importance of rizal law essay

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History of the rizal law: key provisions and significance, exploring the history of the rizal law and its important provisions.

As law enthusiast, I have always been fascinated by rich history Important Provisions of the Rizal Law. This landmark legislation has played a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape of the Philippines, and its impact continues to be felt to this day.

Let`s delve into the fascinating history of the Rizal Law and explore its important provisions in greater detail.

History Rizal Law

The Rizal Law, officially known as Republic Act No. 1425, was enacted on June 12, 1956. It was named in honor of the national hero of the Philippines, Jose Rizal, and aimed to promote his ideals and teachings among the Filipino youth.

One of the key provisions of the Rizal Law is the requirement for educational institutions to include in their curricula the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal. This ensures that students gain a deeper understanding of Rizal`s contributions to Philippine society and the principles he stood for.

Important Provisions of the Rizal Law

The Rizal Law mandates the inclusion of Rizal`s life, works, and writings in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities in the Philippines. This provision ensures that students across the country are exposed to Rizal`s ideas and legacy, fostering a sense of national pride and identity.

Furthermore, the Rizal Law emphasizes the importance of cultivating a strong sense of patriotism and nationalism among the Filipino youth. By studying Rizal`s exemplary life and enduring principles, students are inspired to contribute positively to the development and progress of their nation.

Case Studies and Statistics

Several case studies have demonstrated the impact of the Rizal Law on the educational system in the Philippines. In a study conducted by the Department of Education, it was found that schools that fully implemented the provisions of the Rizal Law saw a significant increase in students` awareness and appreciation of Rizal`s contributions to Philippine history and culture.

The Rizal Law stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of Jose Rizal and his vision for the Filipino people. Its important provisions continue to shape the minds and hearts of the youth, instilling in them a deep sense of national identity and pride. Through the study of Rizal`s life, works, and writings, the next generation of Filipinos will be empowered to uphold the values of freedom, justice, and equality that Rizal stood for.

Contract: Explaining the History and Important Provisions of the Rizal Law

This contract is entered into on this [date] by and between the undersigned parties.

The Rizal Law, officially known as Republic Act No. 1425, is a Philippine law that mandates the teaching of the life, works, and writings of national hero, Jose Rizal, in all public and private schools in the country. It was enacted on June 12, 1956, and has since been a significant component of the Philippine educational system.

Important Provisions

Section 1 of the Rizal Law states that all educational institutions in the Philippines are required to teach the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal, with the aim of inculcating in the minds of the youth a deep appreciation for the cultural, historical, and national values of their country. Failure to comply with this provision may result in the withdrawal of government recognition or subsidies for the institution.

Section 2 of the law designates June 19 of every year as “Rizal Day”, which shall be observed as a national holiday in honor of Jose Rizal. This provision serves to emphasize the importance of Rizal`s contributions to Philippine history and nationalism.

Termination

This contract may be terminated by either party with written notice to the other party. Upon termination, all obligations and responsibilities under this contract shall cease.

Applicable Law

This contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Republic of the Philippines.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned parties have executed this contract as of the date first above written.

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What is the Rizal Law? Description, Benefits, and Views

• Updated: December 12, 2023

Besides being the national hero of the Philippines, Dr. Jose Rizal was also known through time as the ‘First Filipino, ‘The Greatest Malayan’, and ‘Pride of the Malayan Race’, among others.

Many considered him a patriot , a genius, a master of all trades, a model brother, and an ideal son.

Active efforts to promote Rizalist values and culture are being made by the government, as well as Rizalist groups to encourage personal discipline, civic consciousness, and good moral character.

Republic Act 1425 – the Rizal Law – requires schools, colleges, and universities (both public and private), to include in their curricula the study of Rizal’s life and works, particularly his two novels:

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo , to instill into students the ideals of nationalism and freedom.

In this article, we discuss everything you need to know about the Rizal Law , and why it’s important for Filipinos to study their life and work.

Rizal Law Description

Republic Act 1425 – the Rizal Law – requires schools, colleges, and universities (both public and private), to include in their curricula the study of Rizal’s life and works, particularly his two novels: Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo .

Below is a full transcript of the Rizal Law.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425

AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL, PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO, AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history, there is a need for a re-dedication to the ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died;

WHEREAS, it is met that in honoring them, particularly the national hero and patriot, Jose Rizal, we remember with special fondness and devotion their lives and works that have shaped the national character;

WHEREAS, the life, works, and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring source of patriotism with which the minds of the youth, especially during their formative and decisive years in school, should be suffused;

WHEREAS all educational institutions are under the supervision of, and subject to regulation by the State, and all schools are enjoined to develop moral character, personal discipline, and civic conscience and to teach the duties of citizenship; Now, therefore,

Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novel Noli Me Tangereand El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges, and universities, public or private:

Provided, That in the collegiate courses, the original or unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as basic texts.

The Board of National Education is hereby authorized and directed to adopt forthwith measures to implement and carry out the provisions of this Section, including the writing and printing of appropriate primers, readers, and textbooks.

The Board shall, within sixty (60) days from the effectivity of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations, including those of a disciplinary nature, to carry out and enforce the provisions of this Act.

The Board shall promulgate rules and regulations providing for the exemption of students for reasons of religious belief stated in a sworn written statement, from the requirement of the provision contained in the second part of the first paragraph of this section; but not from taking the course provided for in the first part of said paragraph.

Said rules and regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days after their publication in the Official Gazette.

It shall be obligatory for all schools, colleges, and universities to keep in their libraries an adequate number of copies of the original and unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as of Rizal’s other works and biography.

The said unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their translations in English as well as other writings of Rizal shall be included in the list of approved books for required reading in all public or private schools, colleges, and universities.

The Board of National Education shall determine the adequacy of the number of books, depending upon the enrollment of the school, college, or university.

The Board of National Education shall cause the translation of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as other writings of Jose Rizal into English, Tagalog, and the principal Philippine dialects;

cause them to be printed in cheap, popular editions; and cause them to be distributed, free of charge, to persons desiring to read them, through the Purok organizations and Barrio Councils throughout the country.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed as an amendment or repealing section nine hundred twenty-seven of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the discussion of religious doctrines by public school teachers and other persons engaged in any public school.

The sum of three hundred thousand pesos is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any fund not otherwise appropriated in the National Treasury to carry out the purposes of this Act.

This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

Approved: June 12, 1956

Rizal Law Benefits: Why Study Rizal

So, why is it so important for Filipinos to study the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal? What benefits can you gain? What relevance does Rizal have in education?

The answer to such questions can be summed up in two points:

Because it is mandated by law.

The teaching of Dr. Jose Rizal’s life, writings, and works is mandated by Republic Act 1425, also known as the Rizal Law.

Senator Jose P. Laurel, the person who sponsored Republic Act 1425, said that since Rizal was the founder of Philippine nationalism and has contributed much to the current standing of this nation, it is only right that Filipinos know about and absorb the great ideals for which he died. 

The Rizal Law, enacted in 1956, seeks to accomplish the following goals:

• To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the Filipino character
• To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of nationalism and freedom , for which our heroes lived and died
• To gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the study of Rizal’s life, writings, and works.
• Because of the lessons contained within the course itself.

Aside from the abovementioned reasons, there are other benefits to teaching the Rizal course in Philippine schools:

• To recognize the importance of Dr. Jose Rizal’s teachings and ideals about present situations and conditions in society.
• To foster an appreciation and deeper understanding of everything that Rizal fought and died for.
• To encourage the understanding and application of such ideals amid today’s personal and societal issues and conditions.
• To foster the development of the Filipino youth in all facets of nationalism and citizenship.

Views and Opinions About Studying Rizal in School

Below are people’s views and opinions about studying Rizal in school.

“Knowing the life of our hero is knowledge on how to be Filipino!” – Anonymous

“Pagmamahal sa bayan habang naghahandang pumasok sa workplace ang layunin ng rizal course. Halos nawala na ang nasyonalismo sa maraming kabataan, o sa maraming mamamayang pilipino. Kaya may illegal logging, destructive mining, human trafficking, drug pushing, etc. Dahil halos nawala na ang malasakit sa bayan at sa mga kababayan, in the name of money and self-serving interests. Iginigising sa puso at isip ng mga kabataan ang diwa ni rizal na bagamat hindi perpekto bilang isang tao ay nagsakripisyo at nag-alay ng buhay alang alang sa kapakanan ng mas nakararami. Dapat ituloy ang kurso tungkol kay rizal at pag-aralan kung paano ito mapagiging mas epektibo.” – Nomee Canlas

“Suggestion ko lamang. Ipabili nalang yung libro about rizal, basahin at isapuso. Di na kailangan pang gawin itong scheduled classes, kung di naman related sa ating kurso. Nakakasayang lang ng oras. Tayo lahat ay isang bayani sa ating sariling paraan, pagtulong sa kapwa, panguunawa sa kapwa, at pagiging makabayan.” – Anonymous

“I still don’t see the need to have Rizal subject in College courses which are not related to Education and Arts. Much more today, due to the implementation of the K to-12 educational system. I’m an Accountancy major and I had enough of the guy from Filipino subjects from pre-school to high school. I don’t see how studying his biography would help me with my life after college. Knowing his life story won’t make me any more substantial person than those who don’t even have a clue who this man is. I don’t even admire the guy nor am I a fanatic of nationalism. It doesn’t make any sense to force someone to learn what he’s not interested in. Now, I’m stuck wasting so many hours memorizing names, dates, places, events, poems, and lines in roleplaying that won’t serve me any purpose other than passing the subject. Furthermore, the burden of compulsory buying these unnecessary books and costumes takes a toll financially. Those wasted hours and money might have been used for something else more useful like refining the technical skills that my time-consuming major already requires. All these would just make guys like me hate the national hero for making a semester of our college life into a hell hole without getting anything in return.” – Anonymous

“Learning about the life of Rizal is like learning about the lives of your parents. You may not be interested in the reason that it is an additional burden to your student life, but still, as someone who is born a Filipino it is a must to know about his life.” – A “Studying his life and works could promote patriotism and nationalism as well.” – AN

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Rizal Law in the Philippines: Its impact on education and nationalism

The Rizal Law mandates the study of José Rizal's works in Philippine schools, fostering nationalism and patriotism by integrating Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo into curricula, enhancing critical thinking and understanding of the country's independence struggle.

• Foundational nationalism : Republic Act 1425 (Rizal Law) mandates the study of José Rizal's life and works in all Philippine schools, aiming to instill patriotism and national identity among the youth. This law, enacted in 1956 , underscores Rizal's role as a national hero in shaping Filipino character and ideals of freedom.
• Curriculum integration : The law's requirement for the inclusion of Rizal's Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo in educational curricula fosters critical thinking and a deep understanding of the country's struggle for independence, enhancing nationalism and civic consciousness .
• Translation and accessibility : Mandating translations of Rizal's works into English , Tagalog , and other Philippine dialects ensures wide accessibility, preserving linguistic diversity and fostering a unified national identity across the country's diverse cultural landscape.
• Educational impact and national unity : By focusing on Rizal's life, works, and non-violent advocacy, the law promotes historical understanding, personal inspiration, and a commitment to national dignity and pride , crucial for building a cohesive society.
• Legal and cultural significance : The enactment of Rizal Law, amidst historical and religious controversies, represents a critical moment in the Philippine educational system, emphasizing the importance of education in shaping national identity and patriotism.
• Youth education and leadership : The law not only educates the youth about Rizal's legacy but also positions him as a role model for nationalism , love for country , and youth leadership , encouraging a new generation to advocate for freedom and independence through peaceful means.
• Comprehensive study and immersion : The law ensures that the study of Rizal's life and works is not merely cursory but an in-depth exploration that fosters an understanding of his principles and their relevance to contemporary challenges, thereby preserving cultural and national heritage.

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Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law (Its History and Important Provisions)

The Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law is comprehensively discussed in this free lecture. It also provides “Republic Act 1425 explanation” as it explains the history of the Rizal Law and its important provisions.

Professorial lecturer emeritus and book author Jensen DG. Mañebog , in one of his History lectures, focuses on this so-called “ Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law .” The following is how he discusses the topic:

You may watch the short educational video or continue reading. Note : To have a FULL ACCESS to the video, SUBSCRIBE first (if you have not subscribed yet):

Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law

Professor Jensen DG. Mañebog states that the Rizal Bill was as controversial as Jose Rizal himself. The mandatory Rizal subject in the Philippines was the upshot of this bill which later became a law in 1956 (the Republic Act no. 1425 Rizal Law ).

The Rizal Bill involves requiring educational institutions in the country to offer a course on the hero’s life, works, and writings, especially the ‘ Noli Me Tangere ’ and ‘ El Filibusterismo ’. (Related: The Synopsis and Spirit of Noli Me Tangere and The Synopsis and Theme of Jose Rizal’s El Filibusterismo )

Read: Jose Rizal: The First Filipino Phenom  

However, the transition from being a bill to becoming a republic act was not easy as the proposal was met with intense opposition particularly from the Catholic Church.

The then senator Claro M. Recto —the main proponent of the Rizal Bill —was even dubbed as a communist and an anti-Catholic principally because of the issue. Catholic schools threatened to stop operation if the bill was passed, though Recto calmly countered the threat, stating that if that happened, then the schools would be nationalized.

Even when threatened afterward to be punished in future elections, Recto remained undeterred.

As regards the suggestion to use instead the expurgated (edited) version of Rizal’s novels as mandatory readings, Recto explained his firm support for the unexpurgated version, exclaiming:

“The people who would eliminate the books of Rizal from the schools would blot out from our minds the memory of the national hero. This is not a fight against Recto but a fight against Rizal.” (Ocampo, 2012, p. 23)

Read: Jose Rizal’s Collaborations with Other Heroes  

Republic Act 1425

In the end, the bill was nonetheless passed, but with a clause that would allow exemptions to students who think that reading the Noli and Fili would ruin their faith.

In other words, one can apply to the Department of Education for exemption from reading Rizal’s novels—though not from taking the Rizal subject. The bill was enacted on June 12, 1956.

Read: The Interesting Tales of the Jose Rizal Family  

The Rizal Bill became the Republic Act No. 1425 , known as the ‘ Rizal Law’ . The full name of the law is “An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses on the Life, Works and Writings ofJose Rizal, Particularly His NovelsNoli Me TangereandEl Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes.”

Republic Act 1425 explanation

The Rizal Law’s first section concerns mandating the students to read Rizal’s novels. The last two sections involve making Rizal’s writings accessible to the general public—they require the schools to have a sufficient number of copies in their libraries and mandate the publication of the works in major Philippine languages.

Jose P. Laurel , then senator who co-wrote the law, explained that since Jose Rizal was the founder of the country’s nationalism and had significantly contributed to the current condition of the nation, it is only right that Filipinos, especially the youth, know about and learn to imbibe the great ideals for which the hero died.

Accordingly, the Rizal Law aims to accomplish the following goals:

1. To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom and nationalism, for which our heroes lived and died

2. To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the Filipino character

3. To gain an inspiring source of patriotism through the study of Rizal’s life, works, and writings.

No student has yet officially applied for exemption from reading Rizal’s novels thus far.

Relatedly, former President Fidel V. Ramos in 1994, through Memorandum Order No. 247, directed the Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports and the Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education to fully implement the RA 1425 as there had been reports that the law had still not been totally carried out.

In 1995, CHED Memorandum No. 3 was issued enforcing strict compliance to Memorandum Order No. 247.

Another Rizal Law

Not known to many, there is another republic act that concerns the national hero.

Read: The Colorful Love Affairs of Dr. Jose Rizal  

Republic Act No. 229 is an act prohibiting cockfighting, horse racing, and jai-alai on the thirtieth day of December of each year. It also mandates creating a committee to take charge of the proper celebration of Rizal day in every municipality and chartered city, and for other purposes.

The Importance of Studying Rizal: Why Study the Life and Works of Rizal?

So Why study the life and works of Rizal? The academic subject on the life, works, and writings of Jose Rizal was not mandated by law for nothing.

The Jose Rizal subject is far from being impractical. The course interestingly offers many benefits that some contemporary academicians declare that the subject, especially when taught properly, is more beneficial than many subjects in various curricula. For proofs and explanations, read: The Importance of the Jose Rizal Subject

SA MGA MAG-AARAL: Maaaring ilagay ang inyong assignment/comment dito sa comment section ng Republic Act 1425 Rizal Law (Its History and Important Provisions)

*If you want to know more about Rizal or history (e.g. Rizal’s parents), search here:

Assignment/Activity:

1. Explain the history of the Rizal law and its important provisions

2. Critically assess the effectiveness of the Rizal Course

Copyright © by MyInfoBasket.com &  Jensen DG. Mañebog

Note : Teachers may share this as a reading assignment of their students. For other free lectures like this (especially for students), visit Homepage: The Life and Works of Jose Rizal

Related: The Colorful Love Affairs of Dr. Jose Rizal  

Free Lectures for The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Subject

Jose Rizal Family Tree: The Ancestry of the Hero

Jose Rizal’s Love for Francisco Mercado Rizal, His Father

Jose Rizal’s Love for Teodora Alonzo, His Mother

Jose Rizal’s Siblings: How His Brother and Sisters Affected the Life of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal’s Parents: How Don Francisco Mercado and Doña Teodora Alonso made him a hero

Jose Rizal: Tagalog Biography of the Bayaning Pilipino

Jose Rizal: Short Biography of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal’s Birthday: Date, Significance and Historicity

Jose Rizal: On the Full Name of the Filipino Hero

Jose Rizal height: A discussion on how tall (or short) our hero was

The Story of the Moth, Jose Rizal, and his Mother

The Synopsis and Spirit of Noli Me Tangere

The Synopsis and Theme of Jose Rizal’s El Filibusterismo

Maria Clara in Noli Me Tangere: Her Fate and Symbolism

Jose Rizal’s Last 25 Hours: Eventful, Dramatic, Historic

Why study the life and works of Rizal?

The Importance of the Jose Rizal Subject

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Significance Of Rizal Law For Students – Free Essay Examples

Significance of rizal law in the life of students.

RIZAL LAW – In this article, we are going to discuss the significance of Rizal Law, especially in the daily lives of students.

But before this, we need to identify what exactly is Rizal Law and how it came to be. Rizal law was first introduced in 1956. The goal of this law was to educate students regarding the ideals of freedom and nationalism through the Philippines national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal.

Because of Rizal Law, students are given the opportunity to learn about the heroes of the Philippines. Furthermore, it also gives the students a glimpse of what the “ideal Filipino” is.

Although, this has caused debate until today. For some, Rizal was merely called the national hero because of his pacificist nature. Additionally, the Americans didn’t want the Filipinos to look up to heroes such as Bonifacio for his more aggressive take to freedom.

So, why do students need to learn about the life of Jose Rizal?

There are several lessons we can pick apart if we read about the life of Jose Rizal. More than anything else, Rizal valued his country, his countrymen, and his morals. So much so that he was willing to die for his country.

With this in mind, here are some of the things students can learn from Rizal:

• Rizal became the epitome of a proper Filipino that emobies the spirit of Freedom and willingness to sacrficice.
• Fighting injustice is necessary
• We need to focus on our goals
• Separate Personal Life from Work
• Use your time to the fullest

Rizal died on December 30, 1896, at the young age of 35. However, even in death his ideals and aspirations for his country lived on. He inspired millions of Filipinos to fight for freedom and he put up a mirror to the injustices of his countrymen’s oppressors.

Thanks for reading. We aim to provide our readers with the freshest and most in-demand content. Come back next time for the latest news here on Newspapers.ph.

READ ALSO: Simbolo Ng Kabanata 3 Ng El Filibusterismo, Gintong Aral, At Moral Nito

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THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY IN LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

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Amiel Divinagracia

Althea Hannah D . Deloso

Jose Rizal, a pivotal figure in Philippine history, emerges as a symbol of enlightenment, resilience, and national identity. Born in 1861 during Spanish colonial rule, Rizal became a versatile nationalist and reformist, advocating for Philippine independence through his writings. "The First Filipino" by Leon Ma. Guerrero, a 1963 biography, offers a comprehensive exploration of Rizal's life, highlighting his influence on Philippine history and the ongoing struggle for freedom. This abstract delves into Rizal's childhood and education, revealing the significant impact of his family and the colonial environment on his intellectual growth. It explores his conflicts within the oppressive educational system in the Philippines and his decision to pursue foreign education in Spain, where he developed a profound understanding of colonialism's destructive nature. The abstract further examines Rizal's role in fostering nationalist expression through his novels, acting as powerful tools for social change and inspiring a generation of reformists and revolutionaries. Rizal's strategic opposition to Spanish colonialism, emphasizing nonviolent tactics and intellectual resistance, is explored, highlighting his role in founding the Liga Filipina and his subsequent exile to Dapitan. Jose Rizal's lasting legacy and significance in Philippine history are discussed, emphasizing his influence on succeeding generations and the global resonance of his views on justice and human rights. His life, works, and sacrifices continue to inspire the fight for justice, liberty, and patriotism, making him a revered national hero in the Philippines. The abstract concludes by acknowledging Rizal's enduring impact and his place in the rich tapestry of Philippine history.

Rei ezekiel Buhain

I believed that to start any literary piece, just like the one I am creating right now was to capture what the author (I) wanted to portray to his/her reader by simply incorporating a limited number of words that reflected the entire piece. In this case, the student to his instructor.

Clement Bautista

Jose Rizal exists as a well-documented, historic figure and a mythical icon. From this duality, reading Rizal's works pose certain interpretational challenges even beyond any translation issues. Other facets of Rizal's historic and mythic duality are the legacies it has engendered, in particular, the international Order of the Knights of Rizal. The global extension of the Order beyond the Philippines presents certain challenges in setting and perpetuating its meaning and relevance which, like reading a text, results in a dialogue between something fixed and something in flux.

Emman Ray Rodriguez

Hannmae Concepcion

Edward A . Despabiladeras

Juan Ma. Guerrero's "The First Filipino" delves into the life, struggles, and enduring legacy of Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines. This comprehensive critical paper, exceeding 2500 words, meticulously unravels Rizal's journey from an elite reformist to a fervent nationalist. Guerrero's narrative navigates through Rizal's formative years, education, and experiences abroad, offering a nuanced exploration of the complexities surrounding his identity, privilege, and commitment to justice. The paper examines Rizal's pivotal role in challenging Spanish colonialism through his literary masterpieces, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo." Guerrero's work extends beyond a conventional biography, becoming a reflective mirror that prompts contemporary Filipinos to question inherited narratives and actively participate in shaping a society founded on principles of equality, justice, and authentic freedom.

Atamosa Harly

A Critical Exploration of Jose Rizal's Life and Legacy

Arnel Perez

This teaching documents summarizes the historical life of Dr. Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonzo References Text Book/ Book: Anderson, Benedict (2008). Why Counting Counts: A Study of Forms of Consciousness and Problems of Language in Noli Me Tangere and ElFilibusterismo. Ateneo de Manila Press, Quezon City, Phillipines Bantug, Asuncion L. (2008) Lolo Jose. An intimate and illustrated portrait of Jose Rizal, 2nd ed. Vibal Publishing House, Inc. Balazo, I., Dominguez, L., Nakpil, L., & Animosa, I. (2009). Noli me tangere. 10th edition. Abiva Publishing House, Inc. Capino, D. G., Gonzales, M. A., & Pineda, F. E. (2003) Rizal’s life, works, and writings: Their impact on our national identity. JMC Press, Inc. Castaneda, S., Ornos, P., San Felipe, V., et al. (2007). Jose Rizal. The Martyr and National Hero. Mutya Publishing House, Inc. De Viana, Augusto V., Cabrera, Helena Ma. F., Samala, Emelita P., De Vera, Myrna M., & Atututbo, Janet C. (2018). Jose Rizal: Social reformer and patriot. A study of his life and times. Rex Book Store, Inc. P. Florentino St., Sta. Mesa Heights, Quezon City, Philippines Espinoza, T., De Guzman, J., & Odulio, F. (1999). El filibusterismo. Aklat Ani Publishing and Educational Trading Center Fadul, J. A. (2008). A workbook for a course in Rizal. 2nd ed. expanded. C & E Publishing, Inc. Rizal, J. (1962) Historical events of the Philippines Islands by Dr. Antonio de Morga, published in Mexico in 1609, recently brought to light and annotated by Jose Rizal, preceded by a prologue by Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt. Manila: Jose Rizal National Centennial Commission. Sta. Maria, F.P., (1996). Jose Rizal. In Excelsis. Studio 5 Design, Inc. Zaide, G. F. & Zaide, S. M. (2008). Jose Rizal: Life, works and writings of a genius, writer, scientist, and national hero. ALL-NATIONS Publishing Co., Inc.

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Do we really know Rizal? Rizal law ineffective

In the wake of the controversy over a bill seeking to integrate a course on the life of Andres Bonifacio in the college curriculum, a reassessment of the Rizal law and its effect on our educational system is called for.

The Rizal law has come a long way. After Republic Act No. 1425 aimed at including a study of the life and works of Jose Rizal in the curricula of  public and private schools was approved by President Ramon Magsaysay on June 12, 1956, teaching Rizal has been mandatory in our school system.

Fifty-five years have passed. Now we live in a world dominated by cyber technology and scientific breakthroughs, revolution, terrorism, environmental crisis and natural catastrophes, a world of Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber, the X Factor and MTVs. Do we really still know Rizal?

Do we understand what he wanted for the country? Do we still remember why he was a hero?

Rizal’s death anniversary today was declared a national holiday to give Filipinos time to recall his achievements and contributions to the nation. Commemorative rites take place at his monument in Rizal Park and other parts of the country, even abroad.

Law ineffective

The Rizal law was made so that the Filipinos, especially the youth, will not forget him.  But the question remains, why should we not forget him?

The teaching of the Rizal course in the classroom is intended to awaken the sense of patriotism and nationalism in every Filipino youth and push them to apply the principles bequeathed by Rizal as solutions to present day problems.

Sadly, the years have shown that the Rizal law has not been effective.

Nowadays, when a Filipino is asked what she/he knows about Rizal, chances are she/he would say that Rizal is the image on the one-peso coin, or that he was the one shot in Luneta.

Knowledge of Rizal has been limited to knowing the streets named after him, or to the characters in his novel.

Deeper understanding of Rizal has been blocked by our interest in such things as the Internet. Some of us know Rizal only by name. And not knowing him, we have become what Rizal fought against all his life. We have become indifferent.

Scratching the surface

How have we come to this?

In school we only get the basic information about him. We get to read his novels and poems and learn of the places he visited and even the women who became part of his life. But we have ended up not knowing what he really stood for. We even wear shirts bearing his image but we do not go deeper in understanding him.

Some college students who take up technical courses, such as engineering or medicine, even question the relevance of the Rizal subject to their careers; they insist that the subject is just a waste of time and money.

Jose Rizal and the Rizal law are part of our history. Rizal the Filipino and Rizal the course both have a reason and purpose for us.

Rizal stood as one of the great men produced by the Malay race. His peaceful means of reform made him Asia’s first modern nonviolent proponent of political reforms. The Rizal law is an avenue for the youth to understand Rizal’s vision. The law aims to put Rizal closer to our hearts.

Why heroes exist

Strengthening not only the Rizal course but the subject of Philippine history is important. We will not only be inspired by Rizal but also by other heroes like Andres Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini, Emilio Jacinto and Marcelo H. del Pilar who, like Rizal, exemplified the virtues of honesty, integrity, peace based on justice and patriotism.

Filipinos are capable of achieving great things in life and, like our heroes, we can excel in our ways.

But the most important thing is to know the reason why heroes exist, why there is a need for them. Studying Heroism 101 is to look beyond heroes’ lives, far into the social circumstances or problems that created them and which heroes are supposed to solve.

If the problems still exist today, then it is our turn to become heroes, too.

Bantug, Asuncion Lopez. Lolo Jose An Intimate and Illustrated Portrait of Jose Rizal. Manila, Vibal Foundation and Intramuros Administration, 2008.

Guerrero, Leon. First Filipino A Biography of Jose Rizal. Manila, National Historical Institute. 2008.

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