have been more privileged or less fortunate than others—let your story do that. Keep the focus on yourself, your actions, thoughts, and feelings, and allow the reader a glimpse into your culture, upbringing, or community that gives them some intriguing insights. 

Have a look at the excerpt below from a diversity essay that got an applicant into Cornell University . This is just the introduction, but there is probably no admissions officer who would not want to keep reading after such a fascinating entry. 

He’s in my arms, the newest addition to the family. I’m too overwhelmed. “That’s why I wanted you to go to Bishop Loughlin,” she says, preparing baby bottles. “But ma, I chose Tech because I wanted to be challenged.” “Well, you’re going to have to deal with it,” she replies, adding, “Your aunt watched you when she was in high school.” “But ma, there are three of them. It’s hard!” Returning home from a summer program that cemented intellectual and social independence to find a new baby was not exactly thrilling. Add him to the toddler and seven-year-old sister I have and there’s no wonder why I sing songs from Blue’s Clues and The Backyardigans instead of sane seventeen-year-old activities. It’s never been simple; as a female and the oldest, I’m to significantly rear the children and clean up the shabby apartment before an ounce of pseudo freedom reaches my hands. If I can manage to get my toddler brother onto the city bus and take him home from daycare without snot on my shoulder, and if I can manage to take off his coat and sneakers without demonic screaming for no apparent reason, then it’s a good day. Only, waking up at three in the morning to work, the only free time I have, is not my cup of Starbucks.  Excerpt from “All Worth It”, Anonymous, published in 50 Successful IVY LEAGUE Application Essays Fourth Edition, Gen & Kelly Tanabe, SuperCollege, 2017 .

How has your identity or background affected your life?

On top of sharing a relevant personal story, you also need to make sure that your essay illustrates how your lived experience has influenced your perspective, your life choices, or your goals. If you can explain how your background or experience led you to apply to the school you want to submit the essay to, and why you would be a great fit for that school, even better. 

You don’t need to fit all of that into one short essay, though. Just make sure to end your essay with some conclusions about the things your life has taught you that will give the admissions committee a better idea of who you now are—like the author of the following (winning) admissions essay submitted to MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) .

[…] I always thought that I had it the worst out of all my family members because I was never allowed to get anything lower than what my brother or a cousin had gotten in a class. My parents figured if they could do it, so could I, and if not on my own then with a little of their help. It was not until recently that I realized the truth in this. In my short life I have seen my father go from speaking no English to excelling in it. I have heard countless stories about migrant farmers such as Cesar Chavez and my grandfather who had nearly nothing, yet persisted and succeeded. […] When I had trouble speaking Spanish and felt like abandoning my native tongue, I remembered my mother and how when she came to the United States she was forced to wash her mouth out with soap and endure beatings with a ruler by the nuns at her school for speaking it. When I couldn’t figure out tangents, sines, and cosines I thought about my father and how it took him nearly a year to learn long division because he was forced to teach it to himself after dropping out and starting to work in the 4th grade. […] All these people, just from my family, have been strong role models for me. I feel that being labeled “underprivileged” does not mean that I am limited in what I can do. There is no reason for me to fail or give up, and like my parents and grandparents have done, I’ve been able to pull through a great deal. My environment has made me determined, hard working, and high aiming. I would not like it any other way. From “Lessons From the Immigration Spectrum”, Anonymous, MIT, published in 50 Successful IVY LEAGUE Application Essays Fourth Edition, Gen & Kelly Tanabe, SuperCollege, 2017 .

How will your diversity contribute to the college campus and community?

The admissions committee would like to know how your identity or background will enrich the university’s existing student body. If you haven’t done so, researching the university’s organizations and groups and what specific courses the university offers might be a good idea. If you are applying to a large public school, you could mention that you are looking forward to broadening not just your horizon but also your community. Or maybe your college of choice has a specialized program or student organization that you feel you will fit right into and that you could contribute to with your unique background.

Tailoring your answer to the university you are applying to shows that you are serious and have done your research, and a university is obviously looking for such students. If you can’t find a way to make your essay “match” the university, then don’t despair—showing the admissions committee that you are someone who already made some important experiences, has reflected on them, and is eager to learn more and contribute to their community is often all that is needed. But you also don’t need to search for the most sophisticated outro or conclusion, as the following excerpt shows, from an admission essay written by an applicant named Angelica, who was accepted into the University of Chicago . Sometimes a simple conviction is convincing enough. 

[…] The knowledge that I have gained from these three schools is something I will take with me far beyond college. My roommate, across-the-hall mates, and classmates have influenced my life as much as I hope to have impacted theirs. It is evident to me that they have helped me develop into the very much visible person I am today. I have learned to step outside of my comfort zone, and I have learned that diversity is so much more than the tint of our skin. My small mustard-colored school taught me that opportunity and success only requires desire. I would be an asset to your college because as I continue on my journey to success, I will take advantage of every opportunity that is available to me and make sure to contribute as much as I can, too. Now I am visible. Now I am visible. Now I am visible, and I want to be seen. From “No Longer Invisible” by Angelica, University of Chicago, published in 50 Successful IVY LEAGUE Application Essays Fourth Edition, Gen & Kelly Tanabe, SuperCollege, 2017 .

Tell stories about your lived experience

You might wonder how exactly to go about writing stories about your “lived experience.” The first step, after getting drawing inspiration from other people’s stories, is to sit down and reflect on your own life and what might be interesting about it, from the point of view of someone outside of your direct environment or community.

Two straightforward approaches for a diversity-related essay are to either focus on your community or on your identity . The first one is more related to what you were born into (and what it taught you), and the second one focuses on how you see yourself, as an individual but also as part of society.

Take some time to sit down and reflect on which of these two approaches you relate to more and which one you think you have more to say about. And then we’d recommend you do what always helps when we sit in front of a blank page that needs to be filled: Make a list or draw a chart or create a map of keywords that can become the cornerstones of your story.

For example, if you choose the “community” approach, then start with a list of all the communities that you are a part of. These communities can be defined by different factors:

• A shared place: people live or work together
• Shared actions: People create something together or solve problems together
• Shared interests: People come together based on interests, hobbies, or goals
• Shared circumstances: people are brought together by chance or by events

Once you have that list, pick one of your communities and start asking yourself more specific questions. For example: 

• What did you do as a member of that community? 
• What kinds of problems did you solve , for your community or together?
• Did you feel like you had an impact ? What was it?
• What did you learn or realize ? 
• How are you going to apply what you learned outside of that community?

If, instead, you choose the “identity” approach, then think about different ways in which you think about yourself and make a list of those. For example:

My identity is as a… 

• boy scout leader
• hobby writer
• babysitter for my younger siblings
• speaker of different languages
• collector of insightful proverbs
• Japanese-American
• other roles in your family, community, or social sub-group

Feel free to list as many identities as you can. Then, think about what different sides of you these identities reveal and which ones you have not yet shown or addressed in your other application documents and essays. Think about whether one of these is more important to you than others if there is one that you’d rather like to hide (and why) and if there is any struggle, for example with reconciling all of these sides of yourself or with one of them not being accepted by your culture or environment.

Overall, the most important characteristic admissions committees are looking for in your diversity essay is authenticity . They want to know who you are, behind your SATs and grades, and how you got where you are now, and they want to see what makes you memorable (remember, they have to read thousands of essays to decide who to enroll). 

The admissions committee members likely also have a “sixth sense” about whose essay is authentic and whose is not. But if you go through a creative process like the one outlined here, you will automatically reflect on your background and experiences in a way that will bring out your authenticity and honesty and prevent you from just making up a “cool story.”

Diversity Essay Sample Prompts From Colleges

If you are still not sure how to write a diversity essay, let’s have a look at some of the actual diversity essay prompts that colleges include in their applications. 

Diversity Essay Sample #1: University of California

The University of California asks applicants to choose between eight prompts (they call them “ personal insight questions “) and submit four short essays of up to 350 words each that tell the admission committee what you would want them to know about you . These prompts ask about your creative side (#2), your greatest talent (#3), and other aspects of your personality, but two of them (#5 and #7) are what could be called “diversity essay prompts” that ask you to talk about the most significant challenge you have faced and what you have done to make your community a better place .

The University of California website also offers advice on how to use these prompts and how to write a compelling essay, so make sure you use all the guidance they give you if that is the school you are trying to get into!

UC Essay prompt #5. Describe the most significant challenge you have faced and the steps you have taken to overcome this challenge. How has this challenge affected your academic achievement?

Things to consider: A challenge could be personal, or something you have faced in your community or school. Why was the challenge significant to you? This is a good opportunity to talk about any obstacles you’ve faced and what you’ve learned from the experience. Did you have support from someone else or did you handle it alone?

UC Essay prompt #7. What have you done to make your school or your community a better place?  

Things to consider: Think of community as a term that can encompass a group, team, or place—like your high school, hometown, or home. You can define community as you see fit, just make sure you talk about your role in that community. Was there a problem that you wanted to fix in your community? Why were you inspired to act? What did you learn from your effort? 

Diversity Essay Sample #2: Duke University

Duke University asks for a one-page essay in response to either one of the Common Application prompts or one of the Coalition Application prompts, as well as a short essay that answers a question specific to Duke. 

In addition, you can (but do not have to) submit up to two short answers to four prompts that specifically ask about your unique experiences, your beliefs and values, and your background and identity. The maximum word count for each of these short essays on diversity topics is 250 words.

Essay prompt #1. We seek a diverse student body that embodies the wide range of human experience. In that context, we are interested in what you’d like to share about your lived experiences and how they’ve influenced how you think of yourself. Essay prompt #2. We believe there is benefit in sharing and sometimes questioning our beliefs or values; who do you agree with on the big important things, or who do you have your most interesting disagreements with? What are you agreeing or disagreeing about? Essay prompt #3. What has been your best academic experience in the last two years, and what made it so good? Essay prompt #4. Duke’s commitment to diversity and inclusion includes sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression. If you’d like to share with us more about your identity in this context, feel free to do so here.

Duke University is looking for students with a variety of different experiences, backgrounds, interests, and opinions to make its campus community diverse and a place where ambition and curiosity, talent and persistence can grow, and the admissions committee will “consider what you have accomplished within the context of your opportunities and challenges so far”—make sure you tell them!

Diversity Essay Sample #3: University of Washington

The University of Washington asks students for a long essay (650 words) on a general experience that shaped your character, a short essay (300 words) that describes the world you come from and how you, as a product of it, might add to the diversity of your future university and allows you to submit additional information on potential hardships or limitations you have experienced in attaining your education so far. The University of Washington freshman writing website also offers some tips on how to (and how not to) write and format your essays.

Essay prompt [required] Tell a story from your life, describing an experience that either demonstrates your character or helped to shape it.

Short response prompt [required] Our families and communities often define us and our individual worlds. “Community” might refer to your cultural group, extended family, religious group, neighborhood or school, sports team or club, co-workers, etc. Describe the world you come from and how you, as a product of it, might add to the diversity of the UW.

Additional information about yourself or your circumstances [optional] You are not required to write anything in this section, but you may include additional information if something has particular significance to you. For example, you may use this space if:

– You have experienced personal hardships in attaining your education

– Your activities have been limited because of work or family obligations

– You have experienced limitations/opportunities unique to the schools you attended

The University of Washington’s mission is to enroll undergraduates with outstanding intellectual abilities who bring different perspectives, backgrounds, and talents to the campus to create a “stimulating educational environment”. The diversity essay is your chance to let them know how you will contribute to that.

Diversity Essay Sample #4: University of Michigan

At the University of Michigan, a diversity college essay that describes one of the communities (defined by geography, religion, ethnicity, income, or other factors) you belong to is one of two required essays that need to be submitted by all applicants, on top of the Common Application essay. 

Diversity essay prompt. Everyone belongs to many different communities and/or groups defined by (among other things) shared geography, religion, ethnicity, income, cuisine, interest, race, ideology, or intellectual heritage. Choose one of the communities to which you belong, and describe that community and your place within it.

The University of Michigan prides itself in “looking at each student as a whole package” and recruiting the most dynamic students, with different backgrounds, interests, and passions, into their college, not just the ones with the highest test scores. They also give consideration to applicants from currently underrepresented groups to create diversity on campus and enrich the learning environment for all students—if that sounds like you, then here is your opportunity to tell your story!

Frequently Asked Questions about Diversity Essays

What topics should i avoid in my college diversity essay.

Since the point of a diversity essay is to show the admissions committee who you are (behind your grades and resume and general educational background), there are not many topics you need to avoid. In fact, you can address the issues, from your own perspective, that you are usually told not to mention in order not to offend anyone or create controversy. 

The only exception is any kind of criminal activity, especially child abuse and neglect. The University of Washington, for example, has a statement on its essay prompt website that “ any written materials that give admissions staff reasonable cause to believe abuse or neglect of someone under the age of 18 may have occurred must be reported to Child Protective Services or the police. ”

What is most important to focus on in my diversity essay?

In brief, to stand out while not giving the admissions committee any reason to believe that you are exaggerating or even making things up. Your story needs to be authentic, and admissions officers—who read thousands of applications—will probably see right through you if you are trying to make yourself sound cooler, more mature, or more interesting than you are. 

In addition, make sure you let someone, preferably a professional editor, read over your essays and make sure they are well-written and error-free. Even though you are telling your personal story, it needs to be presented in standard, formal, correct English.

How long should a diversity essay be?

Every school has different requirements for their version of a diversity essay, and you will find all the necessary details on their admissions or essay prompts website. Make sure you check the word limit and other guidelines before you start typing away!

Prepare your college diversity essay for admission

Now that you know what a diversity essay is and how you find the specific requirements for the essays you need to submit to your school of choice, make sure you plan in advance and give yourself enough time to put all your effort into it! Our article How to Write the Common App Essay can give you an idea about timelines and creative preparation methods. And as always, we can help you with our professional editing services , including Application Essay Editing Services and Admission Editing Services , to ensure that your entire application is error-free and showcases your potential to the admissions committee of your school of choice.

For more academic resources on writing the statement of purpose for grad school or on the college admission process in general, head over to our Admissions Resources website where we have many more articles and videos to help you improve your essay writing skills.

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May 8, 2024

The Diversity Essay: How to Write an Excellent Diversity Essay

What is a diversity essay in a school application? And why does it matter when applying to leading programs and universities? Most importantly, how should you go about writing such an essay?

Diversity is of supreme value in higher education, and schools want to know how every student will contribute to the diversity on their campus. A diversity essay gives applicants with disadvantaged or underrepresented backgrounds, an unusual education, a distinctive experience, or a unique family history an opportunity to write about how these elements of their background have prepared them to play a useful role in increasing and encouraging diversity among their target program’s student body and broader community.

The purpose of all application essays is to help the adcom better understand who an applicant is and what they care about. Your essays are your chance to share your voice and humanize your application. This is especially true for the diversity essay, which aims to reveal your unique perspectives and experiences, as well as the ways in which you might contribute to a college community.

In this post, we’ll discuss what exactly a diversity essay is, look at examples of actual prompts and a sample essay, and offer tips for writing a standout essay. 

In this post, you’ll find the following: 

What a diversity essay covers

How to show you can add to a school’s diversity, why diversity matters to schools.

• Seven examples that reveal diversity

Sample diversity essay prompts

How to write about your diversity.

• A diversity essay example

Upon hearing the word “diversity” in relation to an application essay, many people assume that they will have to write about gender, sexuality, class, or race. To many, this can feel overly personal or irrelevant, and some students might worry that their identity isn’t unique or interesting enough. In reality, the diversity essay is much broader than many people realize.

Identity means different things to different people. The important thing is that you demonstrate your uniqueness and what matters to you. In addition to writing about one of the traditional identity features we just mentioned (gender, sexuality, class, race), you could consider writing about a more unusual feature of yourself or your life – or even the intersection of two or more identities.

Consider these questions as you think about what to include in your diversity essay:

• Do you have a unique or unusual talent or skill?
• Do you have beliefs or values that are markedly different from those of the people around you? 
• Do you have a hobby or interest that sets you apart from your peers? 
• Have you done or experienced something that few people have? Note that if you choose to write about a single event as a diverse identity feature, that event needs to have had a pretty substantial impact on you and your life. For example, perhaps you’re part of the 0.2% of the world’s population that has run a marathon, or you’ve had the chance to watch wolves hunt in the wild.
• Do you have a role in life that gives you a special outlook on the world? For example, maybe one of your siblings has a rare disability, or you grew up in a town with fewer than 500 inhabitants.

If you are an immigrant to the United States, the child of immigrants, or someone whose ethnicity is underrepresented in the States, your response to “How will you add to the diversity of our class/community?” and similar questions might help your application efforts. Why? Because you have the opportunity to show the adcom how your background will contribute a distinctive perspective to the program you are applying to.

Of course, if you’re not underrepresented in your field or part of a disadvantaged group, that doesn’t mean that you don’t have anything to write about in a diversity essay.

For example, you might have an unusual or special experience to share, such as serving in the military, being a member of a dance troupe, or caring for a disabled relative. These and other distinctive experiences can convey how you will contribute to the diversity of the school’s campus.

Maybe you are the first member of your family to apply to college or the first person in your household to learn English. Perhaps you have worked your way through college or helped raise your siblings. You might also have been an ally to those who are underrepresented, disadvantaged, or marginalized in your community, at your school, or in a work setting. 

As you can see, diversity is not limited to one’s religion, ethnicity, culture, language, or sexual orientation. It refers to whatever element of your identity distinguishes you from others and shows that you, too, value diversity.

The diversity essay provides colleges the chance to build a student body that includes different ethnicities, religions, sexual orientations, backgrounds, interests, and so on. Applicants are asked to illuminate what sets them apart so that the adcoms can see what kind of diverse views and opinions they can bring to the campus.

Admissions officers believe that diversity in the classroom improves the educational experience of all the students involved. They also believe that having a diverse workforce better serves society as a whole.

The more diverse perspectives found in the classroom, throughout the dorms, in the dining halls, and mixed into study groups, the richer people’s discussions will be.

Plus, learning and growing in this kind of multicultural environment will prepare students for working in our increasingly multicultural and global world.

In medicine, for example, a heterogeneous workforce benefits people from previously underrepresented cultures. Businesses realize that they will market more effectively if they can speak to different audiences, which is possible when members of their workforce come from various backgrounds and cultures. Schools simply want to prepare graduates for the 21st century job market.

Seven examples that reveal diversity

Adcoms want to know about the diverse elements of your character and how these have helped you develop particular  personality traits , as well as about any unusual experiences that have shaped you.

Here are seven examples an applicant could write about:

1. They grew up in an environment with a strong emphasis on respecting their elders, attending family events, and/or learning their parents’ native language and culture.

2. They are close to their grandparents and extended family members who have taught them how teamwork can help everyone thrive.

3. They have had to face difficulties that stem from their parents’ values being in conflict with theirs or those of their peers.

4. Teachers have not always understood the elements of their culture or lifestyle and how those elements influence their performance.

5. They have suffered discrimination and succeeded despite it because of their grit, values, and character.

6. They learned skills from a lifestyle that is outside the norm (e.g., living in foreign countries as the child of a diplomat or contractor; performing professionally in theater, dance, music, or sports; having a deaf sibling).

7. They’ve encountered racism or other prejudice (either toward themselves or others) and responded by actively promoting diverse, tolerant values.

And remember, diversity is not about who your parents are.  It’s about who you are  – at the core.

Your background, influences, religious observances, native language, ideas, work environment, community experiences – all these factors come together to create a unique individual, one who will contribute to a varied class of distinct individuals taking their place in a diverse world.

The best-known diversity essay prompt is from the  Common App . It states:

“Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story.”

Some schools have individual diversity essay prompts. For example, this one is from  Duke University :

“We believe a wide range of personal perspectives, beliefs, and lived experiences are essential to making Duke a vibrant and meaningful living and learning community. Feel free to share with us anything in this context that might help us better understand you and what you might bring to our community.” 

And the  Rice University application includes the following prompt:

“Rice is strengthened by its diverse community of learning and discovery that produces leaders and change agents across the spectrum of human endeavor. What perspectives shaped by your background, experiences, upbringing, and/or racial identity inspire you to join our community of change agents at Rice?”

In all instances, colleges want you to demonstrate how and what you’ll contribute to their communities.

Your answer to a school’s diversity essay question should focus on how your experiences have built your empathy for others, your embrace of differences, your resilience, your character, and your perspective.

The school might ask how you think of diversity or how you will bring or add to the diversity of the school, your chosen profession, or your community. Make sure you answer the specific question posed by highlighting distinctive elements of your profile that will add to the class mosaic every adcom is trying to create. You don’t want to blend in; you want to stand out in a positive way while also complementing the school’s canvas.

Here’s a simple, three-part framework that will help you think of diversity more broadly:

Who are you? What has contributed to your identity? How do you distinguish yourself? Your identity can include any of the following: gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, disability, religion, nontraditional work experience, nontraditional educational background, multicultural background, and family’s educational level.

What have you done? What have you accomplished? This could include any of the following: achievements inside and/or outside your field of study, leadership opportunities, community service, internship or professional experience, research opportunities, hobbies, and travel. Any or all of these could be unique. Also, what life-derailing, throw-you-for-a-loop challenges have you faced and overcome?

How do you think? How do you approach things? What drives you? What influences you? Are you the person who can break up a tense meeting with some well-timed humor? Are you the one who intuitively sees how to bring people together? 

Read more about this three-part framework in Episode 193 of Accepted’s Admissions Straight Talk podcast or listen wherever you get your favorite podcast s.

Think about each question within this framework and how you could apply your diversity elements to your target school’s classroom or community. Any of these elements can serve as the framework for your essay.

Don’t worry if you can’t think of something totally “out there.” You don’t need to be a tightrope walker living in the Andes or a Buddhist monk from Japan to be able to contribute to a school’s diversity!

And please remember, the examples we have offered here are not exhaustive. There are many other ways to show diversity!

All you need to do to be able to write successfully about how you will contribute to the diversity of your target school’s community is examine your identity, deeds, and ideas, with an eye toward your personal distinctiveness and individuality. There is only one  you .

Take a look at the sample diversity essay in the next section of this post, and pay attention to how the writer underscores their appreciation for, and experience with, diversity. 

A diversity essay sample

When I was starting 11th grade, my dad, an agricultural scientist, was assigned to a 3-month research project in a farm village in Niigata (northwest Honshu in Japan). Rather than stay behind with my mom and siblings, I begged to go with him. As a straight-A student, I convinced my parents and the principal that I could handle my schoolwork remotely (pre-COVID) for that stretch. It was time to leap beyond my comfortable suburban Wisconsin life—and my Western orientation, reinforced by travel to Europe the year before. 

We roomed in a sprawling farmhouse with a family participating in my dad’s study. I thought I’d experience an “English-free zone,” but the high school students all studied and wanted to practice English, so I did meet peers even though I didn’t attend their school. Of the many eye-opening, influential, cultural experiences, the one that resonates most powerfully to me is experiencing their community. It was a living, organic whole. Elementary school kids spent time helping with the rice harvest. People who foraged for seasonal wild edibles gave them to acquaintances throughout the town. In fact, there was a constant sharing of food among residents—garden veggies carried in straw baskets, fish or meat in coolers. The pharmacist would drive prescriptions to people who couldn’t easily get out—new mothers, the elderly—not as a business service but as a good neighbor. If rain suddenly threatened, neighbors would bring in each other’s drying laundry. When an empty-nest 50-year-old woman had to be hospitalized suddenly for a near-fatal snakebite, neighbors maintained her veggie patch until she returned. The community embodied constant awareness of others’ needs and circumstances. The community flowed!

Yet, people there lamented that this lifestyle was vanishing; more young people left than stayed or came. And it wasn’t idyllic: I heard about ubiquitous gossip, long-standing personal enmities, busybody-ness. But these very human foibles didn’t dam the flow. This dynamic community organism couldn’t have been more different from my suburban life back home, with its insular nuclear families. We nod hello to neighbors in passing. 

This wonderful experience contained a personal challenge. Blond and blue-eyed, I became “the other” for the first time. Except for my dad, I saw no Westerner there. Curious eyes followed me. Stepping into a market or walking down the street, I drew gazes. People swiftly looked away if they accidentally caught my eye. It was not at all hostile, I knew, but I felt like an object. I began making extra sure to appear “presentable” before going outside. The sense of being watched sometimes generated mild stress or resentment. Returning to my lovely tatami room, I would decompress, grateful to be alone. I realized this challenge was a minute fraction of what others experience in my own country. The toll that feeling—and being— “other” takes on non-white and visibly different people in the US can be extremely painful. Experiencing it firsthand, albeit briefly, benignly, and in relative comfort, I got it.

Unlike the organic Niigata community, work teams, and the workplace itself, have externally driven purposes. Within this different environment, I will strive to exemplify the ongoing mutual awareness that fueled the community life in Niigata. Does it benefit the bottom line, improve the results? I don’t know. But it helps me be the mature, engaged person I want to be, and to appreciate the individuals who are my colleagues and who comprise my professional community. I am now far more conscious of people feeling their “otherness”—even when it’s not in response to negative treatment, it can arise simply from awareness of being in some way different.

What did you think of this essay? Does this middle class Midwesterner have the unique experience of being different from the surrounding majority, something she had not experienced in the United States? Did she encounter diversity from the perspective of “the other”? 

Here a few things to note about why this diversity essay works so well:

1. The writer comes from “a comfortable, suburban, Wisconsin life,” suggesting that her background might not be ethnically, racially, or in any other way diverse.

2. The diversity “points” scored all come from her fascinating experience of having lived in a Japanese farm village, where she immersed herself in a totally different culture.

3. The lessons learned about the meaning of community are what broaden and deepen the writer’s perspective about life, about a purpose-driven life, and about the concept of “otherness.” 

By writing about a time when you experienced diversity in one of its many forms, you can write a memorable and meaningful diversity essay.

Working on your diversity essay?

Want to ensure that your application demonstrates the diversity that your dream school is seeking?  Work with one of our admissions experts . This checklist includes more than 30 different ways to think about diversity to jump-start your creative engine.

Dr. Sundas Ali has more than 15 years of experience teaching and advising students, providing career and admissions advice, reviewing applications, and conducting interviews for the University of Oxford’s undergraduate and graduate programs. In addition, Sundas has worked with students from a wide range of countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, India, Pakistan, China, Japan, and the Middle East. Want Sundas to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! 

Related Resources:

• Different Dimensions of Diversity , podcast Episode 193
• What Should You Do If You Belong to an Overrepresented MBA Applicant Group?
• Fitting In & Standing Out: The Paradox at the Heart of Admissions , a free guide

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How to Write a Cultural Diversity Essay

December 14, 2016

Understanding Cultural Diversity

To write an effective cultural diversity essay, it is crucial to have a clear understanding of what cultural diversity truly means. Cultural diversity refers to the coexistence of different cultures, values, and traditions within a society. It encompasses differences in language, religion, beliefs, customs, and practices. Understanding cultural diversity involves recognizing and appreciating the unique perspectives and experiences that each culture brings.

When writing an essay on cultural diversity, it is important to explore the reasons behind its importance in today’s globalized world. This includes examining how cultural diversity promotes tolerance, understanding, and inclusivity. Additionally, understanding cultural diversity entails acknowledging the challenges and barriers faced by different cultural groups and examining strategies for achieving cultural harmony. By grasping the concept of cultural diversity, you can effectively convey your thoughts and insights in your essay, providing a comprehensive understanding to your readers.

Choosing a Topic for the Essay

Selecting the right topic is vital when writing a cultural diversity essay. With such a broad subject, it is important to narrow down your focus to a specific aspect or issue related to cultural diversity that interests you. Consider topics such as the impact of immigration on cultural diversity, the role of education in promoting cultural acceptance, or the influence of globalization on cultural identity.

When choosing a topic, ensure that it is researchable and allows for a comprehensive exploration of different perspectives. It is important to select a topic that you are passionate about, as this will help you maintain motivation and produce a well-written essay. Furthermore, consider the relevance and significance of your chosen topic in today’s society to ensure that your essay contributes to the discussion and provides valuable insights.

Possible Cultural Diversity Essay Topics:

• The Impact of Immigration on Cultural Diversity
• Cultural Assimilation versus Cultural Preservation
• Cultural Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits and Challenges
• Cultural Stereotypes and their Effects on Society
• Exploring Cultural Identity in a Globalized World
• The Role of Education in Promoting Cultural Acceptance
• Cultural Appropriation: Understanding the Controversy
• Gender Roles and Cultural Diversity
• Traditional versus Modern Practices in Different Cultures
• Cultural Diversity and Social Justice: Addressing Inequality

Organizing Your Thoughts

When writing a cultural diversity essay, it is crucial to organize your thoughts effectively to ensure a coherent and logical flow of ideas. Start by brainstorming and jotting down all the ideas, examples, and arguments that come to mind. Once you have a list of key points, group them into categories or themes that relate to your chosen topic.

Next, create an outline that includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction should provide a brief overview of cultural diversity and present a clear thesis statement. Each body paragraph should focus on a single idea or argument, supported by evidence and examples.

Consider using a logical structure such as comparing and contrasting different perspectives, discussing the historical context, or analyzing the impacts of cultural diversity. Finally, conclude your essay by summarizing your main points and reinforcing the significance of cultural diversity in contemporary society. By organizing your thoughts effectively, you will create a well-structured and impactful cultural diversity essay.

Writing an Effective Introduction

The introduction of a cultural diversity essay is the first opportunity to capture the reader’s attention and provide a clear direction for the essay. To craft an effective introduction, follow these tips:

• Start with a hook: Begin your introduction with an attention-grabbing statement, question, or anecdote that relates to cultural diversity. This will engage the reader and make them curious to learn more.
• Provide background information: Offer a concise background on the topic of cultural diversity, highlighting its significance and relevance in today’s society. This sets the stage for the essay and helps the reader understand the context.
• State the thesis statement: Clearly state your main argument or position on cultural diversity. The thesis statement should be concise, specific, and arguable. It establishes the purpose of the essay and gives the reader a roadmap of what to expect.
• Outline the main points: Briefly mention the main points or arguments that you will discuss in the body of the essay. This gives the reader an overview of the essay’s structure and keeps them engaged.

Remember, the introduction should be concise, captivating, and informative. It should set the tone for the essay and create a strong first impression for the reader. By following these guidelines, you can write an effective introduction that engages the reader and lays the foundation for a compelling cultural diversity essay.

Developing the Main Body

The main body of your cultural diversity essay is where you delve into the key arguments, ideas, and evidence that support your thesis statement. To effectively develop the main body of your essay, consider the following:

• Start with a clear topic sentence: Begin each paragraph with a concise and focused topic sentence that introduces the main point or argument you will discuss. This helps guide the reader through your essay and ensures a coherent flow.
• Provide evidence and examples: Support your arguments with relevant evidence and examples. This can include statistics, research findings, case studies, personal experiences, or cultural anecdotes. Use a mix of primary and secondary sources to strengthen your claims.
• Explore different perspectives: Cultural diversity is a complex and multifaceted topic. Consider discussing different perspectives or contrasting viewpoints within your essay. This demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the subject and enriches your analysis.
• Use logical transitions: Ensure a smooth transition between paragraphs by using logical transitions. Connect ideas between paragraphs to maintain a cohesive and logical flow of thoughts.
• Consider counterarguments: Address potential counterarguments to your thesis statement. Acknowledge and refute opposing viewpoints to strengthen your own arguments and demonstrate critical thinking.

Remember to maintain a balanced approach, provide sufficient evidence for your claims, and avoid generalizations. By developing a well-structured and evidence-based main body in your cultural diversity essay, you can effectively present your ideas and engage the reader in a thought-provoking discussion.

Avoiding Stereotypes

When writing a cultural diversity essay, it is important to avoid stereotypes and generalizations that can perpetuate prejudice and discrimination. Instead, focus on presenting a nuanced and accurate portrayal of cultural diversity that acknowledges the complexity and diversity of different ethnic, racial, and cultural groups. To avoid stereotypes in your essay, consider the following:

• Avoid using sweeping generalizations or attributing traits to entire groups of people based on their cultural background.
• Use specific examples and evidence to illustrate your points and avoid assumptions.
• Acknowledge the diversity within cultures and avoid treating them as monolithic entities.
• Respect and consider multiple perspectives on cultural diversity, acknowledging that cultural experiences are complex and nuanced.

By avoiding stereotypes, you can present a thoughtful and objective analysis of cultural diversity that recognizes the complexity of the subject and contributes to a more informed and inclusive society.

Including Personal Experiences

When writing a cultural diversity essay, incorporating personal experiences can add depth, authenticity, and a unique perspective to your writing. Personal experiences allow you to connect with the topic on a deeper level and provide firsthand insights into cultural diversity. Here’s how to effectively include personal experiences in your cultural diversity essay:

• Choose relevant experiences: Select personal experiences that directly relate to the topic of cultural diversity. This could include encounters with different cultures, cross-cultural friendships, or experiences that highlight the impact of cultural diversity in your own life.
• Reflect on the significance: Share why these experiences are meaningful to you and how they have shaped your understanding of cultural diversity. Reflecting on your experiences adds a personal touch and demonstrates your engagement with the topic.
• Connect to broader themes: Situate your personal experiences within broader themes or issues related to cultural diversity. This could involve discussing the challenges and benefits of embracing cultural differences or sharing examples that highlight the importance of cultural understanding and acceptance.
• Maintain objectivity: While incorporating personal experiences, it is important to strike a balance between personal perspective and objective analysis. Avoid generalizations and ensure that your personal experiences are grounded in critical thinking and supported by evidence and research.

By including personal experiences, you can add a unique dimension to your cultural diversity essay, fostering a deeper connection with readers and enhancing the overall impact of your writing.

Analyzing Cultural Conflict and Harmony

Cultural diversity can often lead to conflicts or misunderstandings between different groups with different beliefs and values. It is important to analyze these conflicts and seek ways to promote harmony and understanding in your cultural diversity essay. Here are some tips for analyzing cultural conflict and harmony in your essay:

• Identify causes of conflict: Explore the underlying factors that contribute to conflict between different cultures. This could include issues such as cultural stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, or misunderstanding.
• Discuss potential solutions: Consider ways to promote cultural harmony and understanding. This could include cultural education, intercultural communication, or promoting inclusive policies that support cultural diversity.
• Highlight success stories: Share examples of cultural harmony or success stories where cultural diversity has been successfully embraced and celebrated.
• Acknowledge challenges: Recognize the challenges involved in achieving cultural harmony, including power imbalances, political and economic factors, and historic tensions.

By analyzing cultural conflict and harmony, you can develop a more nuanced understanding of the complexities and opportunities that arise from cultural diversity. This can lead to meaningful insights and solutions that promote a more inclusive and harmonious society.

Writing the Conclusion

The conclusion of your cultural diversity essay should summarize the key points made in the main body and restate the thesis statement in a clear and concise way. Here’s how to write an effective conclusion for your essay:

• Summarize the key arguments: Begin by summarizing the main arguments or findings presented in the main body of your essay. This reminds the reader of the main points and demonstrates the coherence of your writing.
• Restate the thesis statement: The thesis statement should be restated in the conclusion, using different words to maintain interest and reinforce the message.
• Provide final thoughts: Use the conclusion to provide final thoughts or insights on the topic of cultural diversity. This could include a call to action, a prediction, or a reflection on the implications of the topic.
• Avoid introducing new information: The conclusion is not the place to introduce new information or arguments. Ensure that all ideas presented in the conclusion have been discussed in the main body.
• End with impact: End your conclusion with a lasting impact. This could involve a memorable quote, a thought-provoking question, or a powerful statement.

By following these guidelines, you can write a conclusion that reinforces the main message of your cultural diversity essay and leaves a lasting impression on the reader.

Diversity Essay Example

In today’s globalized world, cultural diversity is an undeniable reality. As I reflect upon my own experiences, I am reminded of the profound impact that cultural diversity has had on my life. Growing up in a multicultural neighborhood, I had the privilege of witnessing firsthand the richness that arises from the coexistence of different cultures.

One particular experience stands out in my memory. During a school project, my classmates and I were tasked with creating a presentation about a culture different from our own. I chose to explore the traditions and customs of an indigenous tribe from my country. Through extensive research and engaging conversations with members of that community, I gained a deeper understanding of their unique way of life.

This project taught me a valuable lesson about cultural diversity. It showed me that diversity is not limited to external appearances or superficial differences. It encompasses a wealth of knowledge, traditions, and perspectives that can enrich our lives and broaden our horizons.

Furthermore, this experience highlighted the importance of cultural respect and empathy. I realized that by approaching cultural diversity with an open mind and genuine curiosity, we can foster meaningful connections with individuals from different backgrounds. Rather than viewing diversity as a challenge or obstacle, it should be seen as an opportunity for growth and understanding.

In conclusion, my personal experiences have provided me with profound insights into the importance of embracing cultural diversity. This diversity essay example demonstrates the transformative power that cultural exchange can have on individuals and communities. By sharing our stories and celebrating our differences, we contribute to a more inclusive and harmonious society that values and respects the richness of cultural diversity.

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The Diversity College Essay: How to Write a Stellar Essay

What’s covered:, what’s covered in a diversity essay, what is a diversity essay, examples of the diversity essay prompt, how to write the diversity college essay after the end of affirmative action, tips for writing a diversity college essay.

The Diversity Essay exists because colleges want a student body that includes different ethnicities, religions, sexual orientations, backgrounds, interests, and so on. The essay asks students to illuminate what sets them apart so that admissions committees can see what kind of diverse views and opinions they can bring to the campus.

In this post, we’ll be going over what exactly a diversity essay is, examples of real prompts and essays, and tips for writing a standout essay. You’ll be well prepared to answer this common essay prompt after reading this post!

Upon hearing the word diversity, many people assume that they have to write about gender and sexuality, class, or race. To many, this can feel overly personal or forced, or can cause students to worry that their identity isn’t unique or interesting enough. In reality, the diversity essay is much broader than many people realize.

Identity means different things to different people, and the important thing is that you demonstrate your uniqueness and what’s important to you. You might write about one of the classic, traditional identity features mentioned above, but you also could consider writing about a more unusual feature of yourself or your life—or even the intersection of two or more identities.

Consider these questions as you think about what to include in your diversity essay:

• Do you have a unique or unusual talent or skill? For example, you might be a person with perfect pitch, or one with a very accurate innate sense of direction.
• Do you have beliefs or values that are markedly different from the beliefs or values of those around you? Perhaps you hold a particular passion for scientific curiosity or truthfulness, even when it’s inconvenient.
• Do you have a hobby or interest that sets you apart from your peers? Maybe you’re an avid birder, or perhaps you love to watch old horror movies.
• Have you done or experienced something that few people have? Note that if you choose to write about a single event as a diverse identity feature, that event should have had a pretty substantial impact on you and your life. Perhaps you’re part of the 0.2% of the world that has run a marathon, or you’ve had the chance to watch wolves hunt in the wild.
• Do you have a role in life that gives you a special outlook on the world? Maybe one of your siblings has a rare disability, or you grew up in a town of less than 500 people.

Of course, if you would rather write about a more classic identity feature, you absolutely should! These questions are intended to help you brainstorm and get you thinking creatively about this prompt. You don’t need to dig deep for an extremely unusual diverse facet of yourself or your personality. If writing about something like ability, ethnicity, or gender feels more representative of your life experience, that can be an equally strong choice!

You should think expansively about your options and about what really demonstrates your individuality, but the most important thing is to be authentic and choose a topic that is truly meaningful to you.

Diversity essay prompts come up in both personal statements and supplemental essays. As with all college essays, the purpose of any prompt is to better understand who you are and what you care about. Your essays are your chance to share your voice and humanize your application. This is especially true for the diversity essay, which aims to understand your unique perspectives and experiences, as well as the ways in which you might contribute to a college community.

It’s worth noting that diversity essays are used in all kinds of selection processes beyond undergrad admissions—they’re seen in everything from graduate admissions to scholarship opportunities. You may very well need to write another diversity essay later in life, so it’s a good idea to get familiar with this essay archetype now.

If you’re not sure whether your prompt is best answered by a diversity essay, consider checking out our posts on other essay archetypes, like “Why This College?” , “Why This Major?” , and the Extracurricular Activity Essay .

The best-known diversity essay prompt is from the Common App . The first prompt states:

“Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story.”

Some schools also have individual diversity essay prompts. For example, here’s one from Duke University :

“We believe a wide range of personal perspectives, beliefs, and lived experiences are essential to making Duke a vibrant and meaningful living and learning community. Feel free to share with us anything in this context that might help us better understand you and what you might bring to our community.” (250 words)

And here’s one from Rice :

“Rice is strengthened by its diverse community of learning and discovery that produces leaders and change agents across the spectrum of human endeavor. What perspectives shaped by your background, experiences, upbringing, and/or racial identity inspire you to join our community of change agents at Rice?” (500 words)

In all instances, colleges want you to demonstrate how and what you’ll contribute to their communities.

In June 2023, the Supreme Court overturned the use of affirmative action in college admissions, meaning that colleges are no longer able to directly factor race into admissions decisions. Despite this ruling, you can still discuss your racial or ethnic background in your Common App or supplemental essays.

If your race or ethnic heritage is important to you, we strongly recommend writing about it in one of your essays, as this is now one of the only ways that admissions committees are able to consider it as a factor in your admission.

Many universities still want to hear about your racial background and how it has impacted you, so you are likely to see diversity essays show up more frequently as part of supplemental essay packets. Remember, if you are seeing this kind of prompt, it’s because colleges care about your unique identity and life experience, and believe that these constitute an important part of viewing your application holistically. To learn more about how the end of affirmative action is impacting college admissions, check out our post for more details .

1. Highlight what makes you stand out.

A common misconception is that diversity only refers to aspects—such as ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or socioeconomic status. While these are standard measures of diversity, you can be diverse in other ways. These ways includes (but aren’t limited to) your:

• Interests, hobbies, and talents
• Perspectives, values, and opinions
• Experiences
• Personality traits

Ask yourself which aspects of your identity are most central to who you are. Are these aspects properly showcased in other portions of your application? Do you have any interests, experiences, or traits you want to highlight?

For instance, maybe you’re passionate about reducing food waste. You might love hiking and the outdoors. Or, maybe you’re a talented self-taught barber who’s given hundreds of free haircuts in exchange for donations to charity.

The topic of your essay doesn’t have to be crazy or even especially unique. You just want to highlight whatever is important to you, and how this thing shapes who you are. You might still want to write about a more common aspect of identity. If so, there are strong ways to do so.

If you do choose to write about a more common trait (for example, maybe your love of running), do so in a way that tells your story. Don’t just write an ode to running and how it’s stress-relieving and pushes you past your limits. Share your journey with us⁠—for instance, maybe you used to hate it, but you changed your mind one day and eventually trained to run a half marathon. Or, take us through your thought process during a race. The topic in itself is important, but how you write about it is even more important.

2. Share an anecdote.

One easy way to make your essay more engaging is to share a relevant and related story. The beginning of your essay is a great place for that, as it draws the reader in immediately. For instance, the following student chose to write about their Jewish identity, and opened the essay with a vivid experience of being discriminated against:

“I was thirsty. In my wallet was a lone $10 bill, ultimately useless at my school’s vending machine. Tasked with scrounging together the $1 cost of a water bottle, I fished out and arranged the spare change that normally hid at the bottom of my backpack in neat piles of nickels and dimes on my desk. I swept them into a spare Ziploc and began to leave when a classmate snatched the bag and held it above my head.

“Want your money back, Jew?” she chanted, waving the coins around. I had forgotten the Star-of-David around my neck, but quickly realized she must have seen it and connected it to the stacks of coins. I am no stranger to experiencing and confronting antisemitism, but I had never been targeted in my school before.”

An anecdote allows readers to experience what you’re describing, and to feel as if they’re there with you. This can ultimately help readers better relate to you.

Brainstorm some real-life stories relevant to the trait you want to feature. Possibilities include: a meaningful interaction, achieving a goal, a conflict, a time you felt proud of the trait (or ashamed of it), or the most memorable experience related to the trait. Your story could even be something as simple as describing your mental and emotional state while you’re doing a certain activity.

Whatever you decide on, consider sharing that moment in media res , or “in the middle of things.” Take us directly to the action in your story so we can experience it with you.

3. Show, don’t tell.

If you simply state what makes you diverse, it’s really easy for your essay to end up sounding bland. The writer of the previous essay example could’ve simply stated “I’m Jewish and I’ve had to face antisemitism.” This is a broad statement that doesn’t highlight their unique personal experiences. It doesn’t have the same emotional impact.

Instead, the writer illustrated an actual instance where they experienced antisemitism, which made the essay more vivid and easier to relate to. Even if we’re not Jewish ourselves, we can feel the anger and pain of being taunted for our background. This story is also unique to the writer’s life⁠—while others may have experienced discrimination, no one else will have had the exact same encounter.

As you’re writing, constantly evaluate whether or not you’re sharing a unique perspective. If what you write could’ve been written by someone else with a similar background or interest, you need to get more granular. Your personal experiences are what will make your essay unique, so share those with your reader.

4. Discuss how your diversity shapes your outlook and actions.

It’s important to describe not only what your unique traits and experiences are, but also how they shape who you are. You don’t have to explicitly say “this is how X trait impacts me” (you actually shouldn’t, as that would be telling instead of showing). Instead, you can reveal the impact of your diversity through the details you share.

Maybe playing guitar taught you the importance of consistent effort. Show us this through a story of how you tackled an extremely difficult piece you weren’t sure you could handle. Show us the calluses on your fingers, the knit brows as you tinkered with the chords, the countless lessons with your teacher. Show us your elation as you finally performed the piece.

Remember that colleges learn not just about who you are, but also about what you might contribute to their community. Take your essay one step farther and show admissions officers how your diversity impacts the way you approach your life.

Where to Get Your Diversity Essay Edited

Do you want feedback on your diversity essay? After rereading your essays countless times, it can be difficult to evaluate your writing objectively. That’s why we created our free Peer Essay Review tool , where you can get a free review of your essay from another student. You can also improve your own writing skills by reviewing other students’ essays.

If you want a college admissions expert to review your essay, advisors on CollegeVine have helped students refine their writing and submit successful applications to top schools. Find the right advisor for you to improve your chances of getting into your dream school!

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How to Write a Diversity Essay - Step-by-Step Guide

Think of a diversity essay as your chance to share what makes you unique and how your experiences have shaped you. Diversity can include race, ethnicity, gender, background, sexual orientation, religion, etc. 

This essay allows you to show what you bring to a community that values different perspectives. You can highlight why you're a great fit for schools or organizations celebrating diverse backgrounds by telling your story. 

This guide will help you write a strong diversity essay, with tips and advice on sharing your unique journey and what you can contribute. Should you need a faster solution, drop us a line, saying, ‘ write my papers now,’ and our authors will address your concert shortly.

What Is a Diversity Essay

By definition, diversity essays are personal narratives that highlight how one's unique background, experiences, and perspectives contribute to the diversity of a community or institution. 

Colleges and organizations often require a diversity essay as part of their application process to understand how you can enrich their environment with your distinct viewpoints. 

Diversity essays aim to demonstrate how your diversity can bring new ideas, foster understanding, and contribute to the growth and inclusivity of the community you aim to join. Do you need help with this assignment? Our custom research paper writing facilities are at your disposal 24/7.

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Why Writing a Diversity Essay Is So Important

Writing a diversity essay is crucial as it allows individuals to celebrate and promote inclusivity, fostering understanding and empathy within communities. 

What Themes You Can Touch Upon in the Essay

Diversity embraces the issue of differences among individuals, including, but not limited to, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, age, religion, and ability. It celebrates the uniqueness and richness that each person brings to the table. 

Inclusion, on the other hand, is the deliberate and proactive effort to create an environment where everyone feels valued, respected, and supported, regardless of their differences. Here's a list of 10 interesting questions to explore on diversity and inclusion. 

• How does diversity contribute to the social and economic vitality of communities?
• What are the key benefits of fostering a culture of inclusion in workplaces and educational institutions?
• How do stereotypes and biases hinder efforts toward diversity and inclusion, and what can be done to combat them?
• What role do government policies and legislation play in promoting diversity and inclusion?
• How can media representation influence perceptions of diversity and contribute to inclusivity or discrimination?
• What strategies can address systemic barriers to inclusion, particularly for marginalized groups?
• How can educational curricula be adapted to reflect diverse perspectives and histories better?
• What are the responsibilities of individuals and institutions in advancing diversity and inclusion efforts?
• How can intersectionality be better understood and addressed in diversity and inclusion initiatives?
• What are some successful case studies or best practices for promoting diversity and inclusion in various sectors, and how can they be replicated or adapted in different contexts?

Alternatively, you can simply buy essay papers from our writers and take care of other more important things on your to-do list set for today.

Diversity Essay Topics

Diversity topics that generate significant interest and discussion revolve around intersectionality, allyship, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marginalized communities. 

Intersectionality explores the overlapping systems of oppression that individuals face based on their intersecting identities, such as race, gender, sexuality, and disability, highlighting the importance of addressing multiple forms of discrimination simultaneously. 

Allyship has emerged as a critical concept, focusing on the role of individuals, particularly those from privileged groups, in actively supporting and advocating for marginalized communities. Here’s a list of topics that will definitely kickstart your creativity:

• Cultural diversity in modern society.
• Gender equality in workplaces.
• LGBTQ+ representation in media.
• First black woman in space .
• Disability rights and inclusion.
• Immigration stories: Siversity's tapestry.
• Religious tolerance: Embracing differences.
• Diversity in technology: Breaking barriers.
• Allyship: Supporting marginalized voices.
• Neurodiversity: Unique abilities, equal value.
• Family diversity: Redefining norms.
• Sports and inclusion: Fair play for all.
• Indigenous rights and environmental advocacy.
• Intersectional feminism: Advocating for all.
• Economic diversity: Bridging opportunity gaps.
• Diversity in literature: Reflecting realities.
• Disability representation in media.
• Multiculturalism: Strength through unity.
• Mental health awareness: Breaking stigmas.
• Global perspectives on diversity.

In case there’s little time left until submission, which prevents you from researching one of these topics, you can use our assignment writing service to expedite the process.

Diversity Essay Writing Tips

The most challenging aspect for students writing a diversity essay is often navigating the balance between personal experience and broader societal issues, ensuring their narrative resonates without oversimplifying complex issues. Additionally, grappling with their biases and privileges while discussing diversity can be difficult, requiring introspection and empathy. 

Lastly, when working on a topic such as women in STEM , effectively conveying the importance of diversity and inclusion while avoiding clichés or tokenism requires thoughtful reflection and nuanced storytelling. But with these tips, your next composition will be nothing short of a success!

Start with a Strong Introduction

From the beginning, capture the reader's attention with a compelling opening statement, anecdote, or question. Clearly state the purpose of your diversity essay and what you hope to achieve with it.

Authenticity Matters

Be genuine and sincere in sharing your experiences or perspectives on diversity. Avoid exaggeration or trying to fit into preconceived notions of what diversity should look like. Your unique voice and perspective are valuable.

Reflect on Your Journey

Reflect on your experiences with diversity, whether they involve cultural encounters, overcoming biases, or learning from diverse perspectives. Your personal stories and insights will add depth and authenticity to your essay.

Personalize Your Story

Use specific examples and anecdotes to illustrate your points. Share personal experiences that highlight your understanding of diversity and inclusion and their impact on your life or community. Personal narratives can make your essay more engaging and memorable.

Focus on Impact

Reflect on the significance of diversity and inclusion in your life or field of interest. Discuss how diversity has enriched your experiences, contributed to your personal growth, or influenced your perspective on various issues. Emphasize the positive outcomes and lessons learned from embracing diversity.

Highlight Your Contributions and Actions

Showcase your efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in your community, workplace, or academic environment. Discuss any leadership roles, projects, or initiatives where you have actively contributed to fostering diversity and equity.

Consider Multiple Perspectives

Acknowledge the complexity of diversity by considering various dimensions such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, religion, and ability. Show empathy and understanding towards different viewpoints, even if they differ from your own. Avoid oversimplifying or generalizing diverse experiences.

Address Challenges and Solutions

Discuss the obstacles and challenges marginalized communities or individuals face due to discrimination, prejudice, or systemic barriers. Propose practical solutions or strategies for promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in your community, workplace, or society. Demonstrate your commitment to being an agent of positive change.

Seek Feedback and Revise

Before submitting your essay, seek feedback from a peer, mentor, or trusted advisor. Consider their suggestions for improving clarity, coherence, and impact. Revise your essay to ensure your message effectively conveys and resonates with your audience. Also, we recommend that you read this article on how to write a speech that resonates with your audience.

Diversity Essay Examples

Final thoughts.

Diversity essays allow students to explore and articulate their perspectives on inclusivity, equity, and celebrating differences, fostering self-awareness and empathy. 

However, students may encounter challenges articulating their thoughts or ensuring their essays effectively convey their message. In such cases, you can buy an argumentative essay from expert writers who can provide valuable support.

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Why Write a Diversity Essay?

What is most important to focus on in my diversity essay, how to write a diversity essay.

Daniel Parker

is a seasoned educational writer focusing on scholarship guidance, research papers, and various forms of academic essays including reflective and narrative essays. His expertise also extends to detailed case studies. A scholar with a background in English Literature and Education, Daniel’s work on EssayPro blog aims to support students in achieving academic excellence and securing scholarships. His hobbies include reading classic literature and participating in academic forums.

is an expert in nursing and healthcare, with a strong background in history, law, and literature. Holding advanced degrees in nursing and public health, his analytical approach and comprehensive knowledge help students navigate complex topics. On EssayPro blog, Adam provides insightful articles on everything from historical analysis to the intricacies of healthcare policies. In his downtime, he enjoys historical documentaries and volunteering at local clinics.

• Added questions for self-reflection.
• Updated topics.
• Added new essay examples.
• Added FAQs.
• Gundy, A. (2024, April 8). 7 Great Diversity Essay Examples and Why They Worked. Lumiere Education. https://www.lumiere-education.com/post/7-great-diversity-essay-examples-and-why-they-worked
• Futures, I. (2023, November 17). 3 Diversity Essay Examples For Business School. Inspira Futures. https://www.inspirafutures.com/blog/diversity-essay-examples
• Diversity Essay. (n.d.). School of Industrial Engineering - Purdue University. https://engineering.purdue.edu/IE/academics/graduate/future/diversity  

Importance of Cultural Diversity Essay

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

Cultural diversity refers to inclusion of individuals of varying age, gender, race, ethnicity, relationship status, educational achievement, income, and sexual orientation, among other dimensions. The practice is important in development because engaging children in culturally responsive learning experiences help them build critical skills such as self-confidence. Such children become more aware of themselves, learn how to appreciate and respect diverse beliefs and cultures. Approximately 96% of major employers favor employees who can work effectively with colleagues and clients from diverse cultures (Wells et al., 2016). Furthermore, fostering cultural diversity can improve children’s cognitive skills. Wells et al. (2016) reported that exposure to people who are from different cultures helps promote critical and problem-solving skills due to the diversity of ideas and perspectives.

Moreover, it is imperative to be competent when working with children and families of diverse/exceptional backgrounds to design outreach and communication strategies that respond to their unique needs (socioeconomic, cultural, and linguistic). Understanding the values and beliefs of these groups can also foster inclusion and sense of belonging. Cultural competence can help avoid imposing values on others. Racial prejudice occurs in schools partly because people have preexisting notions about people from different backgrounds. Promoting inclusivity in the school setting helps discourage racial discrimination by eliminating the preexisting assumptions and celebrating personal differences. Campaigns such as the Black Lives Matter may be attributed to lack of inclusion and appreciation of different cultures.

Cultural diversity has evolved significantly from what was perceived to be acceptance and belonging in the year 1970. For instance, the discussion of inclusivity in the 1970s focused on primary (race, ethnicity, gender, and disability status) and secondary (.e.g., sexual orientation, educational background, first language, family status, income level, and communication style) dimensions of cultural diversity. Consequently, some of the challenges parents would face addressing an issue of “diversity, acceptance and belonging” with the school administrators that impacted your child’s schooling during this period include racial discrimination, gender bias, prejudice based on sexual orientation, ethnic inequality in access to educational resources and opportunities, and intolerance to different cultures. Today, such a conversation would depict an expanded scope which goes beyond simple demographic variables to include tertiary dimensions such as individual values, beliefs, assumptions, perceptions, attitudes, and feelings.

Wells, A. S., Fox, L., & Cordova-Cobo, D. (2016). How racially diverse schools and classrooms can benefit all students . The Century Foundation. Web.

• Communicating Cross-Culturally: Indian and Japanese Workers
• Defining Common Sense: Jesimin’s Story
• Pre-Existing Health Conditions
• Types of Secondary and Tertiary Packaging
• Practicing Racial Inclusivity Strategies in Organization
• Elements in Cross-Cultural Communication Competence
• The Concept of Expectancy Violations Theory
• “The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People” by David Covey
• Leadership: Communication as Important Aspects of Leadership
• The Role of Media in Multicultural Communication
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2022, July 1). Importance of Cultural Diversity. https://ivypanda.com/essays/importance-of-cultural-diversity/

"Importance of Cultural Diversity." IvyPanda , 1 July 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/importance-of-cultural-diversity/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'Importance of Cultural Diversity'. 1 July.

IvyPanda . 2022. "Importance of Cultural Diversity." July 1, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/importance-of-cultural-diversity/.

1. IvyPanda . "Importance of Cultural Diversity." July 1, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/importance-of-cultural-diversity/.

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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Cultural Diversity — Aspects Of Cultural Diversity

Aspects of Cultural Diversity

• Categories: Cultural Diversity Social Cohesion

About this sample

Words: 673 |

Published: Mar 19, 2024

Words: 673 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

Table of contents

What is cultural diversity, the role of cultural diversity in identity formation, promoting social cohesion and understanding, challenges and solutions, cultural diversity as a catalyst for creativity and innovation, in conclusion.

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Cultural Diversity Essay: Topics, Tips, & Example

Benefits & challenges of cultural diversity.

• 💡 51 Essay Topics
• 📑 Outlining Your Paper
• ✍️ Essay Example

🔗 References

🎎 cultural diversity essay: the key issues.

What does cultural diversity mean? That’s what we need to understand before we start writing. Cultural diversity is when several cultures are mixed.

Take America, for example.

You can taste a vast number of national cuisines. Or you can hear a lot of national music. All that is due to different cultures co-existing here together.

Cultural diversity can be confused with multiculturalism. The first concept means the way society deals with multiple cultures in one place. The second one assumes that the more cultures interact, the better. And there are many ways this interaction can go.

There are two main theories of multiculturalism :

• The melting pot theory. That holds the idea of different cultures “melting” together. They lose their individual features completely, forming one single culture. The situation with American immigrants shows this pretty well.
• The salad bowl theory. The less grim theory describes not full but partial cultural losses. The cultures here don’t cease to exist in order to become one. They rather co-exist, keeping their uniqueness intact. Sounds great, but it leaves more room for discrimination and conflicts.

Cultural diversity is an issue that affects several aspects. Mostly education, business, and the economy in general. And every issue has its pros and cons. Here are some good things and challenges that cultural diversity can bring to a business company.

Cultural diversity benefits:

• More competitive teams
• More markets available
• New cultural horizons
• More creativity
• More skills

Cultural diversity challenges:

• Risks of misunderstandings
• Problems with productivity
• Risks of unhealthy competition
• More stereotypes
• More red tape
• Diverse cultures – diverse teams. And diversion in a group leads to more perspectives on issues the team faces. It keeps the atmosphere fresh and competitive. And as long as you keep this competitive spirit healthy, you are good to go.
• More cultures – more markets available. Diverse companies have more information about foreign markets. Thanks to the fact that for some employees, foreign markets are not foreign at all. As a result, you are less likely to create an offensive ad or product.
• More diverse – more attractive. Trying to find employees with different cultures can be beneficial. You may find a hidden talent for your company. And attract new applicants by opening new cultural horizons.
• More diversity – more creativity. An international team focuses on different experiences in one place. And such a team always comes out with a stream of fresh ideas.
• More diversity – more skills. People with different cultural backgrounds have different skill sets. With that, your company would have way more possibilities. Coming up with a new product or service will become a much easier task.
• Different cultures – different etiquette. Business etiquette is something that differs from culture to culture. It can sometimes lead to misunderstandings or conflicts within the team.
• Different people – different ways to work. Workers from Europe are used to the idea of individuality. Asian employees tend to work as a single organism. Now imagine what happens if you make these folks work together. Correct, a lot of problems with productivity that you’ll need to solve.
• More cultures – more competition. And as we said before, you always need to keep this competition in check. Once it stops being healthy, you will have some voices of the team silenced. And some others will become needlessly loud.
• More cultures – more stereotypes. And stereotypes can lead to barriers between employees. You don’t want your team to fight over nationality issues. So, you should prepare to fight possible prejudices that can occur.
• More foreigners – more red tape. This is a purely practical problem. Law that covers foreigners’ work conditions can be tricky to follow. Additional expenses, necessary documents, and accommodation. All of this need attention, so make sure to give it.

💡 51 Cultural Diversity Essay Topics

Making a cultural diversity essay topic is easy and complicated at the same time. The vastness of the issue gives a lot of possible options. But choosing the option you want can be a bit tricky. Here are some ideas for a possible topic.

• Cultural diversity now and in the medieval ages.
• Multiculturalism is the best way to handle diversity in cultures.
• What misunderstandings can occur between Asian and European business people?
• Tensions between the British and the French: roots and misconceptions.
• Can cultural diversity be unethical?
• Possible alternatives to a multicultural society.
• The importance of language in forming a culture.
• What are the musical tastes of different cultures?
• Women in Muslim societies: the kingdom of strangers.
• Art as a source of cultural knowledge.
• Hispanic American diversity.
• Creating a culturally diverse company in America and China: compare and contrast.
• Diversity & discrimination of women in the workplace.
• Traditional music as a way to know the culture.
• Aboriginal and Chinese Australians: cultural diversity.
• Cultural diversity as a business practice.
• Diversity at the workplace: problem and importance.
• The myth of Irish people being drunks.
• The ethnic diversity in the U.S. metropolitan areas.
• The role of women in different cultures.
• Cultural movement: hip-hop-related films.
• Comparing the most and the least diverse countries in the world.
• Issues of cross-cultural communication.
• Integrating refugees into society and the way to do it right.
• Women and economics: historical and or cultural change.
• The role of the Internet in cultural diversity.
• Cross-cultural communication and barriers.
• Studying abroad. What to prepare for and how to adjust your cultural background.
• Socio-cultural contributions to gender roles.
• The American and the Chinese take on education.
• Universalism vs. cultural relativism in human rights.
• The vital role of cultural heritage.
• Intercultural and cross-cultural communication research.
• The connection between globalization and cultural diversity.
• Family, cultural legacies, and identity formation.
• Different attitudes towards children in different cultures.
• Cultural and traditional values’ importance in society.
• The wrongs of The Melting Pot theory.
• Different aspects of intercultural nonverbal communication.
• The art of making a gift in different countries.
• Chinese culture and cross-cultural communication.
• The biological necessity of cultural diversity.
• Intercultural relationship and communication.
• Cultural diversity in healthcare.
• Intercultural assumptions, prejudices and viewpoints.
• How to promote cultural diversity in schools? The right and the wrong ways.
• Multicultural competence and cultural identity.
• Diversity awareness is a part of any rational mind.
• Cross-cultural differences and interactions.
• The issue of some cultures being violent.
• Food anthropology as the study of food in diverse cultures.

Need more ideas? You are welcome to use our title-making tool !

📑 Cultural Diversity Essay Outline

Every essay needs planning first, and you will need an outline for that. An outline for an essay on cultural diversity has a lot in common with any other essay layout. Let’s see an example of one.

Cultural Diversity Essay Introduction

The introduction serves 3 goals:

• grab readers’ attention,
• provide them with a thesis statement,
• give background information.

The introduction leads your audience to the topic and gives an overall impression of the following text.

An introduction usually includes:

• Background information. Information that the reader needs to know before going deeper into the essay.
• Hook. Serves an attention-grabbing purpose. A hook is usually a controversial or intriguing statement that makes the reader interested in further material.
• For example: “All Irish people are drunks, and all French people like to surrender, right? Wrong.”
• Thesis statement. A thesis gives the general idea of the whole essay. This one can be a huge pain to make. Shortly speaking, it must be concise, brief, and open for discussion. For example:

“While cultural diversity creates a lot of problems, multiculturalism that encourages every culture and discovers new ways to fight prejudice can be the best solution.”

Cultural Diversity Essay Body

The body of an essay is the most significant part of it. In a 5-paragraph work , your body will consist of 3 paragraphs. Each should describe one of the arguments you used to support your thesis.

Cultural Diversity Essay Conclusion

It’s the last paragraph of your assignment that sums up all the text above. You don’t need to add anything new in a conclusion . Just restate your position and show how your arguments helped you prove it.

✍️ Cultural Diversity Essay Example

And finally, let’s take a look at a complete sample of a cultural diversity essay.

Taking note of the disparities in ethnicity, income, health, locations, and education between the two groups described in the foregoing discussions, one cannot fail to recognize the importance of cultural competence in providing various services, including food services to different ethno-cultural groups in the U.S. society. To achieve cultural competence in a food service organization, it is imperative for food service directors to make various accommodations in the workplace. Making culturally competent accommodations in the workplace is essential for a number of reasons listed in the below paragraphs.

The number of aging Americans is projected to increase by the year 2030, and, according to the Healthy People 2010 report, there is a need to eliminate disparities in service delivery by encouraging outreach to the underserved populations, including those in economic need, minorities, and elderly people (85 years and over) (Reppas, Rosenzweig and National Policy and Resource Center on Nutrition and Aging, Florida International University par. 3). As a result, nutrition programs form the basis for promoting health, and therefore it is important for food service providers to promote the provision of culturally competent services through acquiring and training culturally sensitive staff (Reppas et al. par. 4).

Most importantly, there is a need for food service staff and volunteers, especially those serving the elderly population, which comprise people from diverse cultures, to have relevant cultural competency skills, such as compassion, respect, and empathy to ensure that their services are appreciated and valued by the primary customers (Reppas et al. para. 4-6).

Today’s business culture demands that an organization recruits and retains a diverse workforce by creating an environment that accommodates and values the employees’ knowledge, values, beliefs, culture, and skills. This can be achieved through integrating culturally competent values into the organization’s mission, business strategies, and vision. As a result, this move will encourage employees to share their ideas, skills, and innovations, which will contribute to the success and growth of the entire organization.

A culturally diverse workplace encourages equity and increases staff skills in different departments, especially customer care where language skills and cultural competence are imperative because of the need for the staff to understand and communicate efficiently with the primary customers. In a culturally diverse environment, employees are given the opportunity to interact and learn from their colleagues. This experience exposes them to new ideas and skills for decision making, which will result in responsive service delivery to people from different cultures.

And with that, all that is left to do is wish you good luck on your assignment. By the way, if you’ll need to make a title page for your cultural diversity essay, you might want to use our title page generator .

Let us know which part of the article you found the most useful, and have a great day! Thank you for your time.

❓ Cultural Diversity FAQ

What does cultural diversity mean.

Cultural diversity is a situation when several cultures co-exist together. The bigger the number – the more diverse community is. The term can include representation and acknowledgment of each culture.

How to promote cultural diversity in schools?

Promoting diversity in a school can be achieved in various ways. Hiring a diverse team of teachers or organizing student meetings. Having regular open conversations on inequality is also a good idea. All of that can contribute to the cause significantly.

How to promote cultural diversity in the workplace?

Diversity in the workplace can benefit from different things:

• Forming multicultural teams.
• Encouraging less represented cultures.
• Hiring mentors to work the issue through.

How do you promote cultural diversity in early childhood?

Letting your child interact with members of different cultures can be incredibly beneficial. It will erase any possibility of forming a prejudice. The market lately is blooming with children’s literature covering diversity issues. Make sure to use it well.

• Cultural diversity – UNESCO
• The Importance of Diversity in the Classroom | Drexel University
• Multiculturalism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
• Culture and diversity – NSW Department of Education
• What Is Multiculturalism? Definition, Theories, and Examples
• Multiculturalism | Definition, Impact, Challenges, & Facts

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Cultural Diversity Essay | Essay on Cultural Diversity for Students and Children in English

February 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Cultural Diversity Essay: Cultural diversity refers to the different forms of cultures co-existing in the same society. It is an aspect that opposes monoculture, which can lead to cultural decay.

The existence of cultural diversity ensures respect for all the communities that exist in a single society. Cultural diversity is a global demand that ensures progress to the human race.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Cultural Diversity for Students and Kids in English

We provide students with essay samples on Long Cultural Diversity essay of 500 words and short essay of 150 words on the same topic for reference.

Long Essay on Cultural Diversity 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Cultural Diversity is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Cultural diversity is about appreciating the society that consists of people who vary in interests, skills, talents, and demand to be recognized for having their religion, beliefs and sexual orientation. A term that is closely related to cultural diversity is ‘equality’. The existence of cultural diversity should be accompanied by equality, where every individual is treated equally regardless of their difference from one another.

Demographic factors, as well as cultural norms, can make a person ‘diverse’ from another. Other factors such as caste, creed, sex, religion and morals induce a boundary between people, but the identity of a person is often juxtaposed with their culture. Cultural diversity thus establishes a better understanding between people and helps to strengthen society.

The World Day of Cultural Diversity is celebrated on 21st of May as declared by the UN General Assembly. The universal declaration of cultural diversity by UNESCO was in the year 2001 that recognizes cultural diversity as a ‘common heritage of humanity’. This makes cultural diversity a fundamental right of every individual and safeguards their interests. Survival International and UNESCO are some of the organizations that work to protect threatened societies and cultures.

However, the misuse of cultural diversity includes the promotion of poverty in underdeveloped countries. Other unethical practices as recognized by WHO and UN including polygamy, child marriages, human sacrifice, female genital mutilation are strictly unethical. They should not be practised under the name of “cultural diversity”.

The benefits of cultural diversity include inspiring each other, which can result in better understanding and productivity, helps in creating a pool of talent along with the exchange of innovative ideas. Cultural sensitivity helps one respect, demonstrate and appreciate other forms of culture. Cultural diversity opens the room for cultural exchange which allows people to discuss on universal issues that can have a global impact. However, without commitment, cultural diversity can lead to misunderstandings between a group of people and give rise to awkwardness and cause an imbalance.

Protection of the rights of minorities and providing them with the right amount of proper facilities, social interaction with every cast and creed help in promoting cultural diversity within the community and thus maintain communal harmony. Information exchange forming the very backbone of evolution, which has been further aided in recent times using modern technology and the avid usage on the internet, which is readily available.

An individual is a slave to the culture they inherit, still, when living in a culturally diverse society, they gain knowledge and are inspired from other cultures that co-exist which influence on the decisions they make, the outcomes of which are what welcomes cultural revolution. As we have all descended from a single population, it is communication and the transformation of information that has given rise to cultural diversity within a society.

In conclusion, it is our responsibility to preserve the cultural diversity that exists in our society, raise out voice against discrimination and the practice of illegal acts under the name of promoting “cultural diversity”, to sustain better living conditions for ourselves and the world around us.

Short Essay on Cultural Diversity 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Cultural Diversity is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

‘Cultural diversity’ is a term opposing monoculture that means equality for the diverse and varying forms of culture that exists in a society. Cultural diversity is an essential element for sustainable development of individuals, communities and countries. Respecting, protecting and maintaining the uniqueness of every culture makes humane moral stronger and builds a mutual understanding among people.

The people should be sensitized that promoting cultural diversity, which helps in building communal harmony is the first step towards the growth of a nation. Discrimination based on religion, caste, creed, sexual orientation, ethnicity, nationality, socioeconomic status, physical abilities, beliefs and values is what prevents people from being able to co-exist mutually because such discrimination comes from not practising cultural diversity.

A stereotypical mindset would never consider expanding their horizon unless exposed raw to the benefits to cultural exchange in building a healthier society. Without exploiting the rights of cultural diversity, it is possible to celebrate every human and to help each other for a better future.

10 Lines on Cultural Diversity Essay in English

• Cultural diversity supports the idea that every individual has a unique and positive contribution to make in society.
• Valuing cultural diversity comes from learning and understanding others who are not the same.
• Discrimination between people hinders the bloom of cultural diversity.
• Contributions from different cultures make society rich.
• Exploitations of Cultural diversity should be at a constant check even at the remotest places.
• The Exploitation of workers and markets under the influence of multinational corporations has a negative effect on cultural diversity.
• Easy access to the digital world promotes cultural amalgamation.
• The different religious and cultural backgrounds are the key aspects of understanding diversity.
• Cultural diversity rights are enforced by global or organizations like the UN and UNESCO.
• Preservation of ‘cultural minorities’ thought to be endangered.

FAQ’s on Cultural Diversity Essay

Question 1. What is cultural diversity at UNESCO?

Answer: The Heritage education for sustainable development project aims in making the bond between culture and education stronger for sustainable development, within the framework of DESD and UNESCO’s work on protecting and promoting cultural diversity.

Question 2. How does cultural diversity affect us?

Answer: Cultural diversity exposes us to different ways of lifestyle and people, thus helping us understand us in a better and more respectful way.

Question 3. Can cultural diversity affect human decision making?

Answer: Yes, at times, cultural diversity can affect decision making due to difference in opinions that can differ from people to people according to varying culture and experiences.

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19 Cultural Diversity Examples

Sanam Vaghefi (PhD Candidate)

Sanam Vaghefi (BSc, MA) is a Sociologist, educator and PhD Candidate. She has several years of experience at the University of Victoria as a teaching assistant and instructor. Her research on sociology of migration and mental health has won essay awards from the Canadian Sociological Association and the IRCC. Currently, she is am focused on supporting students online under her academic coaching and tutoring business Lingua Academic Coaching OU.

Learn about our Editorial Process

Chris Drew (PhD)

This article was peer-reviewed and edited by Chris Drew (PhD). The review process on Helpful Professor involves having a PhD level expert fact check, edit, and contribute to articles. Reviewers ensure all content reflects expert academic consensus and is backed up with reference to academic studies. Dr. Drew has published over 20 academic articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education and holds a PhD in Education from ACU.

Cultural diversity refers to the variety of cultures existing together in a place or community. This place of community may exist in a setting as small as a workplace or as large as a continent.

Sometimes, cultural diversity can also be referred to as multiculturalism, especially in larger settings.

Many countries in the Global North, such as the United States and Canada, are culturally diverse as a result of migration.

In the Global South, the presence of different local communities make countries such as China and India culturally diverse.

Definition of Cultural Diversity

Diversity refers to the plurality and variety of identities and/or belongings in a social setting.

“A group is diverse if it is composed of individuals who differ on a characteristic on which they base their own social identity ” (O’Reilly et al., 1998, p. 186).

One of these important characteristics is culture, or cultural identity, which refers to one’s system of beliefs, values, traditions, norms, and shared meanings (Cox, 1994). This system can be based on one’s ethnic, racial, religious, regional, or political affiliation.

Therefore, cultural diversity can be defined as:

“…the representation, in one social system, of people with distinctly different group affiliations of cultural significance”. (Cox, 1994, p. 4)

Cultural Diversity Examples

• Languages: A society with diverse cultures may contain a wide range of spoken languages, while usually having one common language that all members speak either as a first or second language. For example, in Canada, French and English are both spoken as first languages in the nation and share official status.
• Religion: Different religions or spiritual beliefs, such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism, often exist within a multicultural society.
• Food: When people migrate, they bring their culinary practices with them. This helps to develop amazing food cultures in cosmopolitan nations around the world.
• Holidays and festivals: Nations with great cultural diversity tend to celebrate the holidays and festivals of each culture, proudly showing-off the nation’s diversity and rich tapestry of traditions.
• Clothing: Clothing styles, traditional dress, and adornments are often unique to a cultural group. A culturally diverse environment will often encourage and accept people’s different modes of dress.
• Art and architecture: Different styles of art and architecture emerge from different cultures around the world.
• Music and dance: Music and dance exist across all cultures, but styles vary significantly. When cultures merge, we often see fusion of styles to create new hybrid styles.
• Family structures: Different family structures, such as nuclear, extended, or communal families, exist across cultures. In a diverse society, we’ll see people from a range of different types of families .
• Education: In the education systems of multicultural societies, we often see teachers explicitly taught strategies to teach students who respond to different learning styles. (See: multicultural education ).
• Gender roles: We often see that different cultures have different cultural expectations and roles for men and women. You may notice, therefore, that in a culturally diverse society, your neighbors may have different ideas about gender norms than you.
• Sports: Culturally diverse societies often embrace a range of different sporting traditions, from traditional Indigenous games to world games such as soccer.
• Cultural norms : All cultures have a set of behaviors it considers to be normal or acceptable, and taboos that should be avoided. In a culturally diverse society, there may also be a set of social norms that are agreed upon across the diverse cultural groups within the society or nation.
• Marriage and relationships: Different cultural groups have their own attitudes and expectations towards romantic relationships and marriage, which may mix and even at times clash in a culturally diverse society.
• Communication styles : Slavic cultures are known for their abruptness, South-East Asian societies for their highly hierarchical expectations of how to talk to and greet others, while the West is known for its low context approach to language .
• Humor: Different styles of humor can cause clashes in situations where a mix of cultures are in discussion. This may be true, for example, if one society considers a type of joke to be taboo while another considers it humorous.
• Housing and living arrangements: Many cultures live in multigenerational households, while Western culture tends not to. Interestingly, there are other subtle differences in living arrangements, such as whether children sleep in the same room as their parents and whether they have early or late bedtimes.
• Attitudes toward time: Germans are known for their punctuality while Spaniards are known for their tardiness. These attitudes can make culturally diverse workplaces hard to manage and require clear rules for all to follow.
• Social stratification : Different levels of social stratification and hierarchies exist within different cultures. Whereas communist societies tend to want to break down stratification, there are also some societies with social stratification that is so codified that we consider them to have caste systems .
• Taboos: Different cultural taboos can clash in diverse cultural situations. For more about taboos, see our piece on American taboos .

List of Nations that are most culturally diverse

While Canada is often cited as the most culturally diverse country in the world, this is challenged by key studies, such as Erkan Gören’s (2013) cultural diversity index.

(The constant citing of Canada as the most diverse nation may reflect a Western bias in reporting on cultural diversity).

According to Gören’s study, all top 10 most culturally diverse nations are in Africa, as shown below.

It’s also interesting to look at where some of your countries sit on the cultural diversity rankings. So, I looked at this website’s analytics to find out the top 10 nationalities that visit this website.

The most common readers of this website are from, in order: United States, Philippines, India, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Malaysia.

So, here’s where your countries rank:

Cultural Diversity vs Inclusion

Diversity and inclusion are terms that often can be heard or seen together. However, these two concepts are different. While diversity is a fact about the plurality of cultures and identities, inclusion is an act.

In other words, inclusion refers to steps that are taken to include historically marginalized, excluded, or minoritized identities, cultures, and groups in organizational and institutional settings. As a result of inclusion, an organization can better reflect the existing diversity in the society.

For example, affirmative action and anti-discriminatory policies can be applied to include women, sexual minorities, and racial minorities in a workplace, to increase its organizational diversity (Mor Barak, 2015).

Types of Cultural Diversity

Culture is a very broad term corresponding to a range of identities, traditions, and affiliations. As a result, there are many different identities and affiliations shaping cultural diversity.

These include ethnic, national, racial, linguistic, religious and generational identities or affiliations.

Differences in language, ethnicity, race, nationality, religion, social background and age can also manifest as different types of cultural diversity.

For example, a workplace can be racially diverse by including Black, European, Hispanic and Native Americans, but at the same time it might lack national or religious diversity if all of its employees and staff are non-immigrant Christian Americans.

Strengths and Criticisms of Cultural Diversity

Here at Helpful Professor , we’re very supportive of cultural diversity. But, for academic prudence, it’s worth exploring all perspectives.

Preserving and celebrating cultural diversity has many advantages both for the society as a whole and for specific organizations.

In human societies, cultural diversity is very important for enriching and improving different areas of social life ranging from art and literature to technology and cuisine.

For example, synthesis of different regional, racial and ethnic cultures inspired many popular musical performers in pop and hip hop music, including Shakira and Rihanna.

In addition, preserving cultural diversity improves the touristic value of a country, therefore contributing to its economy. For instance, many regions that illustrate multicultural heritages, such as the Andalusia region in Spain, draw tourist attention from all around the globe due to their diverse characteristics.

Cultural diversity also has various advantages for organizations and institutions. For example, being culturally diverse can enable commercial and public organizations to represent and understand their clients better, therefore to better serve a larger demographic.

Also, it can benefit organizations and the broader society by teaching people mutual respect and coexistence.

While encouraging and celebrating cultural diversity has many benefits and advantages, there are some criticisms against it.

For example, some individuals and groups criticize the encouragement of cultural diversity in the society, by arguing that it allows some cultural practices that are unethical (Onsongo, 2017). In these situations, criticism of cultural diversity often manifests as criticism of immigration .

Similarly, some people criticize policies of sve action that are used to encourage diversity, arguing that these policies provide unfair advantages to minority individuals and groups (Herring & Henderson, 2012).

Another critical argument against cultural diversity is the view that it creates communication barriers between members of an organization or a community.

Case Studies

1. diversity in multinational workplaces.

Workplaces are one of the key settings in which we see cultural diversity. These cases range from large multinational workplaces such as Apple and McDonalds, to small businesses or companies working internationally.

Cultural diversity in workplaces can manifest as ethnic diversity, religious diversity, national and racial differences, or social variety.

Many workplaces in the United States and around the world adopt policies of affirmative action and inclusion to further reflect the existing cultural diversity in the society (Herring & Henderson, 2012). These workplaces include educational institutions such as colleges.

Also, in workplaces with multicultural staff, it is common to have policies about a variety of holidays and religious observances which are inclusive of multiple cultural backgrounds (Herring & Henderson, 2012).

2. Diversity in the American Metropoles

The term metropole refers to very large cities with a large population. In the United States, large cities such as New York, Los Angeles, or Chicago are known for their culturally diverse populations.

In these cities, cultural diversity manifests through a variety of linguistic, racial, and social backgrounds which are the result of immigration and racial diversity that shapes the American population.

As a result of this cultural diversity, the American cultural and social setting is known to be a melting pot, which refers to the synthesis of different cultures (Reisch, 2008).

3. Diversity in British Politics

In some countries, the political scene also reflects the cultural diversity present in the society.

An example can be the United Kingdom, which has a very diverse population due to its geographical scope, history of colonialism, and immigration trends.

With the recent election of Rishi Sunak as the United Kingdom’s first prime minister of color, it has been argued that the representation of diversity gained success in the British political scene (Alsaafin, 2022).

However, some others argued that Sunak’s success did only reflect racial diversity and failed to reflect the social diversity of the country, as he comes from a wealthy background (Alsaafin, 2022).

This debate is a good example of the complexity of cultural diversity which has multiple dimensions.

4. International Sports Events

International football competitions and other sports events are important cases of cultural diversity.

Examples include FIFA World Cup Organizations or the World Olympics. In these contests, performers from a variety of cultures come together to compete.

Often, these contests are seen as an opportunity to introduce and celebrate the host country’s culture to the world. The types of cultural diversity that are seen in these events are often multilayered, including national, ethnic, racial and social diversities.

5. Fusion of Foods in Canadian Cuisine

Canadian food culture is a strong example of cultural diversity. It reflects the influences of various Indigenous cultures, European influences, as well as its diverse immigrant food cultures.

While the country’s national dish is Poutine, which reflects French European influences, different towns and districts have their own culturally influenced dishes. An example is the Middle Eastern dish donair being famous in Halifax due to the influence of the immigrant communities there.

In cities such as Vancouver and Toronto, one can find examples of various different types of cultural cuisines in a single neighborhood. This is also the case regarding the East Asian diaspora and its cuisine in Canada, which deeply influenced the mainstream food culture through recipes such as sushi.  

Cultural diversity refers to the plurality and variety of cultural identities and affiliations in a social setting. There are many different types of cultural diversity which are based on ethnic, racial, national, generational, social and other aspects of our identities.

Cultural diversity has many advantages for organizations and societies, including improving art and tourism, and contributing to mutual understanding. However, some critiques of cultural diversity argue that it can lead to cultural communication barriers or to toleration of unethical practices.

Still, cultural diversity is an essential characteristic of contemporary society, especially due to migration and mobility. Examples of culturally diverse settings and cases include global sports events or multinational corporations.

Alsaafin, L. (2022, October 25). Diversity debate rages as Sunak, a British Indian, becomes UK PM . Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 14, 2023, from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/10/25/uks-sunak-win-for-diversity-or-continuation-of-majoritarianism

Cox, T. (1994). Cultural diversity in organizations: Theory, research and practice . Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Herring, C., & Henderson, L. (2012). From affirmative action to diversity: Toward a critical diversity perspective. Critical Sociology , 38 (5), 629-643.

Mor Barak, M. E. (2015). Inclusion is the Key to Diversity Management, but What is Inclusion? Human Service Organizations, Management, Leadership & Governance , 39 (2), 83–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/23303131.2015.1035599

Onsongo, N. (2017). Female genital cutting (FGC): Who defines whose culture as unethical?. IJFAB: International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics , 10 (2), 105-123.

O’Reilly, C. A. III, Williams, K. Y., & Barsade, S. (1998). Group demography and innovation: Does diversity help? In D. H Gruenfeld (Ed.), Composition (pp. 183–207). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.

Reisch, M. (2008). From melting pot to multiculturalism: The impact of racial and ethnic diversity on social work and social justice in the USA. British Journal of Social Work , 38 (4), 788-804.

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Cultural Diversity Research Paper

This sample diversity research paper on cultural diversity features: 5600 words (approx. 18 pages) and a bibliography with 20 sources. Browse other research paper examples for more inspiration. If you need a thorough research paper written according to all the academic standards, you can always turn to our experienced writers for help. This is how your paper can get an A! Feel free to contact our writing service for professional assistance. We offer high-quality assignments for reasonable rates.

This research paper examines the ethical dimension of cultural diversity and its challenges in relation to disagreements about social policy in medicine and biotechnology. It presents key normative ideas concerning social conflicts arising from cultural diversity and three approaches to culture based reasons in public deliberation of bioethical issues: exclusive, inclusive, and critical-inclusive.

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Diverse cultural traditions, identities, and groups coexist in modern society. The plurality of cultures in our globalized world can be enriching as well as challenging. Diversity is enriching when different ideas and traditions enable variety and innovative ways of living. It is challenging when cultural differences lead to conflict, undermine social cooperation, and make it difficult for opposing groups to respect their differences. It is especially challenging when groups have conflicting views about the kind of public bioethical policy the government should impose on its culturally diverse citizenry – when different groups appeal to their own cultural norms. Should we exclude culture-based reasons in justifying claims in public debates because these reasons are based on specific cultural traditions that do not appeal to the public at large? Or should we include such reasons to give recognition to the diverse cultural identities of those who practice traditions on which these reasons are based? If excluding culture-based reasons is meant to prevent cultural differences from hindering compromise or if including these same reasons in public debate is meant to ensure that conflicting parties will be able to support any compromise that could come out of public debate, then it may not be exclusion or inclusion of culture-based reasons per se that is crucial in dealing with conflict between cultures. Instead, we need to evaluate every culture-based reason to establish whether it might contribute or hinder compromise and resolution of conflicts. If culture-based reasons facilitate compromise, then these reasons deserve inclusion in public debate. However, if culture-based reasons silence opposing views by imposing the primacy of one’s own traditions over others – preventing conflicting parties from achieving compromise – then such reasons cannot help us deal with the challenges of cultural diversity. UNESCO’s Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights Article 12 calls for respect for cultural diversity stating that “The importance of cultural diversity and pluralism should be given due regard.” But is also states that “.. .such considerations are not to be invoked to infringe upon human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms, nor upon the principles set out in this Declaration, nor to limit their scope.”

Culture, Recognition, And Freedom

The term culture can be as broad as to include all sorts of practices and traditions. Notwithstanding the multiplicity of definitions of culture, there seems to be a core concept shared by different understandings of the term. The core concept of culture refers to the pattern of ideas and their attached values and prescriptions that guide behavior (Baldwin et al. 2006, p. 8 cf. Kroeber and Kluckhohn 1952, p. 181). As patterns of ideas and values, cultural traditions are sources of reasons for justifying our claims about what we should do together in society. But how do we assess the relative value of different cultural traditions when they clash?

Charles Taylor (1994) advised that we should give cultural traditions recognition without prejudging their worth based on our own cultural standards (Taylor 1994, pp. 65–72) since cultural traditions “have provided the horizon of meaning for large numbers of human beings, of diverse characters and temperaments, over a long period of time” and “have something that deserves our admiration and respect, even if it is accompanied by much that we have to abhor and reject” (Taylor 1994, pp. 72–73). Such legacy of diverse cultural traditions is subject to scrutiny as we engage in their comparative study. Cultural outsiders will be able to judge the worth of different traditions in an objective way once we step back from the biases of our own cultural standards in a comparative cultural study that would displace “our horizons in the resulting fusions” (Taylor 1994, p. 73).

Jurgen Habermas (1994) counters that traditions “normally reproduce themselves by convincing those whose personality structures they shape, that is, by motivating them to appropriate productively and continue the traditions” (Habermas 1994, p. 130). We should only preserve traditions if we remain convinced of their value. Otherwise, we have the right to reject them. We need not guarantee preservation of cultural traditions because doing so would “rob the members of the very freedom to say yes or no that is necessary if they are to appropriate and preserve their cultural heritage” (Habermas 1994, p. 130).

Rejecting cultural traditions (regardless of whether this is from within or from outside a group) may result in conflict with those who cling to such traditions. Rejecters may be able to tolerate differences at varying levels, but the less tolerant must be persuaded through reasoned argument that the perceived disruption of their freedom is only apparent. For example, if one does not approve the use of artificial contraceptives, it may not be a good reason to say that the objector’s freedom is disrupted when others use them. The objector’s freedom is not disrupted because she can still refrain from using contraceptives herself. Insisting that everyone should refrain from using contraceptives on traditional grounds might in fact restrict the freedom of others who have a different belief about the issue.

What Are Culture-Based Reasons?

In modern liberal democracies, proposing public policy that will be funded by taxpayers’ money and imposed on citizens and residents requires legitimation through wide public deliberation and/or democratically delegated debate among representatives or some duly appointed expert panel who will articulate and assess reasons for adopting or rejecting such a public proposal. The kinds of reasons usually included in such deliberations are culture-neutral reasons (or public reasons) that have wide public appeal and which do not favor particular cultural traditions, whether it be Muslim, Christian, atheist, etc. Culture-neutral reasons, because of their impartial nature and general appeal, could not alienate any group in a multicultural society. These reasons are used in arguments designed to be acceptable to all in a public debate (Bohman 1995). Reasons that do not favor any group but simply facilitate the fair interaction of diverse groups and individuals in society are culture-neutral. For example, reasons that invoke Rawls’s two principles of justice are culture-neutral since these principles prescribe basic rights for everyone, regardless of cultural affiliation, and equality of opportunity for all.

Culture-based reasons, in contrast, invoke traditional authority for deciding on a public policy, e.g., authority based on a particular religious text (e.g., the Bible). Only those who belong to traditions that recognize the authority of such texts can recognize these types of reasons. A reason is culture-based when the foundation of its correctness or truth rests on a particular worldview or a set of traditional beliefs held only by members of a group. There could be reasons that find support in many different cultural traditions, but these reasons are not, as stipulated in this research paper, culture based. For example, reasons that invoke the Golden Rule of reciprocity, although prescribed by many if not all religions or cultures, are not culture-based but culture-neutral. Invoking reciprocity can appeal to the wider public because reciprocity is essential to cooperation and has the potential to facilitate exchanges and compromise between competing groups in a multicultural society. The principle is not culture-based since its correctness does not rest on traditional beliefs held only by members of a particular group. Rather, it is a culture-neutral reason that is also widely accepted by different cultural groups.

Three Normative Approaches

Just social policies attract support from diverse groups that recognize social justice as a fundamental enabling condition for the flourishing of their own distinct ways of life. Cultural conflicts could adversely affect common interests. But how should we resolve such conflicts when traditions do clash and opposing parties try to persuade their governments to force others to respect their right to practice their own beliefs and traditions using culture-based reasons as justification?

Exclusive Approach: Set Aside Cultural Differences And Adopt Culture-Neutral Principles

According to Rawls, a just society should be organized according to principles selected using a culture-blind perspective, i.e., members of a just society should set aside and exclude culture-based reasons when choosing principles of justice. Culture is not a relevant consideration in choosing principles of justice. The basic structure of society should be arranged on the basis of “a constitution.. .which all [free and equal] citizens.. .may be reasonably expected to endorse.. .in the light of principle.. .acceptable to their common human reason” (Rawls 1993, p. 137). Such culture neutral common human reason enables people that disagree on substantive matters (or cultural beliefs) to live together and cooperate despite their differences. Intractable disagreement on substantive issues should be methodically avoided (aka “method of avoidance” in Rawls 1985, pp. 230–231, 240 cf. Bohman 1995, pp. 254–255). Conflicting parties should agree on procedures instead. Nonpublic reasons, since these are based on “comprehensive religious and philosophical doctrines,” are not useful in fostering cooperation and stability in society, so we must employ public reasons instead (Rawls 1993, p. 217). Rawls’s public reasons are similar to what I call culture-neutral reasons, and his nonpublic reasons (Rawls 1993, p. 220) are equivalent to what I call culture-based reasons. Cultureneutral principles include (1) equal right to basic liberty and (2) permitting social and economic inequality only when it maximizes the welfare of the worse-off and only if social and economic positions are open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity (1999, p. 60). Culturebased reasons are not useful in deliberating how we may establish social cooperation and therefore should be excluded in public debate.

Jurgen Habermas, while not directly advocating culture neutrality as Rawls does, seems to agree with Rawls in assuming that individuals have a built-in rational capacity to evaluate for themselves which elements of their culture are worth keeping and rejecting. He implies this when he explains that “Cultural heritages and the forms of life articulated in them normally reproduce themselves by convincing those whose personality structures they shape, that is, by motivating them to appropriate productively and continue the traditions” (Habermas 1994, p. 130). For the same reason, society cannot guarantee survival of cultural traditions “For to guarantee survival would necessarily rob the members of the very freedom to say yes or no that is necessary if they are to appropriate and preserve their cultural heritage” (Habermas 1994, p. 130). In other words, the freedom to say yes or no to a cultural practice is not negotiable and cannot be trumped by the need to preserve tradition. Individual freedom must be respected. For Habermas, culturebased reasons can be set aside or must be set aside when these reasons undermine the freedom to say yes or no. Culture-based reasons must have the quality to convince and must appeal to human reason if they deserve to be preserved. But this very same freedom seems to fuel the kind of conflict that emerges from rejecting cultural traditions from within a group or between different groups.

Conflict does not merely ensue at the level of clashing traditional beliefs and practices (Bohman 1995). Conflict may run deep when it is produced by clashing standards for evaluating the merits of beliefs and practices themselves. How can we properly evaluate reasons if the standards for evaluating these reasons are themselves subject to deeply conflicting interpretations? Bohman criticizes Rawls’s failure to resolve the problem of deep conflict in irreconcilable standards of evaluation. He argues that neither overlapping consensus nor the method of avoidance is sufficient in finding the public basis of justification for solutions to deep cultural conflicts. Bohman proposes that deep conflict can be resolved if we revise Rawls and Habermas’s liberal approach to public deliberation in two ways: (1) make the political conception of justice more dynamic (not fixed as Rawls seems to advocate) and (2) make public reason “plural” and not “singular.” Rather than endorsing one singular public reason (overlapping consensus), we must make public reason plural and require all groups to be open to compromise and to changing their own views and beliefs to avoid persistent political inequalities between them. Despite Bohman’s criticism of the Rawlsian approach, Bohman’s compromise approach and Rawlsian culture neutrality seem to have similar practical implications. The Rawlsian requirement to exclude cultural traditions and be neutral may in some sense imply making a compromise with regard to these traditions such that political cooperation could be achieved. To compromise means one still holds a distinct view based on one’s culture but sets this view aside (or changes it) to enable cooperation with others who hold a conflicting view. The same thing is done by being neutral about substantive cultural beliefs or comprehensive worldviews. One can still hold distinct cultural views while not counting them as reasons for not cooperating with others. What is different in Bohman’s approach is his requirement to openness to changing even one’s own cultural views (Bohman 1995, p. 270) in order to attain political equality between conflicting cultures. This demand to be willing to revise cultural views is not part of liberal neutrality since cultural beliefs and practices are excluded in public deliberation. Cultural beliefs and practices that are set aside could remain unchanged and continue to be practiced by a believer in private. These unchanged private beliefs and practices may still clash with other traditions when practitioners later invoke them in public deliberations.

Inclusive Approach: Mutually Recognize Cultural Differences By Including Culture-Based Reasons

Bohman’s argument to include culture-based reasons in forging compromise in public deliberation between conflicting parties seems to agree with Taylor’s approach. Taylor argues that multicultural conflicts can be solved by mutually recognizing cultural differences through “fusion of horizons,” an idea he borrowed from Hans Georg Gadamer (Taylor 1994, pp. 66–73). Taylor builds his case by presenting a critique of liberalism’s failure to account for modern pluriform societies’ lack of solidarity which is essential if liberalism’s politics of equal dignity is to work. He argues that the politics of recognition he proposes is better than liberal neutrality because it allows the preservation and survival of cultural identity of minorities through mutual recognition that results from “willingness to be open to comparative cultural study of the kind that must displace our horizons in the resulting fusions” (Taylor 1994, p. 73). The idea of including multiple standards of reason is supported by Young’s (2002) proposal that we become truly inclusive by employing subjective elements (as opposed to liberal emphasis on objectivity) in political communication. Dryzek (2000) argues that we should prevent hierarchies between those who have different cultural views. We do this by engaging in deliberation that is free and inclusive (i.e., deliberation that connects the particular to the general). Addis (1997) argues that we should develop public reason that emerges out of dialogue among various communities as they employ their own reasons to justify their views. Pluralistic public reason should be a product of dialogue and should bring together differing views and cultural traditions in their revised or adjusted forms if it is to attract support from diverse groups. Kymlicka (1995) argues that we should reject the idea that people’s differences (varying/conflicting ends) are fixed and beyond rational revision. One could only preserve difference (as a way of respecting community rights) in a group if that group (wishing to preserve its cultural identity) also allows and respects being different within their group. Tolerating differences within a cultural group is the criterion for that group to deserve tolerance from other groups (also see Okin 1999).

There are different dimensions of inclusiveness related to cultural diversity: (1) inclusion by recognition between cultures (Taylor 1994), (2) tolerance of differences within cultural groups (Kymlicka 1995), (3) making public reason plural and inclusive in public deliberation (Bohman 1995), and (4) legitimately forcing cultural groups to offer reasons to justify their controversial practices in public (Thorseth 2001). It is legitimate to paternalistically force conflicting parties to communicate and justify their cultural norms and practices in open public debate if doing so allows parties to evaluate their views through the use of argumentation. This view is compatible with Habermas’s (1994) argument for legitimate legislation of recognition of difference (as mutual respect) which requires judgment of acceptance or rejection of such difference as a result of using “reason” in public deliberation. The autonomy enabling paternalistic coercion required in Thorseth’s view could provide an institutional avenue for enforcing both Bohman’s multiplereasons-compromise approach and inclusive versions of liberal neutrality in resolving multicultural conflict. This enables autonomous revision of wills by helping conflicting parties to recognize (rather than reject or ignore) their differences. It enables (rather than limits) autonomy because engaging in deliberation gives voice to the agent and gives her discursive space to freely revise her norms and practices. It allows participants to be free agents and makes possible a community of moral persons and moral practice. Parties should (1) not censor views from being presented in the deliberation and (2) not refuse to revise (or change) their views if there are good reasons to do so.

Critical-Inclusive Approach: Include Culture-based Reasons But Critically Evaluate Their Merits

There are arguments, for and against, including culture-based reasons in public debate. The distinctions I make between the approaches proposed by different authors are not hard and fast but indicate tendencies within the exclusion–inclusion divide. Categorizing them this way serves as a heuristic device to analyze the three tendencies: exclusive, inclusive, and critical inclusive. This does not entail commitment to strictly demarcate boundaries between these views. The crucial point is the case for inclusion of culture-based reasons in public debates and the emphasis on critical evaluation of such reasons which is the key distinctive of the critical-inclusive approach. An example of the critical-inclusive approach is Friedman’s (2008) argument for critical inclusion of private reasons (or nonpublic reasons) in public debate. Most approaches to inclusion of private reason do not emphasize the need for critical evaluation of these reasons. Bohman (1995, pp. 255–256) implied priority of inclusion over revision by emphasizing having more than one “public standpoint” of what culture-neutral reason (or public reason) should be. Addis (1997) prescribes utilizing each cultural group’s own reasons in justifying their respective views when they engage in public dialogue. But such a maneuver in pluralizing norms of reasonableness weakens the ability of conflicting parties to scrutinize their favorite views since their own culture-based standards would tend to affirm their own views instead of seriously criticizing them. Priority of inclusion is also present in Taylor’s (1994, pp. 66–67) emphasis on presumption of equal worth that will guide our comparison of our different cultural practices which includes culture-based reasons for defending these traditions and beliefs.

What emerges from the “exclusion–inclusion divide” discussed above is a “qualified approach” to inclusion. The need to qualify what it is required to properly include multiple types of reasons in public deliberation is implied both in liberal neutrality and in communitarian and deliberative inclusive approaches. To qualify for inclusion, we basically need to add (or emphasize) one more step in the deliberative process, i.e., critical evaluation of reasons (using both subjective and objective standards). We need to evaluate the worth of culture-based reasons in forging the compromise we need in resolving conflict in cultural diversity. The elements that clash need to be adjusted. Such adjustments (revisions, fusions of horizon, compromises) can only be afforded if we apply critical scrutiny to the reasons we include in justifying claims in public deliberation. Critical scrutiny is explicit in Friedman’s (2008) account of an inclusive approach. Both Friedman and Bohman argue that justification for public decisions should include a plurality of reasons (as opposed to liberal insistence on public “reason” only). But Friedman adds that we also need to evaluate the merits of private reasons to be included in public deliberation. He does this by criticizing the liberal procedural approach that excludes religious reasons because of its nonpublic source of authority. Instead, Friedman advocates hearing reasons out without regard to their source (religious or secular), in order to assess their merits (evaluated based on the ideals of consistency, plausibility, reasonableness).

The background of Friedman’s inclusivist proposal is his criticism of Norman Daniels and James Sabin’s (2002) exclusivist solution to resolving (or avoiding) intractable disagreements in healthcare rationing through fair deliberative procedures that fulfill four conditions: transparency, relevance, revisability, and enforcement. Intractable disagreement in healthcare rationing is analogous to multicultural disagreements in the sense that the fundamental basis of conflicting positions also includes value judgments (e.g., Kantian vs. utilitarian). Friedman objects to the relevance condition for procedural fairness and its insistence on including public reasons only while excluding nonpublic reasons because it will not make deliberation fair and legitimate. Insisting that deliberation should only include public reasons is a mistake because disagreements in healthcare rationing are not merely about the relative weight of considerations but the importance of life-or-death implications of the decision to losers as well. Losers will not be able to support rationing outcomes that could adversely affect them. Even reasonable people would find it difficult to agree about which type of reasons should count as relevant public reasons and which are private reasons that should be excluded. Friedman instead proposes that we should hear out even reasons that seem private because doing so allows the possibility of having those private reasons reconsidered and revised (Friedman 2008, p. 108, fn. 38). Making the relevance condition too strict by excluding private reasons would be too demanding for lay deliberators because only political philosophers normally employ coherent, clear, consistent, and compelling-enough reasons that could satisfy such a strict exclusive standard that tend to set aside reasons because of their private source of authority. To insist on such a strict standard of relevance is to limit democratic participation only to those who employ a type of public reasoning akin to Utilitarians, Kantians, or Liberals. Since there is no clear way to distinguish bad reasons from good reasons a priori, we cannot exclude faith-based reasons without hearing them out. We cannot dismiss such reasons as divisive, controversial, or unlikely to produce consensus unless we actually examine them in public debate. Friedman suggests including private reasons (e.g., faith-based reasons) in the deliberation process so that we can fairly evaluate them for consistency, reasonableness, and plausibility in the same way as public reasons are evaluated. Doing so could help deliberators to be aware of the details of the values and beliefs of those who hold such reasons and give deliberators the chance to find out what may be wrong or right about these reasons. Having these private reasons critically included in the deliberation process also increases the chances of inviting support (from those whose private reasons are included) for whatever outcome the deliberation produces than it would if private reasons are excluded. This also makes imposing the deliberation outcome legitimate for losers since their own private reasons are heard in making such decision. It is not legitimate to impose a policy on those whose views have been excluded in the deliberation.

Towards Convergence Via Critical Inclusion

Culture-based reasons can inform public debates about details of diverse cultures so that parties who are willing to compromise know what is at stake. Culture-based reasons are internally justified within the worldview of groups that invoke them so agreement between different groups holding different worldviews cannot rely on such reasons to persuade others. Agreement on substantive claims argued on the basis of diverse culture-based reasons originating from different cultural sources of authority is very difficult if not impossible to achieve. For example, those who argue against the use of artificial contraceptives on the basis of arguments sourced from the authority of religious doctrine that states that the divine purpose for sex is procreation cannot agree with those who defend the use of contraceptives and who do not recognize the authority of religious doctrine. The disagreement between holders of the two conflicting positions is intractable precisely because the conflicting groups have different and sometimes contradicting sources of authority. If citizens disagree on substantive issues, such issues cannot be the basis of public policy that will be implemented through political coercion of citizens. Instead, ground rules or procedures that can be accepted as fair by contending parties must be established. Dealing with intractable disagreement on substantive issues can be avoided by focusing instead, as Rawlsian proceduralists propose, on procedures that parties can agree on (Rawls 1985, pp. 230–231, 240). Since people disagree about “comprehensive religious and philosophical doctrines,” we cannot base our claims to public policy on these reasons based on these doctrines. But agreement on procedures may not be enough in forging compromise and cooperation. When proponents of competing policies use their own culture-based reasons to justify their claims in public debate, these reasons should not be presented to members of other groups in their original partisan form. Culture-based reasons must be communicated in a manner that connects the particular to the general (Dryzek 2000, pp. 68–69). Proponents must try their best to connect the features of their cultural worldview to more universal values, for example, relating appeals to religious authority in rejecting genetic modification of crops to the more universal concerns that religious authority asserts, such as dangers of interfering with natural processes that we do not fully understand. Doing so can translate concerns particular only to a group to more universal concerns that other groups share and which overlap with diverse values. Another example is that the concern for the value of the fetus in stem cell research as expressed by Christian groups may overlap with concern for human dignity that other groups recognize which can then be negotiated at the level of general principles recognized by a public body such as a bioethics committee. Alternative sources of stem cells could then be proposed as a compromise between the valued goals of science and the concerns of a particular religious or faith-based group.

A critical-inclusive approach to public debate can be implemented through the intentional use of various communication tools, especially online, to engage the public and to invite the articulation, deliberation, and evaluation of all sorts of views and reasons. Fishkin’s deliberative polling initiative is an example of intentional communication (Fishkin 1991). These deliberative exercises expose arguments to open scrutiny and give participants opportunity to rethink and revise their views after considering the views of others and acquiring more information. Deliberative exercises are compatible with the proposal to require members of diverse groups to communicate their justification of a controversial practice (Thorseth 2001). Using online communication media has the advantage of reaching more people without being limited by time and space while simultaneously documenting the deliberation for transparency and public review. Requiring deliberative engagement assumes that the enabling conditions (e.g., literacy, sufficient mental and physical health) for participation are already in place, but some minority groups may not be able to participate in deliberation due to poverty and political exclusion. It is therefore crucial to remedy their deprivation and empower them politically if they are required to participate, to communicate their culture-based reasons in public debate (Alvarez 2014).

Critically Including Culture-Based Reasons In The Stem Cell Debate

The public debate about stem cell research illustrates the difficulty of using culture-based reasons in persuading opponents and adjudicators about the correctness of contending policy proposals. Earlier technology allowed human embryonic stem cells (hESC) to be harvested from embryos, but the embryos had to be discarded afterwards. Many groups oppose this technique because they object to embryos being discarded in the process. Proponents defend hESC research as a promising way to develop lifesaving treatments for the many who suffer from debilitating diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Proponents also reject partisan culture-based reasons as unfairly privileging conservative cultural viewpoints. Opponents can connect their particular traditional concerns about the moral status of embryos to the general widely held intuition about the value of early human life (Denker 2006). Many countries seem to restrict hESC research on the basis of such intuition. The alternative technology for harvesting stem cells from adults (instead of embryos) or so-called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) seems promising at first, but similar objections have been raised in relation to the cells’ potential to develop into a human embryo in addition to the need to keep using hESCs as controls for “stemness” in experiments (Denker 2006). Objectors to iPSC invoke culture-based reasons about the moral status of stem cells or the potential of these cells to develop into something with moral status. An exclusive approach to cultural diversity would simply set aside such culture-based reasons in favor of fair decision procedures that everyone could reasonably accept. The losing minority, however, would find it difficult to support the results of such procedures. An inclusive approach could hold back deliberators from criticizing any culture-based reasons out of respect or tolerance. A critically inclusive approach would not exclude culture-based reasons, even faith-based ones, in the debate but would encourage their authors to try to relate these reasons to more general concerns that can be shared by opponents. For example, particular concerns for the embryo could be related to the more general concern for caution in manipulating the building blocks of life in view of possible unintended adverse environmental, social, economic, or political effects of the technology. Concern for the embryo (or even the potentiality objection) may not necessarily appeal to everyone, but an appeal to precaution may have more universal appeal. If this communication strategy of relating culture-based reasons to more universal concerns works, then each side could take such reasons into consideration and critically evaluate their merits in public debate.

This research paper examined three approaches to social conflicts arising from cultural diversity and the place of culture-based reasons in public deliberation: an exclusive approach, an inclusive approach, and a critical-inclusive approach. The exclusive approach avoids disagreements by focusing on fair procedures and culture-neutral reasons that people from different traditions could recognize. The inclusive approach values giving recognition to cultural traditions under the assumption that these traditions will continue to function for groups as they have been developed by earlier generations. Exclusion is intended to maintain a culture-neutral public standpoint. Inclusion is meant to affirm (rather than ignore) cultural differences as bases for forging “compromise” between conflicting beliefs. A critical inclusive approach combines elements of the two contending approaches. If excluding culture based reasons is meant to prevent cultural differences from becoming hindrances to compromise and if including these same reasons in public debate is meant to ensure that conflicting parties will be able to support any compromise that could come out of public debate, then it is not exclusion or inclusion of culture-based reasons per se that is crucial in dealing with social conflict arising from cultural diversity. What is important, rather, is the evaluation of particular culture-based reasons as to whether these could contribute or hinder compromise in public deliberation. If particular culture-based reasons facilitate compromise, allow other culture-based reasons to be heard, and contribute to resolving conflicts, these reasons deserve inclusion in public debate. The claim that the judgment to include or exclude certain culture based reasons should be based on evaluating these reasons as to whether they could contribute to compromise is more of a practical ideal, i.e., everyone who is concerned with resolving political conflict between cultures would be interested in looking for ways to achieve compromise. Thus, so long as the inclusion of culture-based reasons benefits the goal of resolving conflict, then the culture-based reasons to be included must have qualities that are consistent with this goal or ideal. The evaluation of culture-based reasons cannot be based merely on the substantive norms that each culture recognizes (as Bohman’s plurality of public reasons seems to suggest) but also on the practical quality these reasons contribute to compromise between conflicting parties. Cultural traditions are dynamic and changing, and new traditions can be created within and outside groups. Respect for these traditions in global bioethics discourse requires approaches that allow society to face the challenges and enjoy the opportunities cultural diversity present.

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Challenges of Cultural Diversity for Multinational Corporations: Analysis of the US Through the Major Value Dimensions

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Globalization is a process that converts separate national economies into an interconnected global economy. Multinational corporations (MNCs) have investments, operations, and marketing activities in several countries. It is important for MNCs to be successful when working with people in other countries to be able to plan how to relate to and adapt to people from different cultures. The significance of cultural factors is often seriously underestimated. Understanding the nature, characteristics, and factors of a particular culture and how these affect work and organizational processes is extremely beneficial for international managers. Thus, they can develop appropriate policies and decide how to organize, lead, and control in a particular foreign environment. Such a process of adaptation to the environment is necessary to implement strategy successfully. Also, it promotes productive engagement in a workforce with a rising level of domestic and international cultural variety.

This research aims to overview the drivers and consequences of globalization, as well as the operation of MNCs. Further aim of the research is to analyze the US through the major value dimensions (proposed by Hofstede, Trompenaars, Hall, Lewis) that define cultural differences among societies, as well as to provide managers with some practical examples and guidance to consider when managing the international workforce. The research focuses on the US, being the largest and second largest country regarding Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows and outflows, respectively, in Q3 2022, as well as being represented by five corporations among the world’s 10 largest corporations by number of employees.

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Csapóné Riskó, T., Csapó, Z. (2024). Challenges of Cultural Diversity for Multinational Corporations: Analysis of the US Through the Major Value Dimensions. In: Fotea, S.L., Văduva, S.A., Fotea, I.Ş. (eds) Reimagining Capitalism in a Post-Globalization World. GSMAC 2023. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59858-6_24

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