class 6 geography case study questions

Case Study Questions Class 6 Geography Our Country – India

Case study questions class 6 geography chapter 6 our country – india.

CBSE Class 6 Case Study Questions Geography Our Country – India. Important Case Study Questions for Class 6 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Our Country – India.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 6 Geography Our Country – India

1.) What is in the North of India?

2.) What is India surrounded with in east and west ?

4.) What is the east-west extent of India?

2.) What is palk strait?

Answer- Him+alaya mean ‘the abode of snow’.

2.) The himalayan mountain is divided into how many parallel ranges?

4.) Where do Middle Himalaya or Himachal lie?

Answer- The Shiwalik is the southernmost range.

Answer- In the western part of India lies the Great Indian desert.

4.) To the south of northern plains lie?

3.) Where is the Lakshadweep island located?

Also See: Previous Chapter Maps Case based Questions and Answers

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Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2

September 4, 2019 by Bhagya

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 2

NCERT Extra Questions for Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1. Define a latitude. Answer: Angular distance from the equator on both sides (North and South) is called latitude. Latitudes are 180°-90° north of equator and 90° south of equator.

Question 2. What are the latitudes of North and South Poles? Answer: The angular distance of the North Pole and South Pole from the equator is 90°. So, the latitude of the North Pole is 90°N and that of South Pole is 90°S.

Question 3. What is the difference between the Parallels of Latitude and the Meridians of Longitude? Answer: The difference between the Parallels of Latitude and the Meridians of Longitude is given below:

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1. What does the Earth look like? What is its shape? Answer:

• The Earth looks like an orange. It bulges on the sides and is slightly flat on the top and at the bottom.
• Its true shape is geoid which means earth – like shape.
• A globe is the three dimensional model of the Earth.

Question 2. What is a globe? What are its types? Answer: Globe is the three dimensional model representing the true shape of the Earth. Globes are of various sizes and types:

• Big Size Globe. Can not be carried easily.
• Small Pocket Globe
• Balloon Like Globe. They can be inflated and are handy and carried with ease.

Question 3. What is the use of Globes? Answer:

• On globes, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct shape.
• Distance and directions are also shown correctly on the globe.
• The extent of relief features is correct.

Question 4. What are longitudes? Answer: Longitudes:

• Angular distance from the Prime Meridian is termed as longitude.
• Lines joining the North Pole and the South Pole are called the lines of longitude.
• They are also called meridian because noon occurs at the same time at places located on a line of longitude.

Question 5. Define local time. Answer: Local Time:

• Local time is calculated by the position of the Sun at noon of a given place.
• It bases on the local meridian passing through that place. When the Sun is exactly overhead at that meridian, it is 12 noon.
• The places lying North and South on the same meridian will have the same local time. On the otherhand the places lying East or West of that meridian have different local times.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1. Describe important parallels of latitudes. Answer: Important Parallels. Equator:

• Equator is the longest parallel running in the East-West direction.
• It is a great circle.

Tropic of Cancer: It is the parallel of 23 \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° N in the Northern hemisphere.

Tropic of Capricorn: It is the parallel of 23 \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° S in the Southern hemisphere.

Arctic Circle: It lies at 66\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° north of the equator.

Antarctic Circle: It lies at 66 \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° south of the equator.

90° Parallel: It is shown by a point. Its length is zero.

North Pole: It is at 90° north of equator.

Question 2. Describe major heat zones of the Earth. Answer: Heat Zones of the Earth. 1. Torrid Zone:

• Torrid means hot.
• This zone receives the maximum amount of heat throughout the year, because the rays of the Sun fall vertically on this zone.
• This zone is located between the Tropic of Cancer (23\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° S).

2. Temperate Zone:

• The temperate zones lie in both the hemispheres.
• North temperate zone lies in northern hemisphere between Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle.
• South temperate zone lies in the southern hemisphere between the Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle.
• These zones are neither too hot nor too cold.

3. Frigid Zone:

• Frigid means cold.
• Beyond the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle temperatures are very low and the climate is very cold.
• This is due to the extreme slanting of the Sun’s rays.
• The North Frigid Zone lies between the Arctic Circle (66\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)° N) and the North Pole in the Northern hemisphere.
• The South Frigid Zone lies between Antarctic Circle (66\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)°S) and the South Pole in the Southern hemisphere.

Question 3. Explain major features of meridians. Answer: The following are the major features of meridians:

• Meridians are equal in length.
• The longitude running through the Greenwich pear London was first chosen as the Prime Meridian (Prime Meridian means chief or main meridian) having noon at the same time at all places on this line.
• It is the 0° longitude.
• It divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres.

• They are semicircles.
• They are 360 in all -180 in the East and 180 in the West of Prime Meridian. 180°E and 180° W is one longitude.

Question 4. How do longitudes help us in calculating time? Answer: Longitude and Time.

• Longitudes help us to calculate time.
• Time is measured by the movement of the Earth.
• The Earth moves on its axis from West to East. It is called rotation.

It takes 24 hours for the earth to complete one rotation:

• This means in 24 hours the Earth completes 360°.
• Hence, it takes about 4 minutes for crossing one degree of longitude (or it takes one hour in crossing 15 degrees of longitude)
• Accordingly, the Earth has been divided into 24 time zones of one hour each.
• This means each place has different time of Sunrise and Sunset.
• Places east of the Greenwich Meridian experience day or sunrise earlier than the places lying west of this Meridian. In other words time is ahead in the east than that in the west, at the rate of 4 minutes per degree of longitude.

Question 5. What is Standard Time? Answer: Standard Time:

• Local time of a place is based on the longitude of that place. It means places situated on different meridians will have different local tidies.
• It creates much confusion and problem for people to function.
• To solve these problems every country fixes its central meridian, which is considered the standard meridian
• of that country. The local time of this meridian is considered standard for the whole country. It is called standard time.
• In India the longitude of 82\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)°E (82° 30° E) is treated as the standard meridian.
• The local time of this meridian is followed all over the country.
• This is known as Indian Standard Time (IST).
• Through an international agreement, the local time of all places is linked to the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Different places have different times.

Question 6. Kabeer lives in a small town near Bhopal. He tells his friend Alok that they will not be able to sleep tonight. A day and night cricket match between India and England had started, at 2 p.m. in London. This means that the match would finish well after 1 a.m. in the night. The match according to Indian Standard Time (1ST) has started at 7.30 p.m. Do you know what is the time difference between India and England? Answer:

• Vindhyachal (Mirzapur Distt., U.P.) -India is located east of Greenwich at 82°30′ E. Its time is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich (London) (The GMT).
• So it will be 5.30 p.m. in India when it is 12.00 noon at London.
• When the cricket match starts at London at 2 p.m. The time of match-start in India is 7.30 p.m.
• Kabeer will not be able to sleep that night because the match will be seen in India during the night.

Question 7. Why do we have Standard Time? Answer:

• Places located on a meridian of longitude have the same time. It is called local time.
• Time at a meridian of longitude differs from the time of another meridian of longitude by 4 minutes (either less by 4 minutes or more by 4 minutes).
• The local time of Dwarka (Gujarat) lags behind by 1 hour 45 minutes from that of Dibrugarh (Assam).
• A person going from west to east will have to advance his/her watch by 4 minutes after crossing a meridian. On the other hand, a person going from east to west will have his/her watch moved backwards by 4 minute at each meridian. This creates problem for him.
• To remove this problem the local time of a central meridian of the country is assumed standard for the whole country. It is called Standard Time.
• All the watches indicate the same time in all parts of the country.
• People do not have to move their watches advanced or backed.
• All the work is done according to this time.
• In India the local time of 82°30′ E is taken as standard for the whole country. It is called Indian Standard Time (IST).

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1. What is a globe? (a) Earth (b) True model of the earth (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these Answer: True model of the earth

Question 2. Which of the following are shown on the globe in their true size? (a) Countries (b) Continents (d Oceans (d) All of these Answer: All of these

Question 3. What is called a needle fixed through the globe in a tilted manner? (a) Orbit (b) Axis (c) Latitude (d) Longitude Answer: Axis

Question 4. What divides the earth into two equal parts. The northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere? (a) Tropic of Capricorn (b) Tropic of Cancer (c) Equator (d) Arctic Circle Answer: Equator

Question 5. Name one of the following parallels of latitudes as Tropic of Cancer. (a) 0° (b) 23° 30′ S (c) 23° 30′ N (d) 66° 30′ N Answer: 23° 30′ N

Question 6. Between which parallels of latitudes is the Torrid Zone situated? (a) Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn (b) Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle (c) Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle (d) None of these Answer: Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn

Question 7. Which of the following zone is situated between 66°30′ S and poles? (a) Torrid Zone (b) Temperate Zone (c) Frigid Zone (d) All of these Answer: Frigid Zone

Question 8. Which of the following is called the Prime Meridian? (a) 23° 30′ N (b) 23° 30′ S (c) 82° 30′ E (d) 0° longitude Answer: 0° longitude

Question 9. What divides the earth into the eastern and the western hemispheres? (a) Equator (b) Prime Meridian (c) 82° 30′ E (d) None of these Answer: Prime Meridian

Question 10. In which ocean are Tonga Islands situated? (a) Indian Ocean (b) Atlantic Ocean (c) Pacific Ocean (d) None of these Answer: Pacific Ocean

Question 11. On which parallel of latitude is Mauritius located? (a) 10° N (b) 20° S (c) 23° 30′ S (d) 0° Answer: 20° S

12. Which place is located at the intersection of 26° N and 90° E? (a) Dhubri (b) Mauritius (c) Tonga (d) Meerut Answer: Dhubri

Question 13. What time does earth take, rotating from one degree longitude to next longitude? (a ) 4 minutes (b) 15 minutes (c) 10 minutes (d) None of these Answer: 4 minutes

Question 14. What is the time difference between the time of Dwarka in Gujarat and time of Dibrugarh in Assam? (a) 2 hours (b) 1 hour and 30 minutes (c) hour and 45 minutes (d) 5 hours and 30 minutes Answer: hour and 45 minutes

Question 15. The local time of 82Q30’ E longitude is taken as a standard throughout India. It is known as (a) local time of India (b) Indian Standard Time (IST) (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these Answer: Indian Standard Time (1ST)

Question 16. The time of India is ahead of that of England by (a) 2 hours (b) 5 hours and 30 minutes (c) 3 hours (d) none of these Answer: 5 hours and 30 minutes

Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science

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NCERT Solutions

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Class 6 Geography Chapter 3 Case Based Questions - Motions of the Earth

Case 1: Earth's Movements

Scenario: In a school science class, the teacher is explaining the concept of Earth's movements. She tells her students about rotation and revolution based on the information provided above. After the lesson, the students are given the following case-based questions to test their understanding.

Q1: What is the primary difference between rotation and revolution as explained by the teacher? Ans:  Rotation is the Earth spinning on its axis, while revolution is its movement around the Sun in a set path. Q2: Explain why day and night occur on Earth due to rotation. Ans:   Rotation causes day and night as the Earth's surface facing the Sun experiences daylight, while the opposite side experiences night. Q3: If Earth did not rotate, describe the extreme conditions that would prevail on one side of the planet. Ans: If Earth didn't rotate, one side would have perpetual daylight and warmth, while the other side would be in darkness and cold, making life impossible. Q4: How often does a leap year occur, and why is it necessary? Provide a brief explanation. Ans: A leap year occurs every four years to account for the extra six hours each year, totaling 24 hours over four years. Q5: On what dates do equinoxes occur, and what happens during these events? Ans:   Equinoxes occur on March 21st and September 23rd when neither pole is tilted towards the Sun, resulting in equal day and night durations globally.

Case 2: Seasonal Changes

Two friends, Alex and Maya, are discussing the changing seasons based on their knowledge of Earth's movements. They've learned about solstices and equinoxes from the information provided above and decide to quiz each other.

Q6: Alex asks Maya to explain what happens during the Summer Solstice and why it results in longer daylight in the Northern Hemisphere. Ans: During the Summer Solstice on June 21st, the Northern Hemisphere tilts towards the Sun, leading to longer daylight hours. Q7: Maya challenges Alex to describe the Winter Solstice and its impact on the Southern Hemisphere. Ans:   The Winter Solstice on December 22nd causes the Southern Hemisphere to tilt towards the Sun, resulting in longer daylight hours. Q8: Alex wants to know how seasons change on Earth and asks Maya to explain the role of Earth's position around the Sun. Ans:   Seasons change due to Earth's position relative to the Sun, affecting the angle and duration of sunlight. Q9: Maya asks Alex to define the circle of illumination and why it doesn't align with Earth's axis. Ans:   The circle of illumination is the line separating day and night, not aligning with Earth's axis due to its axial tilt. Q10: Finally, both friends discuss the concept of equinoxes and their occurrence in spring and autumn. They summarize their understanding. Ans:   Equinoxes occur on March 21st and September 23rd, marking the beginning of spring and autumn in different hemispheres.

Case 3: Leap Year Mysteries

In a trivia night at a local pub, participants are asked questions related to leap years. The participants need to rely on their knowledge of Earth's movements and leap years from the information provided above to answer the following questions.

Q11: Why do we add an extra day to February every four years? Explain the concept of leap years. Ans: An extra day is added to February every four years to account for the extra six hours per year, creating a leap year. Q12: Calculate how many hours are saved over four years and why this results in a leap year. Ans:  Over four years, 24 hours (one day) are saved due to the extra six hours each year, resulting in a leap year. Q13: What year is considered a leap year, and how often does it occur? Ans:  A leap year occurs every four years. Q14: If someone was born on February 29th, how old would they be on their 10th birthday, considering they were born in a leap year? Ans: Someone born on February 29th in a leap year would be 10 years old on their 10th birthday. Q15: Can you name a famous event or celebration that takes place in leap years, and why is it significant? Ans: One famous event in leap years is the Summer Olympics, held every four years, showcasing athletic excellence on a global stage.

Case 4: Day and Night Exploration

A group of young students is on a field trip to an observatory to learn about Earth's movements and their effects on day and night. The observatory guide explains the concepts in detail, and the students are later given these questions.

Q16: Describe the process of Earth's rotation and how it leads to day and night. Ans: Earth's rotation causes day and night, with the side facing the Sun experiencing daylight and the opposite side experiencing night. Q17: Using the information provided, explain why the circle of illumination is significant in understanding day and night. Ans: The circle of illumination is the boundary separating illuminated day and dark night regions, influenced by Earth's axial tilt. Q18: If the observatory were located at the North Pole, how many days and nights would the students experience during the Summer Solstice? Ans: During the Summer Solstice at the North Pole, there would be continuous daylight for about six months. Q19: How does the observatory guide explain the occurrence of seasons to the students based on Earth's revolution? Ans:   Earth's revolution around the Sun leads to the changing seasons due to varying angles and duration of sunlight. Q20: The students ask the guide about equinoxes, and he provides a clear explanation of their significance. Summarize what the guide says about equinoxes. Ans:   The guide explains that equinoxes occur when day and night durations are nearly equal globally, typically on March 21st and September 23rd.

Case 5: Equinox Celebrations

Scenario: celebrations around the world. She comes across information about equinox celebrations and decides to research them further. Sarah prepares questions to deepen her understanding.

Q21: Sarah is intrigued by equinox celebrations. Can you explain why equinoxes are significant for different cultures worldwide? Ans: Equinoxes are significant for different cultures due to their connection to changing seasons and the balance of day and night. Q22: She learns that on March 21st, the Northern Hemisphere experiences spring, while the Southern Hemisphere has autumn. Provide more details about these equinox events. Ans: On March 21st, the Northern Hemisphere experiences spring, while the Southern Hemisphere has autumn, marking the vernal equinox. Q23: Sarah plans to attend a celebration in the Southern Hemisphere on September 23rd. Describe the cultural festivities she can expect to witness. Ans: Celebrations in the Southern Hemisphere on September 23rd include various cultural festivities that embrace the arrival of spring. Q24: While researching equinoxes, Sarah comes across the concept of Earth's axial tilt. Explain how this tilt influences the changing seasons. Ans: Earth's axial tilt influences the changing seasons as it determines the angle of sunlight on different parts of the Earth. Q25: Finally, Sarah wonders if she can experience both spring and autumn on the same day. Can you clarify if this is possible and under what circumstances it may occur? Ans: It's not possible to experience both spring and autumn on the same day globally, as equinoxes mark the transition between these seasons.  

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• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Class 6
• Class 6 Social Science
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• Chapter 6 Major Landforms Of The Earth

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 - Major Landforms of the Earth

Ncert book solutions class 6 chapter 6.

The Earth has an infinite variety of landforms. Mountains, hills, plateaus and plains are the four major types of landforms. A mountain is any natural elevation of the earth’s surface. There are three types of mountains – Fold Mountains, Block Mountains and Volcanic Mountains. A plateau is an elevated flat-topped tableland standing above the surrounding area. Plains are large stretches of flat land. We, at BYJU’S, provide the NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 for students who want to excel in their studies and ace their final exam.

• Chapter 1 The Earth in the Solar system
• Chapter 2 Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes
• Chapter 3 Motions of the earth
• Chapter 4 Maps
• Chapter 5 Major Domains of the Earth
• Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth
• Chapter 7 Our Country – India
• Chapter 8 India: Climate, Wildlife and Vegetation

Students can download the NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography PDF from the link given below

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography (The Earth: Our Habitat) Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 – Major Landforms of the Earth

1. Answer the following questions briefly.

(a) What are the major landforms?

(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?

(c) What are the different types of mountains?

(d) How are mountains useful to man?

(e) How are plains formed?

(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?

(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?

(a) The major landforms are:

(b)The difference between a mountain and a plateau is given below:

(c) There are 3 different types of Mountains:

• Fold Mountains
• Block Mountains
• Volcanic Mountains

(d) Mountains are useful to man in various ways:

• Mountains are a storehouse of water.
• Water from the mountains is also used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
• The river valleys and terraces are ideal for the cultivation of crops.
• Mountains have a wide variety of flora and fauna.
• Several sports, like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting, and skiing, are popular in the mountains.

(e) When the rivers flow through mountain slopes, erosion of mountains occurs. The flowing river carries the eroded material, and the deposit materials like silt, clay and stones are gathered in the valleys. This leads to the formation of plains.

(f) River plains are thickly populated because of the fertility of the plains. This makes the construction of a transportation network comparatively easier.

(g) Mountains are thinly populated because :

• The climate is harsh in the mountain areas.
• Slopes are steep in the mountains, and that reduces the land available for farming.

2. Tick the correct answers.

(a) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of

(i) elevation (ii) slope (iii) aspect

(b) Glaciers are found in

(i) the mountains (ii) the plains (iii) the plateaus

(c) The Deccan Plateau is located in

(i) Kenya (ii) Australia (iii) India

(d) The river Yangtze flows in

(i) South America (ii) Australia (iii) China

(e) An important mountain range of Europe is

(i) the Andes (ii) the Alps (iii) the Rockies

• (i) elevation
• (i) the mountains
• (iii) India
• (iii) China
• (ii) the Alps

3. Fill in the blanks.

1. A ___________ is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.

2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of _______________types of mountains.

3. _____________ areas are rich in mineral deposits.

4. The _________________ is a line of mountains.

5. The ____________areas are most productive for farming.

1. A Plain is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.

2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of fold types of mountains.

3. Plateau areas are rich in mineral deposits.

4. The Range is a line of mountains.

5. The plain areas are most productive for farming.

Major Landforms of the Earth Summary

The NCERT Class 6 Geography The Earth: Our Habitat Chapter 6 has the following topics:

Geography – The Earth: Our Habitat is an important book for Class 6 Social Science subject. Apart from this chapter, the full set of NCERT solutions for Class 6 Social Science is given in the linked article.

Disclaimer: This Chapter is removed as per the NCERT Syllabus 2022-23.

Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography Chapter 6

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Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers

CBSE Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers is available here. Students can learn and download PDF of these questions for free. These extra questions and answers are prepared by our expert teachers as per the latest NCERT textbook and guidelines. Learning these extra questions will help you to score excellent marks in the final exams.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 Extra Questions and Answers

Very short answer questions.

1: What is the main reason for the upliftment and sinking of the earth? Answer:  Continuous movement within earth’s interior

2: Name the highest peak in the world. Answer:  Mount Everest

3: Give examples of block mountains. Answer:  Rhine valley and the Vosges mountain in Europe

4: Jog Falls are situated in _________. Answer:  Karnataka.

5: Mauna Kea is an under sea mountain. True/ False Answer:  True

6: What do you mean by Range of mountains? Answer:  group of mountains in a continuous line.

7: Name the oldest Fold Mountain System in the world. Answer:  Aravali range.

8: Give an example of fold mountains. Answer:  Ural Mountains in Russia

9: How do Volcanic Mountains are formed? Answer:  Due to volcanic activities inside the earth.

10: Give an example of Volcanic Mountain. Answer:  Mt. Kilimanjaro.

11: The lava plateaus have black soil good for growing _______. Answer:  cotton

12: What kind of soil are found in the lava plateaus? Answer:  black soil.

13: Define a plateau. Answer:  is a flat topped table land standing above the surrounding area.

14: Name the oldest plateau in India. Answer:  Deccan

15: Block Mountains are formed due to (a) vertical displacement. (b) lateral displacement. (c) horizontal displacement. (d) water displacement

Answer:  (a) vertical displacement.

16: What are glaciers? Answer:  Glaciers are the permanently frozen rivers of ice.

17: Name the plateau famous for gold and diamond mining. Answer:  African plateau

18: Why Plateaus are very useful? Answer:  Plateaus are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.

19: Name the highest waterfall in India. Answer:  Jog Fall

20: The most productive area for cultivation is the plain. True/False. Answer:  True

21: Name the place where Rope Bridge is situated. Answer:  Arunachal Pradesh.

22: A famous mountain range of Europe is the ______. Answer:  Alps.

23: Name the old fold mountain of Russia. Answer:  Ural

24: An elevated flat table topped land is called a ___________. Answer:  plateau.

25: Where is Mauna Kea situated? Answer:  Hawaii

26: Name the place where the Hundru falls on the river Subarnarekha is situated. Answer:  Chhotanagpur plateau.

27: Mountains are useful because they have a. rich mineral deposits. b. rich variety of flora and fauna. c. rich solar energy. d. ideal conditions for human habilitation.

Answer: (c) rich variety of flora and fauna.

28: Give a reason why less people live in the mountain region? Answer:  Because climate is harsh

29: Chhotanagpur plateau has a huge reserve of Gold. True/False Answer:  False

30: Name the river on which Hundru falls is located. Answer:  River Subarnarekha.

31: Flora means _______ kingdom. Answer:  Plants

32: Name the most popular sport in the mountains. Answer:  Skiing

33: Paragliding is a sport associated with _________. Answer:  Mountains

34: Why does less land is available for farming on mountains? Answer:  As slopes are steep on mountains, less land is available for farming.

35: Name the mountain range that has considerably worn down due to the processes of erosion Answer:  Aravali. 

36: Why we call mountains as storehouse of water? Answer:  Glaciers provides water

37: What do you mean by horst? Answer:  The uplifted block between two normal faults is known as horst.

38: What do you mean by graben? Answer:  The lowered block between two normal faults is known as graben.

39: What is erosion? Answer:  The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called erosion.

40: Name the most populated region of India. Answer:  Indo-Gangetic plain is the most populated region of India.

Short Answer Type Questions

1: Name some of the recreational activities common in coastal areas.

Answer:   Boating, water skiing, swimming, fishing, surfing, sun bathing and canoeing. In Kerala, snake boat races are held in connection with Onam, the harvest festival in August/September.

2: Which are the two processes that lead to formation and development of landforms?

Answer:   The two processes that lead to the formation of landforms are: 1. Internal Process: This process leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places. Example: block mountains  2. External Process: The external process is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface. Examples: Barchans

3: How are volcanic mountains formed? Give few example of volcanic mountain.

Answer:   Volcanic mountains are formed due to volcanic activity that is due to solidification of lava. Mt.Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of such mountains.

4: Differentiate between mountains and plateaus.

Answer:   We should do following practices: (1) We should not construct buildings on the fertile land. (2) We should not throw garbage on the land or in water and make them dirty. (3) We should avoid using important gifts of nature in a careless manner.

5: How are mountains useful to man?

Answer:   Deposition, also known as sedimentation, is the geological process whereby material is added to a landform. This is the process by which wind, water or ice transport previously eroded sediment, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited another geographical location.

6: How are plains formed?

Answer:  

7: What should we do to use the land and water properly?

Answer:   Plains are formed by the rivers. The rivers erode the slopes of mountains and carry forward the eroded material. They then deposit their load consisting of stones and sand along their courses and in valleys. In this way the plains are formed.

8: Write a short notes on deposition.

Answer:  The river plains are thickly populated due to following reasons:

• River plains are very fertile due to the presence of alluvial soil and thus proved to be very useful for agriculture
• Construction of transport network is easy
• Its climate is suitable for human habitation
• More flat land is available for building houses and cultivation

9: Why mountains are less populated?

Answer:  The mountains are thinly populated because

• Harsh climate is found in mountain area that is not suitable for people.
• The mountain slopes are steep making it difficult to construct buildings.
• Less land is available for farming.

10: What are the various uses of plateaus?

• They are rich in mineral deposits
• Most of the India’s mining area are located in plateau
• Plateau areas have plenty of waterfalls, scenic spots and are great attraction for tourist
• The lava plateaus are rich in black soil that is good and fertile for cultivation

11: Write the type of mountain of which following are examples of :

• The Black Forest: Block mountain
• The Nilgiris: Residual mountain
• The Fujiyama: Volcanic mountain

12: How do mountains change climate of a place?

Answer:   Mountainous areas have lower temperatures. They serve as climatic divide between two adjoining regions. The Himalaya for example forms a barrier to the movement of cold winds from Central Asia towards the Indian subcontinent. They also force the South West Monsoons to ascend and cause rainfall on their southern slopes.

13: Explain the two processes that lead to the formation and development of landforms.

Answer:   The two processes that lead to the formation of landforms are: 1. Internal Processes: These processes lead to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places. 2. External Processes: The external process is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.

14: Explain the formation of plains.

Long Answer Type Questions

1: How are Fold Mountains formed

Answer:   Lava plateaus are formed by highly fluid (runny) basaltic lava during numerous successive eruptions through numerous vents without violent explosions (quiet eruptions). These eruptions are quiet because of low viscosity of lava and contains small amount of trapped gases. Multiple successive and extensive lava flows cover the original landscape to eventually form a plateau, which may contain lava fields, cinder cones, shield volcanoes and other volcanic landform.

2: Write a short note on lava plateau.

3: Why the river plains are thickly populated?

Answer:  Mountains are very useful to man in the following ways:

• Mountains are storehouses of water.
• Many rivers have their source in the glaciers.
• Water from mountains is also used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
• Mountains have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
• Forests are found on mountains also.
• Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists.
• Several sports are popular in mountains.

4: How are Block Mountains formed?

Answer:   Block Mountains are formed when large areas of bedrock are widely broken up by faults creating large vertical displacements of continental crust. Vertical motion of the resulting blocks, sometimes accompanied by tilting, can then lead to high escarpments. These mountains are formed by the Earth’s crust being stretched and extended by tensional forces. Fault block mountains commonly accompany rifting, another indicator of tensional tectonic forces. The uplifted blocks are called block mountains or horsts. The intervening dropped blocks are termed as graben. These can be small or form extensive rift valley systems. This form of landscape can be seen in East Africa, the Vosges, the Basin and Range province of Western North America, in south-central New England and the Rhine valley. These areas often occur when the regional stress is extensional and the crust is thinned

5: Describe the features of a volcano.

Answer:   A volcano is an opening on the surface of the Earth from which magma, associated gases and ash erupt. Volcano has a magma chamber that is a huge bottomless pot of molten rock. The main channel through which magma moves towards the surface is the central vent. A crater sits at the top of a volcano and it is from here that much of the lava, gas, rock fragments and ash are ejected from. Volcanic cones are the result of eruptions that erupt are mostly small pieces of rocks that build up cone around the vent.

6: Explain about the settlement pattern seen on the mountains.

Answer:   Due to harsh climatic conditions, number of people living in mountain areas is less. Generally two types of housing pattern can be seen on mountains. One in which the houses are generally scattered mud houses with low roofs and have a lot of distance between houses. Second is clustered type, where all the houses are situated on a particular slope. The houses are generally wooden houses and may be joined wall to wall with each other.