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Reported Speech – Free Exercise

Write the following sentences in indirect speech. Pay attention to backshift and the changes to pronouns, time, and place.

• Two weeks ago, he said, “I visited this museum last week.” → Two weeks ago, he said that   . I → he simple past → past perfect this → that last …→ the … before
• She claimed, “I am the best for this job.” → She claimed that   . I → she simple present→ simple past this→ that
• Last year, the minister said, “The crisis will be overcome next year.” → Last year, the minister said that   . will → would next …→ the following …
• My riding teacher said, “Nobody has ever fallen off a horse here.” → My riding teacher said that   . present perfect → past perfect here→ there
• Last month, the boss explained, “None of my co-workers has to work overtime now.” → Last month, the boss explained that   . my → his/her simple present→ simple past now→ then

Rewrite the question sentences in indirect speech.

• She asked, “What did he say?” → She asked   . The subject comes directly after the question word. simple past → past perfect
• He asked her, “Do you want to dance?” → He asked her   . The subject comes directly after whether/if you → she simple present → simple past
• I asked him, “How old are you?” → I asked him   . The subject comes directly after the question word + the corresponding adjective (how old) you→ he simple present → simple past
• The tourists asked me, “Can you show us the way?” → The tourists asked me   . The subject comes directly after whether/if you→ I us→ them
• The shop assistant asked the woman, “Which jacket have you already tried on?” → The shop assistant asked the woman   . The subject comes directly after the question word you→ she present perfect → past perfect

Rewrite the demands/requests in indirect speech.

• The passenger requested the taxi driver, “Stop the car.” → The passenger requested the taxi driver   . to + same wording as in direct speech
• The mother told her son, “Don’t be so loud.” → The mother told her son   . not to + same wording as in direct speech, but remove don’t
• The policeman told us, “Please keep moving.” → The policeman told us   . to + same wording as in direct speech ( please can be left off)
• She told me, “Don’t worry.” → She told me   . not to + same wording as in direct speech, but remove don’t
• The zookeeper told the children, “Don’t feed the animals.” → The zookeeper told the children   . not to + same wording as in direct speech, but remove don’t

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Reported Speech - Level 1 - Quiz 2

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Created by: mr_xopkins

Language: English

JONATHAN TURLEY

London calling: police chief threatens to arrest people around the world for online speech.

In its hit song London Calling the Clash warns:

“London calling to the faraway towns Now that war is declared and battle come down London calling to the underworld Come out of the cupboard, all you boys and girls”

According to a new report, the British punk rock band may have been prophetic in 1979 in a way never foreseen in its apocalyptic lyrics.  This week, Metropolitan Police Commissioner Sir Mark Rowley said that the police will not necessarily confine its arrests for speech crimes to London or even the United Kingdom. Rowley suggests that Americans and other citizens could be extradited and brought to London for online postings.

London has been hit with days of violent protests over immigration policies, including attacks and arson directed at immigration centers. This violence has been fueled by false reports spread online about the person responsible for an attack at a Taylor Swift-themed dance event that left three girls dead and others wounded. Despite false claims about his being an asylum seeker, the culprit was an 18-year-old British citizen born to Rwandan parents.

News outlets and pundits have condemned the false reports and the violent protests. However, the police are moving to arrest those who are repeating false claims or engaging in inflammatory speech. Rowley is warning that they will not stop at the city limit or even the country’s borders.

He warned “We will throw the full force of the law at people. And whether you’re in this country committing crimes on the streets or committing crimes from further afield online, we will come after you.”

Rowley was asked by a reporter about the criticism by Elon Musk and others over the response of the government. Musk noted a video of someone allegedly arrested for offensive online comments with a question, “Is this Britain or the Soviet Union?”

Pundits and politicians in the United Kingdom have called for an investigation or the arrest of Musk for merely speaking publicly on the controversy.

The reporter said that high profile figures have been “whipping up the hatred,” and that “the likes of Elon Musk” are involved in the online speech. She then asked what the London police are prepared to do “when it comes to dealing with people who are whipping up this kind of behavior from behind the keyboard who may be in a different country?”

Rowley told the reporter:

“Being a keyboard warrior does not make you safe from the law. You can be guilty of offenses of incitement, of stirring up racial hatred, there are numerous terrorist offenses regarding the publishing of material. All of those offenses are in play if people are provoking hatred and violence on the streets, and we will come after those individuals just as we will physically confront on the streets the thugs and the yobs who are taking — who are causing the problems for communities.”

The message is chilling because free speech has been in a free fall in the United Kingdom as well as other Western countries. I discuss this trend in my new book, The Indispensable Right: Free Speech in an Age of Rage .

The decline of free speech in the United Kingdom has long been a concern for free speech advocates. A man was  convicted for sending a tweet while drunk referring to dead soldiers . Another was arrested for an  anti-police t-shirt.  Another was arrested for  calling the Irish boyfriend of his ex-girlfriend a “leprechaun.”  Yet another was arrested for  singing “Kung Fu Fighting.”  A teenager was arrested for  protesting outside of a Scientology center  with a sign calling the religion a “cult.”

We also  discussed  the arrest of a woman who was praying to herself near an abortion clinic. English courts have seen  criminalized “toxic ideologies” as part of this crack down on free speech.

The London police are now deputized to stop or arrest those engaged in speech deemed inciteful or inflammatory. Last year, the police stopped a man from walking in the street because there were pro-Palestinian protesters and his presence would be inciteful because he was “quite openly Jewish.”

The United Kingdom has a myriad of laws criminalizing speech with vague terms allowing for arbitrary enforcement. For example, Public Order Act 1986 prohibits any expressions of racial hatred, defined as hatred against a group of persons by reason of the group’s color, race, nationality (including citizenship) or ethnic or national origins.

Section 18 of the Act specifically includes any speech that is “threatening, abusive, or insulting.” An arrest does not have to be based on a showing of intent to “stir up racial hatred,” but can merely be based on a charge that “having regard to all the circumstances racial hatred is likely to be stirred up thereby.”

The country has also targeted social media companies to force them to censor users for speech deemed threatening, abusive or insulting by the government.

These ambiguous laws are written on the same “trust us, we’re the government” rationale. The police insist that they will use their discretion wisely in what speech will result in arrest.

Ordinarily, one would expect the U.S. government to push back on the suggestion that these laws could be used to arrest and extradite its citizens for the use of free speech. However, the Biden-Harris Administration has been a proponent of censorship and blacklisting for years. At the same time, leading Democrats have called for European-type laws to be adopted or enforced against U.S. citizens for their views on social media.

The effort of these politicians would allow free speech to be reduced to the lowest common denominator as countries export their anti-free speech laws. When Clinton called upon Europeans to censor Americans, this is precisely what such actions would look like.  These foreign countries could force Americans to curtail their speech under the threat of ruinous financial penalties or even arrest.

As some of us predicted, these laws have expanded as the desire to silence others becomes an insatiable appetite. Advocacy groups have pushed the police to crackdown on their critics.  Now, the threat to “throw the full force of the law at people” may be extended to the people of other nations.

We could all soon be dancing to that same tune:

“London calling, see we ain’t got no swing Except for the ring of that truncheon thing”

Jonathan Turley  is the Shapiro Professor of Public Interest Law at George Washington University. He is the author of “ The Indispensable Right: Free Speech in an Age of Rage ” (Simon & Schuster).

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231 thoughts on “london calling: police chief threatens to arrest people around the world for online speech”.

I wish Elon had responded with all encompassing “Nuts”. Some will remember that comment others will be clueless.

Meanwhile, see how the EU is threatening Musk: “EU’s Breton warns Musk on hate speech ahead of Trump interview” https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-warns-elon-musk-hate-speech-donald-trump-interview-breton-x/

I’ll worry about it when the galleons show up in New York Harbor!

They don’t need any galleons. The FBI will be happy deliver you to the UK in chains.

As usual, Mr Turley is late to the party. This has been in the works for some time – so it is no surprise. What is more disturbing is the wishy- washy response to the unconstitutional threat on Americans. Maybe I’ll find an Attorney with a set to file a formal complaint on that. 😉

Enoch Powell was RIGHT!

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Res ipsa loquitur – the thing itself speaks, discover more from jonathan turley.

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Miley Cyrus Breaks Down in Tears While Being Honored at Disney Legends Ceremony 

Miley cyrus got emotional as she reflected on her time as hannah montana while accepting her disney legend award at d23 aug. 11. .

Miley Cyrus has changed her hair and changed her clothes, but she always finds her way back home.

Indeed, the Hannah Montana alum was officially honored with her Disney Legend award at D23 Aug. 11—becoming the youngest person to ever receive the honor—and she couldn’t help but gush over her one in a million experience being the pop star alter ego. 

“I’m definitely going to cry,” Miley tearfully said after accepting her award, per The Hollywood Reporter . “I’m gonna let everybody get on a little Disney Legend secret. I’m the one that tells you what you’re not supposed to know. And what I want to say, is that legends get scared, too. I’m scared right now, but the difference is we do it anyway, and all of you can do that every single day. It’s legendary to be afraid and do it anyway. There is no such thing as failure when you try.”

The Disney alum—who began the role of Hannah Montana in 2006 at just 13 years old, and continued until the end of the series in 2011—reflected on her character who, Miley noted, was created to “rebuild and reimagine” the Disney brand. 

“I stand here still proud to have been Hannah Montana because she made Miley in so many ways,” the 31-year-old continued. “This award is dedicated to Hannah and all of her amazing, loyal fans, and to everyone who has made my dream a reality To quote the legend herself, ‘This is the life.’”

Given that Miley has not donned her iconic blonde wig in over 10 years, her speech also gave her the opportunity to get nostalgic—and she also took the moment to recall one of the most memorable moments of having the best of both worlds.

“Because Hannah Montana is a pop star, we needed footage of her playing sold out concerts, but no one knew who she, a.k.a Miley was,” she reflected. “So, they gave away tickets at the Glendale Mall where I would have my first free concert.” 

The concert, which Miley also detailed in her 2009 book Miles to Go , was the first indication of just how legendary the character would become. 

“In reality I was a little girl in a blonde wig at the mall,” Miley added at the Disney Legend ceremony. “But in my heart I was Hannah Montana. And I was so proud to be. A little bit of everything has changed since that day, but at the same time, nothing has changed at all.”

Keep reading to learn more about Miley’s journey. 

1. She was born  Destiny Hope in 1992. Her parents Billy Ray Cyrus  and Tish Cyrus chose that name because, her father told US Weekly , "She's a giver. She believes that we're all put here for a reason, and that's to give back to our fellow man. I'm real proud of her."

2. Because she smiled often as a child, her family nicknamed her "Smiley," which was eventually shortened to Miley. The star legally changed her name to Miley Ray Cyrus in 2008.

3. Her godmother is Dolly Parton , who became close with her Billy Ray after they worked together in the early 1990s. 

"We just kind of gelled, 'cause we're both country kids. We had a lot of fun just talking about that," Parton said on SiriusXM's Just Jenny in 2019. "And then when Miley came along, I said, 'She's got to be my fairy goddaughter.'" (Parton would later make an appearance on Hannah Montana as the titular character's fairy godmother.)

4. Miley knew she wanted to pursue a career in the entertainment industry after seeing a production of Mamma Mia! with her dad, who told the Toronto Star that she grabbed his arm and said, "'This is what I want to do, daddy. I want to be an actress.'"

5. She made her acting debut on Billy Ray's PAX TV series Doc .

6. At age 11, Miley auditioned for the Disney Channel series Hannah Montana . The producers initially thought she was too young, but after an exhaustive six-month search that had over 1,000 actresses read for the role of the secret pop star, executives brought Miley, then 12, back in. 

"She stood in front of us and knocked us out," Gary Marsh , Disney's president at the time, told USA Today in 2007. "I remember I came back to my desk that night and wrote a note to my team saying, 'This is either something extraordinary or a chance that didn't pay off.' That bet has paid off in truly unimaginable ways."

7. During a 2020 interview with Hilary Duff on her Instagram Live show Bright Minded , Miley admitted the Lizzie McGuire star  inspired her to audition for Hannah.

"The only reason I wanted it was so I could do whatever you did," Miley told Hilary. "And so really, I don't think I gave a s--t about being an actress or a singer. I just wanted to copy you no matter what."

8. Hannah Montana premiered in March 2006 and quickly became one of Disney Channel's highest rated series of all time and made Miley one of Hollywood's most popular young stars. By 2008, paparazzi photos of Miley were being sold for anywhere from $30,000 to $150,000, according to The Los Angeles Times .

9. While they portrayed best friends on-screen, Miley revealed she and co-star Emily Osment "struggled to get along" during the first two seasons.

"There was competition between us—girls struggle with that, and we were no exception. I didn't do much to fix it," Miley wrote in her 2009 memoir, Miles to Go . "I mean, I wanted to, but I had no idea how to go about fixing it. I never got along with girls as well as I did with guys." But the two eventually became friends, with Miley explaining, "It took us a while to get into a groove. We both needed to learn how to be sensitive to each other."

10. After the series ended in 2011—there was also the 2009 big-screen release  Hannah Montana: The Movie in 2009—Miley admitted she struggled to find herself.

"Some of my audience was so attached to a character, which wasn't me," she told Howard Stern in 2020. "So, then that does a lot of psychological stuff, where it's like, 'Am I valuable as myself?' OK, the whole show's premise was that when I had my normal hair and looked like myself, no one gave a s--t about me. And then when I got all dolled up and put a wig on, all of a sudden, you know, I'm being chased by people chasing my tour bus. So, that's a lot to put on a kid—to go, 'When you're yourself, no one gives a f--k.' But then when they go and kind of groom you to look like something else, something that you're not, and you're really young, and it's a lot of makeup and, you know, wigs and all this stuff, it does something psychologically."

11. It was love at first sight for Miley when she met her first boyfriend Nick Jonas at a charity event in 2006, when they were both 13 years old. "We became boyfriend and girlfriend the day we met," Miley revealed to Seventeen in 2008. "He was on a quest to meet me, and he was like, 'I think you're beautiful and I really like you.' And I was like, 'Oh, my gosh, I like you so much.'" 

After secretly dating, the couple broke up and Miley admitted she "bawled for a month straight" after their split. "Nick and I loved each other," she told the mag. "We still do, but we were in love with each other. For two years he was basically my 24/7. But it was really hard to keep it from people. We were arguing a lot, and it really wasn't fun."

12. Her relationship with Nick inspired her breakup anthem "7 Things," with Miley even wearing the necklace he gave her in the music video for the 2008 hit. The couple briefly reconnected in 2009, with their short-lived reunion inspiring The Jonas Brothers  ballad "Before the Storm," which featured Miley. 

13. While filming The Last Song in 2009, Miley began dating her co-star Liam Hemsworth. They were on and off for a decade before getting married in 2018 . But Miley and Liam announced their split eight months later and they were officially divorced in 2020 . 

14. Miley later admitted that the trauma of losing their house in Malibu during the California wildfires in 2018 drove her decision to marry the Hunger Games star after a two-year engagement.

"We were together since 16," she said on The Howard Stern Show in 2020. "Our house burned down. We had been like, engaged—I don't know if we really ever thought we were actually going to get married, but when we lost our house in Malibu...I just clung to what I had left of that house, which was me and him. And I really do and did love him very, very, very much and still do, always will."

15. During her 2020 appearance on the Call Her Daddy podcast, Miley reflected on her first "hook-up," confirming it was Liam without directly naming her ex-husband. 

"I ended up marrying the guy, so that's pretty crazy," she said. "I lied and said that he wasn't the first, so I didn't seem like a loser."

16. Shortly after announcing her split from Liam, Miley made headlines when she began a whirlwind romance with  The Hills: New Beginnings  alum  Kaitlynn Carter . The couple broke up after two months, with Kaitlynn admitting the public's interest in their romance played a factor in their split. 

"We actually did work pretty hard to keep it as private as we could, but it is what it is," she said on  The Viall Files  podcast in June 2020. "It's so hard to go through a breakup in the public eye, too...it's so rough. But there's also a lot to be gained and learned from that."

17. Miley came out as pansexual in 2016, telling Variety that she struggled to "understand" her gender and sexuality growing up.

"I always hated the word 'bisexual,' because that's even putting me in a box," she explained to the publication. "I don't ever think about someone being a boy or someone being a girl. Also, my nipple pasties and s--t never felt sexualized to me. My eyes started opening in the fifth or sixth grade. My first relationship in my life was with a chick. I grew up in a very religious Southern family."

18. In 2017, Miley claimed she was the inspiration for Katy Perry 's hit song "I Kissed a Girl."

"I heard her on the radio...they said, 'Who did you write that about?'" Miley told WKTU . "She said: me! I heard it and I screamed, and started freaking out."

19. Miley is the founder of the Happy Hippie Foundation, which works to fight injustice facing homeless youth, LGBTQ youth and other vulnerable populations. 

20. In her 2009 autobiography, Miley revealed she was born with tachycardia, a non-life-threatening condition that makes her heart beat much faster than the normal rate.

"The type of tachycardia I have isn't dangerous. It won't hurt me, but it does bother me," she wrote. "There is never a time onstage when I'm not thinking about my heart."

21. Miley adopted a vegan diet for six years before switching to a pescatarian lifestyle because her "brain wasn't functioning properly," she explained on   The Joe Rogan Experience in 2020. She revealed that Liam cooked fish for her to eat as her first meal in ages that wasn't entirely plant-based and, she recalled, "I cried, like, for a long time. I cried for the fish...it really hurts me to eat fish."

22. While "Party in the U.S.A." is one of Miley's most successful songs, the singer isn't exactly a fan of the catchy track. "I hate it," she said in a 2019 video . "But for some reason, the people love it." 

23. In 2013, an online petition posted  on the White House's official "We the People" website asked President Barack Obama to change the U.S. national anthem from "The Star-Spangled Banner" to "Party in the U.S.A."

24. Initially set to lend her voice to the 2021 animated movie Hotel Transylvania , Miley claimed in a 2019 tweet that she was fired "for buying Liam a penis cake for his birthday and licking it." (She was replaced by fellow former Disney star Selena Gomez .)

25. In 2010, Miley's Disney darling image went up in smoke  when a now-infamous video surfaced of the star taking a hit from a bong. A decade later, Miley hilariously celebrated the scandal's anniversary on Instagram.

"Happy 10 year anniversary to the groundbreaking video of a teenager smoking a bong & saying dumb s--t to their friends," she wrote. "(Not sure the director of this fine film should be considered a 'friend' but...)" She also answered a burning question, writing, "#YesItWasReallySalvia #IfYouFindWeedThatDoesThisToYouSHARE."

26. In a 2019 tweet , Miley alleged the bong incident cost her a huge endorsement contract, writing, "I lost a massive Walmart deal at 17 for ripping a bong."

27. Miley has 74 tattoos and got her first body art when she was 17.

28. Miley has been open about her sobriety journey over the years, discussing her relapse during the pandemic.

"Well, I, like a lot of people, being completely honest...fell off," she said during an interview with Zane Lowe for Apple Music in 2020. "I would never sit here and go, 'I've been f--king sober,' and I didn't. I fell off and I realized that I now am back on sobriety, two weeks sober, and I feel like I really accepted that time."

She added that she's trying to come to terms with things, noting, "One of the things I've used is 'Don't get furious, get curious.' So don't be mad at yourself, but ask yourself, 'What happened?'"

29. Miley explained that the deaths of musicians like Amy Winehouse, Jimi Hendrix, Jim Morrison and Kurt Cobain inspired her to reevaluate her relationship with alcohol .

"Twenty-seven to me was a year that I really had to protect myself," she said. "That actually really made me want to get sober, because we've lost so many icons at 27. It's a very pivotal time. You go into that next chapter or this is it for you. I just feel that some of the artists that almost couldn't handle their own power and their own energy and their own force. It's an energy. I, no matter what, was born with that."

30. In March 2022, Miley's plane had to make an emergency landing after it was struck by lightning while she was en route from Colombia to Paraguay for the 2022 Asuncionico music festival. Miley later admitted that she was "a little traumatized" by the incident. 

"It was really scary," she told Seth Meyers . "I was in my mom's lap because I was pretty sure it didn't matter about the seatbelts at this point."

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Trump and Musk talk about assassination attempt and deportations during glitchy chat on X

This combination of photos shows former President Donald Trump during rally in Minden, Nev., Oct. 8, 2022, left, and Elon Musk in Wilmington, Del., July 12, 2021. (AP Photo)

FILE - President Donald Trump, right, talks with Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk at the White House in Washington, Feb. 3, 2017. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci, File)

FILE - Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk talks with President Donald Trump, May 30, 2020, in Cape Canaveral, Fla. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon, File)

Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump arrives to speak at a campaign rally in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)

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NEW YORK (AP) — Donald Trump recounted his assassination attempt in vivid detail and promised the largest deportation in U.S. history during a high-profile return to the social media platform formerly known as Twitter — a conversation that was plagued by technical glitches.

“If I had not turned my head, I would not be talking to you right now — as much as I like you,” Trump told X’s owner Elon Musk .

Musk, a former Trump critic, said the Republican nominee’s toughness, as demonstrated by his reaction to last month’s shooting, was critical for national security.

“There’s some real tough characters out there,” Musk said. “And if they don’t think the American president is tough, they will do what they want to do.”

Trump returns to X

The rare public conversation between Trump and Musk, which spanned more than two hours Monday night and was overwhelmingly friendly, revealed little new about Trump’s plans for a second term. The former president spent much of the discussion focused on his recent assassination attempt, illegal immigration and his plans to cut government regulations.

AP AUDIO: Trump and Musk talk about assassination attempt and deportations during glitchy chat on X

AP correspondent Norman Hall reports on a rare public conservation between the owner of the media platform formerly known as Twitter and the Republican presidential nominee and former president.

Still, the online meeting underscored just how much the U.S. political landscape has changed less than four years after Trump was permanently banned by the social media platform’s former leadership for spreading disinformation that sparked the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on Congress and undermined the very foundation of the American democracy.

Such disinformation has thrived at X under Musk’s leadership, although it was largely ignored during his conversation with Trump save for a passing Trump reference to a “rigged election.”

Trump supporters frustrated by tech delays

The session was intended to serve as a way for the former president to reach potentially millions of voters directly. It was also an opportunity for X, a platform that relies heavily on politics, to redeem itself after some struggles.

Not available????? I planned my whole day around this

It did not begin as planned.

With more than 878,000 users connected to the meeting more than 40 minutes after the scheduled start time, the interview had not yet begun. Many users received a message reading, “Details not available.”

Trump’s team posted that the “interview on X is being overwhelmed with listeners logging in.” And once the meeting began, Musk apologized for the late start and blamed a “massive attack” that overwhelmed the company’s system. Trump’s voice sounded muffled at times.

Trump supporters were openly frustrated.

“Not available????? I planned my whole day around this,” wrote conservative commentator Glenn Beck.

“Please let Elon know we can’t join,” billionaire hedge fund manager Bill Ackman posted.

Ahead of the event, Musk posted on the platform that X was conducting “some system scaling tests” to handle what was anticipated to be a high volume of participants.

Harris campaign mocks livestream glitches

The rocky start was reminiscent of a May 2023 social media conversation between Musk and Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis. The Republican governor was using the social media platform as a way to officially announce his presidential bid, a disastrous rollout marred by technical glitches, overloaded by the more than 400,000 people who tried to dial in.

Trump’s Democratic rival, Vice President Kamala Harris, noted that Trump mocked DeSantis at the time.

“Wow! The DeSanctus TWITTER launch is a DISASTER! His whole campaign will be a disaster. WATCH!” Trump wrote in a message reposted by Harris’ campaign Monday.

Once the interview ended, Harris’ campaign responded with a statement saying, “Trump’s entire campaign is in service of people like Elon Musk and himself — self-obsessed rich guys who will sell out the middle class and who cannot run a livestream in the year 2024.”

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Bitter rivals to unlikely allies

Monday’s meeting highlighted the evolving personal relationship between Trump and Musk, two of the world’s most powerful men, who have shifted from being bitter rivals to unlikely allies over the span of one election season.

Musk, who described himself as a “moderate Democrat” until recently, suggested in 2022 that Trump was too old to be president again. Still, Musk formally endorsed Trump two days after his assassination attempt last month.

During their talk, Trump welcomed the idea of Musk joining his next administration to help cut government waste. Musk volunteered to join a prospective “government efficiency commission.”

“You’re the greatest cutter,” Trump told Musk. “I need an Elon Musk — I need somebody that has a lot of strength and courage and smarts. I want to close up the Department of Education, move education back to the states.”

Even before his endorsement, the tech CEO had already been working privately to support a pro-Trump super PAC. The group, known as America PAC, is now under investigation by election officials for alleged misleading attempts to collect data from voters.

Meanwhile, Trump has softened his criticism of electric vehicles, citing Musk’s leadership of Tesla. And on Monday, at least, Trump returned to Musk’s social media platform in force. The former president made at least eight individual posts in the hours leading up to the Musk interview.

How Musk uses X to amplify his views globally

Long before he endorsed Trump, Musk turned increasingly toward the right in his posts and actions on the platform, also using X to try to sway political discourse around the world. He’s gotten in a dustup with a Brazilian judge over censorship, railed against what he calls the “woke mind virus” and amplified false claims that Democrats are secretly flying in migrants to vote in U.S. elections.

Musk has also reinstated previously banned accounts such as the conspiracy theorist Alex Jones and Trump, who was kicked off the platform — then known as Twitter — two days after the Jan. 6 violence, with the company citing “the risk of further incitement of violence.” By November 2022, Musk had bought the company, and Trump’s account was reinstated , although the former president refrained from tweeting until Monday, insisting that he was happier on his own Truth Social site, which he launched during the ban.

Trump’s audience on X is legions larger than on Truth Social, which became a publicly traded company earlier this year. Trump has just over 7.5 million followers on Truth Social, while his mostly dormant X account is followed by 88 million. Musk’s account, which hosted the interview, has more than 193 million followers.

In a reminder that the world was watching, the chat prompted a preemptive note of caution from Europe.

Thierry Breton, a French business executive and commissioner for internal market of the European Union, warned Musk of possible “amplification of harmful content” by broadcasting his interview with Trump. In a letter posted on X, Breton urged Musk to “ensure X’s compliance” with EU law, including the Digital Services Act, adopted in 2022 to address a number of issues including disinformation.

Trump campaign spokesman Steven Cheung urged the EU to “mind their own business instead of trying to meddle in the U.S. Presidential election.”

Kinnard reported from Columbia, South Carolina, and can be reached at http://x.com/MegKinnardAP .

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