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How to Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA, MLA or Chicago

Let’s be honest: Sometimes the best information for a paper comes straight from a professor’s PowerPoint presentation. But did you know that source needs to be cited?

Whether you’re making use of your instructor’s lecture materials or pulling information from a Powerpoint found online, you need to make sure to cite your sources if you use information from it in a project or paper.

Here’s a run -t hrough of everything this page includes:  

• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in MLA format
• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA format
• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in Chicago Style

By now, you’re probably familiar with how to cite websites, books or journal articles, but not as knowledgeable about how to cite a Powerpoint presentation. In actuality, citing PowerPoint presentations aren’t all that different from citing written materials, so don’t let yourself be phased! It’s not too hard and compiling an MLA works cited or APA reference page doesn’t take too long—each one should take just a few minutes to create.

To help you with the process, we’ve put together a handy guide demonstrating how to cite a PowerPoint presentation in three commonly used citation styles: MLA, APA and Chicago.

Let’s start by looking for basic information you’ll need for the citation.

Information you may need to cite a PowerPoint Presentation:

• Author or authors of the presentation
• Presentation title
• Date of publication/presentation
• Place of publication/where the presentation was given
• URL (if used to locate the presentation)

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in MLA format:

MLA format citation structure:

Author Last Name, First Name. Presentation Title. Month Year, URL. PowerPoint Presentation.

Example citation :

Park, Lisa. Effective Working Teams . Jan. 2011, https://www.company.meetings/teams. PowerPoint Presentation.

In-text citation structure:

(Last Name)

Example in-text citation:

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA format:  

APA reference structure:

Author or Presenter Last Name, Middle Initial. First Initial. (Date of publication). Title of presentation [PowerPoint presentation]. Conference Name, Location. URL

Example reference:

Park, L. (2011, March 24-28). Effective working teams [PowerPoint presentation]. Regional Dairy Workers National Conference, New York, NY, United States. https://www.company.meetings/teams

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in Chicago Style:

Chicago citation structure:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Presentation Title.” Lecture, Location of Lecture, Month Day, Year.

Example citation:

Park, Lisa. “Effective Working Teams.” Lecture, The Plaza Hotel, New York, NY, January 11, 2011.

Troubleshooting

Solution #1: how to cite a powerpoint that has multiple authors..

For a presentation with multiple authors, list the authors alphabetically by last name for the full reference citation. The citation will list each author by Last Name, First Initial.

If the PowerPoint has just two authors, separate them with a comma and an ampersand (&). If the PowerPoint has more than two authors, list the authors separated by commas.

Reference examples:

Felner, D., & Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Felner, D., Nguy, A., Becham, G. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

For an in-text citation for two authors, give both surnames separated by an ampersand (&) followed by a comma and the year of publication or presentation.

For an in-text citation for three or more authors, list the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” followed by a comma and the year of publication or presentation.

In-text citation examples:

(Felner & Nguy, 2021)

(Felner et al., 2021)

For a PowerPoint with two presenters or authors, include both names in the full works-cited citation. The names need to be written as follows: First presenter’s Last Name, First Name, and then the second presenter’s First Name and Last Name.

For an in-text citation, simply list the surnames of both presenters.

In-text citation example:

(Nguy and Felner)

Work-cited entry example:

Nguy, Anna and Dominic Felner. The History of Claymation. Apr. 2021. PowerPoint Presentation.

For a PowerPoint with three or more presenters, only list one presenter’s name followed by a comma and “et al.”

For an in-text citation for three or more authors or presenters , list the surname given in the full works-cited citation followed by “et al.”

(Nguy et al.)

Nguy, Anna et al. The History of Claymation. Apr. 2021. PowerPoint Presentation.

Solution #2 How to cite a slideshow that wasn’t made with PowerPoint

If making a full works-cited citation for a slideshow that was made with another program other than PowerPoint, include the medium in brackets instead of PowerPoint.

If the presentation is not in PowerPoint, and you can’t determine what software was used, include the word “slideshow” in brackets in place of PowerPoint.

Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Prezi presentation]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

The in-text citation will be formatted like any other APA in-text citation (author last name, year).

(Nguy, 2021)

At the end of your full works-cited citation, include the program the slideshow was made with, formatted as:  ______ Presentation.

If you are uncertain of the program used, end your citation with “slideshow” followed by a period. Nguy, Anna. The history of Claymation. Apr. 2021. Prezi Presentation. Nguy, Anna. The history of Claymation . Apr. 2021. Slideshow.

The in-text citation will be formatted like any other MLA in-text citation (author last name).

Hello all paper writers! Take a moment to try our spell checker , or refresh your knowledge on English basics with our EasyBib grammar guides ! Discover a determiner definition , learn what is an adverb , review an interjection list , and more.   

Updated April 26, 2021.

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To cite PowerPoint presentation slides, include the author name, year/date of presentation, the title, the source description, the website and/or university name, and the URL where the source can be found.

If the PowerPoint presentation is not accessible to the reader, cite the slides as personal communication.

If you want to cite a PowerPoint in MLA or APA style, you need to have basic information including the name of the author(s), title of the presentation, date and place of publication, and URL. For in-text citations, you need to include only the author name(s) in MLA style and author name(s) and year in APA style.  

APA in-text citations

(Author Surname, publication year)

(Dhanalakshmi, 2004)

MLA in-text citations

(Author Surname)

(Dhanalakshmi)

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APA PowerPoint Slide Presentation

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Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Note:  This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style  can be found here .

Media File: APA PowerPoint Slide Presentation

This resource is enhanced by a PowerPoint file. If you have a Microsoft Account, you can view this file with   PowerPoint Online .

Select the APA PowerPoint Presentation link above to download slides that provide a detailed review of the APA citation style.

How to Cite Sources in Presentations: A Detailed Guide

Learn how to cite sources in presentations accurately to enhance credibility and engage your audience effectively.

Understanding the Importance of Citing Sources

Choosing the right citation style.

• APA (American Psychological Association) : Often used in the social sciences.
• MLA (Modern Language Association) : Common in humanities.
• Chicago/Turabian Style : Frequently used in business, history, and fine arts.
• IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) : Preferred in technical fields.

How to Cite Sources in the Slide Content

• "Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower." - Steve Jobs (Apple Inc.)
• According to research by Harvard Business Review, innovative companies outperform the market average by 45%.
• 75% of marketers saw an increase in engagement through targeted emails. (Source: Mailchimp, 2023)

Incorporating Citations Visually

Tools and software for managing citations.

• EndNote: Great for managing references and bibliography.
• Zotero: Useful for collecting, organizing, managing, and citing research sources.
• Mendeley: Helps in organizing research, creating bibliographies, and even networking with other researchers.

Best Practices for Citing Sources in Presentations

• Be Consistent: Use the same citation style throughout your presentation.
• Keep it Readable: Make sure that citations do not clutter your slides. Keep them brief and to the point.
• Verify Sources: Always double-check the credibility of your sources before including them in your presentation.
• Practice Ethical Citing: Always give credit where it's due, even for images, videos, and music.

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APA Formatting and Style (7th ed.)

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Formatting a Powerpoint Presentation in APA 7th Style

The apa 7th manual and the apa website do not provide any specific rules about using apa format or citation in powerpoint slides. , here are some recommended guidelines:, 1. always follow any specific instructions given by your instructor., 2. you will need in-text citations on a powerpoint slide where you are quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing someone else's ideas. , 3. you also will include a reference list as your powerpoint's last slide (or slides). , this youtube video from smart student shows you how to create apa7th in-text citations and a reference list: .

• Citing and Referencing in Powerpoint Presentations | APA 7th Edition This video will show you how to create APA 7th in-text citations and a Reference page for your PowerPoint presentation.
• << Previous: Tables and Figures
• Next: Reference Page Examples >>
• Last Updated: Oct 14, 2024 1:11 PM
• URL: https://national.libguides.com/apa_7th

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Citing Your Sources on Slides

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In this section, we'll look at a few examples of how you might cite your sources in your presentation.

You can also learn more about your rights and responsibilities when using copyrighted material on Sheridan Library's Copyright for Students guide .

Note: Citation examples on this page use APA Style (7th Edition).

Check with your professor first to find out which citation style they want you to use (e.g., APA, MLA, etc.) for your project, and then find the right citation style guide on Sheridan Library's Citing Your Sources site to learn more!

Citation Examples for Presentations

• In-Text, Speaker Notes, & Reference List
• Tables & Figures
• Spoken Citations

Style guides like APA offer guidance on citing print sources in research essays, but don't have specific rules around presentation slide decks.

An easy solution is to follow the same author-date citation system to create in-text citations in your slides that match up with a reference list at the end of your slide deck . You need to make sure you're adding in-text citations in two key places: your slide deck and in the speaker notes in your slides.

Watch the video below to learn more about citing sources in your slide deck:

Style guides like APA offer guidance on citing tables (e.g., charts, graphs, etc.) and figures (e.g., photos, images, etc.) in research essays, but don't have specific rules around presentation slide decks.

Watch the video below to learn the basics about citing images found online using APA Style. For more information, check out the links below the video to learn more about citing tables and images from other sources:

• Clip Art or Stock Image References. (APA Style Blog) Learn the basics of citing images and knowing when you need to provide a full attribution for an image.
• Image Citation Guide. (The University of British Columbia) Learn how to cite images found in print and electronic publications, from licensed image databases, and from online sources. This guide also walks you through citing images with Creative Commons licenses.
• Recommended Practices for Attribution. (CC wiki). Learn the basic components of a Creative Commons (CC) attribution. Guide includes an overview of great, good, and incorrect attribution of CC images.
• Using Tables in Assignments & Class Presentations. (James Cook University, Australia). Learn a simplified way to reference tables found online, in journal articles, from e-books, and more.

During an oral presentation, it's important to tell your audience where information, ideas, or words came from as you say it .

Your audience can't check your in-text citations or reference list easily in the middle of a live presentation, and it's difficult to tell which ideas are yours and which ideas came from another person. It's important to introduce your source before you present the information so your audience has more context about the original source and how you used it to build your argument.

Watch the video below to learn more about how to cite sources in a speech or during a presentation:

Verbal Citation Examples

• According to [Author Name], a professor of [Field of Study] at [University Name]…
• [Author Name], author of the [Publication Year] study, [Article Title], argues that…
• [Author Name], a journalist writing for the prestigious [Newspaper Name], offers this example…

Using a Direct Quote

Tell your audience what you're quoting by clearly marking the beginning and ending of the quote using one of the following options:

• Pause slightly after introducing the source (e.g., using one of the examples above), then read the quote expressively so that the quote sounds like a second voice. Pause again after the quote to indicate you are switching back to your own voice.
• Say "Quote" immediately before you start reading the quote, and then say "Endquote" right after you've finished reading the quote.
• If you're presenting in-person, you can use "air quote" by holding up one or both of your hands and moving your pointer and index finers up and down quickly, as if you were drawing quotation marks in the air.

Footnotes in research essays can be used for a few different reasons, including:

• Providing more context or background information for readers;
• Noting copyright permissions if you needed permission to use material that falls outside of Fair Dealing ;
• Adding citations or parenthetical information to avoid breaking up slide text.

APA Style does not recommend using footnotes for citations or parenthetical information in research essays, but there are no rules about their use in presentation slide decks. Check with your professor first if you'd like to use footnotes in your slide deck.

Below is an example of a slide deck that includes a footnote with a parenthetical citation, a footnote that includes the full reference, and a reference list that would appear on the last slide of your presentation:

Footnotes in Slide Decks by Sheridan Learning Services

Check out the video below to learn how to add footnotes in a PowerPoint slide deck:

• Last Updated: Sep 12, 2024 3:49 PM
• URL: https://sheridancollege.libguides.com/presentationskills

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How to Do a Bibliography on Powerpoint: A Step-by-Step Guide

Creating a bibliography in PowerPoint is straightforward. You simply add a new slide at the end of your presentation where you list all of your sources. This is essential for crediting the work of others and avoiding plagiarism. It’s also a great way to provide your audience with resources for further reading.

After completing your bibliography, you’ll have a professional and credible PowerPoint presentation. Your audience will appreciate your attention to detail and your respect for the intellectual property of others.

Introduction

When it comes to giving presentations, the devil is often in the details. One important detail that sometimes gets overlooked is the bibliography. Whether you’re a student presenting a research project or a professional sharing industry insights, citing your sources is crucial. It not only gives credit where credit is due but also strengthens your own credibility. So, how do you go about adding a bibliography to your PowerPoint presentation? And why is this step so essential?

A bibliography in PowerPoint serves as a reference point for your audience, allowing them to verify the facts you present and explore the topic further on their own time. It’s also a mark of professionalism and academic integrity. This is particularly relevant for students, researchers, and professionals who rely on the work of others to support their own findings. In a world where information is easily accessible, it’s important to distinguish between original ideas and borrowed insights.

How to Do a Bibliography on PowerPoint

The following steps will guide you through adding a bibliography to your PowerPoint presentation. This will ensure that you properly acknowledge the sources of your information.

Step 1: Add a New Slide

Add a new slide at the end of your presentation for your bibliography.

This new slide will be dedicated entirely to your bibliography. It is typically the last slide of your presentation. Make sure it’s clearly titled so that your audience knows what it is.

Step 2: List Your Sources

List all the sources you used in your presentation in the new slide.

Your sources should be listed in a clear and organized manner. You can choose to format them alphabetically by the author’s last name or in the order that they appear in your presentation. Be consistent with your formatting choice throughout.

Step 3: Use a Consistent Format

Use a consistent format for each source, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago style.

The formatting style you choose will depend on your field of study or the preferences of your audience. Whatever style you opt for, make sure that every source is formatted the same way. This includes the order of information and punctuation.

Step 4: Include All Necessary Information

Make sure to include all necessary information such as the author’s name, title, publisher, and publication date.

For each source, there are specific details that must be included to make it a complete citation. This typically includes the author’s name, the title of the work, the publisher, and the date of publication. For online sources, you might also need to include the URL and the date you accessed the information.

Step 5: Review and Revise

Review your bibliography for accuracy and completeness.

Go over your bibliography one more time to ensure that all sources are correctly cited and that you haven’t missed anything. A small error in your bibliography can call into question the accuracy of your entire presentation.

Additional Information

When compiling your bibliography on PowerPoint, it’s important to remember the small details that can make a big difference. For instance, did you know that the order in which you list authors’ names may change based on the citation style you’re using? And what about those pesky URLs for online sources – should you include the date you accessed them or just the date they were published?

It’s also wise to consider the design of your bibliography slide. Just because it’s the last slide in your presentation doesn’t mean it should be an afterthought. Ensure that it’s consistent with the overall design and theme of your presentation. Use the same fonts and color schemes, and make sure the text is readable. Remember, people will likely refer back to this slide, so it should be as polished as the rest of your presentation.

Lastly, while PowerPoint is a fantastic tool for presenting visual information, it may not always be the best for displaying a lot of text, such as a lengthy bibliography. In such cases, consider providing a handout with your bibliography or directing your audience to a URL where they can access it online.

• Add a new slide for your bibliography
• List your sources on the new slide
• Use a consistent citation format
• Include all necessary source information
• Review your bibliography for accuracy

Frequently Asked Questions

Can i use bullet points for my bibliography entries.

Yes, bullet points are a great way to organize your bibliography entries clearly and concisely.

Do I need to include a bibliography even if I only used one source?

Yes, even if you only used one source, you should still include a bibliography slide to give proper credit.

What if I can’t find all the information needed for a citation?

If certain information is missing, do your best to provide as much detail as possible and indicate if a particular piece of information is not available.

Can I just use hyperlinks for online sources instead of full citations?

While hyperlinks are useful, they may not be accessible if the presentation is printed or shared as a PDF, so full citations are still necessary.

How many sources are too many for a PowerPoint bibliography?

There’s no set limit, but if your bibliography is very long, consider providing it in a separate handout or document.

Creating a bibliography on PowerPoint may seem like a minor detail in the grand scheme of your presentation, but it holds significant weight in the professional and academic realms. It not only showcases the depth of your research but also upholds the integrity of your presentation by acknowledging the authors and creators of the content you’ve referenced.

Remember, your bibliography is a testament to the work you’ve put into your presentation. It adds to your credibility as a presenter and informs your audience about the sources of your information. So, next time you’re wrapping up that PowerPoint presentation, take the extra time to ensure your bibliography is polished and professional. It’s a small step that can have a big impact.

Matthew Burleigh has been writing tech tutorials since 2008. His writing has appeared on dozens of different websites and been read over 50 million times.

After receiving his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Computer Science he spent several years working in IT management for small businesses. However, he now works full time writing content online and creating websites.

His main writing topics include iPhones, Microsoft Office, Google Apps, Android, and Photoshop, but he has also written about many other tech topics as well.

Read his full bio here.

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APA Citation Guide (7th edition) : Powerpoint Presentations

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Powerpoint presentations - what do i need to cite, powerpoint presentations - where do my citations go, other digital assignments - where do my citations go, quick rules for an apa reference list.

Your research paper ends with a list of all the sources cited in the text of the paper. Here are nine quick rules for this Reference list.

• Start a new page for your Reference list. Centre the title, References, at the top of the page.
• Double-space the list.
• Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line five spaces (a hanging indent).
• Put your list in alphabetical order. Alphabetize the list by the first word in the reference. In most cases, the first word will be the author’s last name. Where the author is unknown, alphabetize by the first word in the title, ignoring the words a, an, the.
• For each author, give the last name followed by a comma and the first (and middle, if listed) initials followed by periods.
• Italicize the titles of these works: books, audiovisual material, internet documents and newspapers, and the title and volume number of journals and magazines.
• Do not italicize titles of most parts of works, such as: articles from newspapers, magazines, or journals / essays, poems, short stories or chapter titles from a book / chapters or sections of an Internet document.
• In titles of non-periodicals (books, videotapes, websites, reports, poems, essays, chapters, etc), capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, and all proper nouns (names of people, places, organizations, nationalities).
• If a web source (not from the library) is not a stable archived version, or you are unsure whether it is stable, include a statement of the accessed date before the link.

What am I legally required to cite in my digital assignment?

According to the Copyright Act, you must cite the sources (images, videos, books, websites, etc.) that you used in your digital assignment ( 29.21(1)(b) ). You must cite the source (where you got the information from) and the creator of the content (if available). You must also make sure that any copyrighted materials you used in your assignment meet the conditions set out in section  29.21  of the Copyright Act. For a list of conditions and more information, please visit:  http://studentcopyright.wordpress.com/mashups/

What citation style do I use for the sources in my digital assignment?

There is no one required citation style, so please defer to your instructor's directions and citation style preference.

List your sources in a slide at the end of the Powerpoint presentation, with footnotes throughout your presentation as applicable.

You could also provide a print copy of the sources you used to those attending your presentation.

Seneca Libraries has the following recommendations for how to organize your list of sources for digital assignments. Please check with your instructor first:

Videos you create: 

List your sources in a credits screen at the end of the video.

Websites you create:

• For images, include a citation under each image using this format “From: XXXX” and then make the image a link back to the original image ( example  - picture of little girl). Or list the citation at the bottom of the web page.
• For quotes or material from other sources, include an in-text citation that links back to the original material ( example  – second paragraph).

Images you create: 

If possible list your sources at the bottom or side of the image ( example ). Otherwise, include a list of citations alongside the image wherever it’s uploaded (e.g. Flickr, Blackboard).

**Please note that the above are recommendations only and your instructor may have a preference and directions for how and where you list your sources for your assignment.**

If you don't receive specific instructions from your instructor, try to include your citations in a way that doesn't impact the design of your digital assignment.

For more information please contact Seneca Libraries copyright team at  [email protected]

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• Last Updated: Oct 23, 2024 12:10 PM
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Microsoft 365 Life Hacks > Presentations > How to add citations to your presentation

How to add citations to your presentation

When you craft a formal presentation, you often have to conduct research. Any books, journals, and other forms of media used should be properly cited for your personal reference as well as for your audience. Learn how to create citations in a presentation to appropriately credit different works.

Why should you provide citations?

Information referenced from another source must be clearly cited. Proper citations serve as a roadmap for research, help track ideas, and establish credibility. Citations give credit to the original works and provide transparency for readers and their audience regarding the source.

Readers can access your sources and develop a deeper understanding of your research. They can also explore research from your respective discipline or industry. Additionally, researchers utilize citations to align their work with established experts and bolster the validity of their claims. Without citations, audiences may assume your idea is original, resulting in plagiarism. Acknowledging the intellectual contributions of others with proper citation fosters academic integrity and supports the advancement of ideas amongst scholars and researchers.

Tell your story with captivating presentations

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How to source citations in a presentations

To source citations effectively in presentations, consider the following:

• Identify your sources: Begin by identifying all the sources you have used in your research, including books, articles, websites, and any other relevant materials. Note the authors, publication dates, publisher, and other relevant information for citations.
• Include in-text citations: Incorporate in-text citations throughout your presentation slides to indicate when you are referencing external sources. This helps your audience understand the basis of your arguments and provides transparency regarding the origin of the information presented.
• Provide a reference list: At the end of your presentation, include a reference list that provides full bibliographic information for each source cited. This allows your audience to locate the original works for further reading and verification. Ensure your reference list adheres to the citation style used with your citations.
• Use visual aids: Consider using visual aids , such as infographics or posters , to display citations alongside the corresponding content. This helps reinforce the connection between the information presented and its original source.

Alternatively, you can also provide the references verbally throughout the presentation. This allows the audience to follow along with your presentation and directly reference sources as you present. If you are creating a presentation for a class, follow the instructions or preferences of your instructor. By doing so, you can ensure your citations are understood and appropriate for your audience.

Citations are a critical component of an effective presentation. Citations provide a roadmap for your research, credit the appropriate authors, and foster academic integrity. They’re easy to include in a presentation as in-text citations on your slides and as a reference list. Include citations to make sure you presentation credits the appropriate authors and strengthens its validity. For more help with preparing sources, research, and crafting presentations, learn more presentation tips .

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How to Do a Bibliography on Powerpoint

Including a bibliography at the end of a PowerPoint presentation is more than just a useful guide for your audience: It adds professionalism and credibility to your presentation, showing your audience that you have done your research. Although PowerPoint does not include a tool for creating a bibliography, a basic Title and Content slide added to the end of your presentation provides the tools to create one. When it comes to the formatting of each reference, style requirements vary among institutions that set the standards, including colleges, scientific organizations, or groups that produce their own research. If you are presenting to such a group, rather than a general audience, follow their formatting requirements in your bibliography.

Creating a Bibliography Slide

• Launch Microsoft PowerPoint and scroll down to the last page on your presentation. Insert a new slide by clicking the "Home" tab, then click the "New Slide" arrow in the Slides group of the Ribbon.
• Select the "Title and Content" slide from the available Office Theme options. This gives you two text boxes; one formatted for a title and one for text.
• Click the "Title" text box and type "Bibliography."
• Click the "Content" text box. If a bullet point appears, press the "Backspace" key to delete it. Type your first reference, beginning with the author's last name, followed by a comma, a space and the first name. Refer to the Reference Formatting Section to correctly format each reference according to its type.
• Use hanging paragraphs for each reference that requires more than one line. These are left-aligned paragraphs in which all but the first line are indented. To do this, simply press the "Return" key at the end of the first line, then press the "Tab" key, or insert five spaces before typing the second line.

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• Use the appropriate format for each type of reference based on the expectations of your audience. The Modern Language Association has a specific style, for example, as does the American Psychological Association. However, a bibliography for general audiences includes basic information, such as author, date and title of source.
• Add a book reference using the format: Author's last name, author's first name. Book Title. Place of Publication: Publisher Name, Year. Highlight the publication, and then place of publication and press "Ctrl-I" on the keyboard to italicize the words.
• Add a newspaper or magazine article reference using this format: Author Last Name, First Name. "Article Title." Name of Publication. Date Published: Section and Page, Columns. Highlight the name of the publication, and then press "Ctrl-I" on the keyboard to italicize the words.
• Add a website reference using this format: Author Last Name, First Name. Title of Page. Date. Name of organization or company. Date you accessed the page. www.website.com&gt ;. Highlight the organization, and then press "Ctrl-I" on the keyboard to italicize the words.
• Credit an image from the Internet using this bibliography format: Creator's Last Name, First Name. Description or Title of Image. Online Image. Date you accessed the image. www.website.com&gt ;. Highlight the description or image title, and then press "Ctrl-I" on the keyboard to italicize the words.

Insert Hyperlinks in the Bibliography

• Highlight a website cited in the bibliography. Click the "Insert" tab, then select "Hyperlink" from the Links group in the Ribbon.
• Click "Existing File or Web Page" in the Link To section, and then click "Browse the Web."
• Navigate to the website and click "OK."

Inserting Hyperlinks in a Slides

• Add a hyperlink from a slide that cites a source in the bibliography when you feel it is appropriate. Insert such a slide, for example, if you are directly quoting from the source, or are including statistics or charts from that source.
• Type a reference number in brackets, such as (1) and highlight the number. Click the "Insert" tab and select "Hyperlink" from the Links group. Select "Place in This Document" from the Link To menu.
• Select the bibliography slide containing the reference under the Select a Place in This Document section.
• Type the same number in brackets at the end of the reference. If desired, use these steps to create a hyperlink from this number back to the slide using the reference.
• Microsoft Office: Basic Tasks in PowerPoint 2010
• Microsoft Office: PowerPoint: Create a Hyperlink
• Cornell University: APA Citation Style
• Perdue University: MLA Formatting and Style Guide

A published author and professional speaker, David Weedmark has advised businesses and governments on technology, media and marketing for more than 20 years. He has taught computer science at Algonquin College, has started three successful businesses, and has written hundreds of articles for newspapers and magazines throughout Canada and the United States.