reported speech 10th class

• English Grammar
• Reported Speech

Reported Speech - Definition, Rules and Usage with Examples

Reported speech or indirect speech is the form of speech used to convey what was said by someone at some point of time. This article will help you with all that you need to know about reported speech, its meaning, definition, how and when to use them along with examples. Furthermore, try out the practice questions given to check how far you have understood the topic.

Table of Contents

Definition of reported speech, rules to be followed when using reported speech, table 1 – change of pronouns, table 2 – change of adverbs of place and adverbs of time, table 3 – change of tense, table 4 – change of modal verbs, tips to practise reported speech, examples of reported speech, check your understanding of reported speech, frequently asked questions on reported speech in english, what is reported speech.

Reported speech is the form in which one can convey a message said by oneself or someone else, mostly in the past. It can also be said to be the third person view of what someone has said. In this form of speech, you need not use quotation marks as you are not quoting the exact words spoken by the speaker, but just conveying the message.

Now, take a look at the following dictionary definitions for a clearer idea of what it is.

Reported speech, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “a report of what somebody has said that does not use their exact words.” The Collins Dictionary defines reported speech as “speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the person’s actual words.” According to the Cambridge Dictionary, reported speech is defined as “the act of reporting something that was said, but not using exactly the same words.” The Macmillan Dictionary defines reported speech as “the words that you use to report what someone else has said.”

Reported speech is a little different from direct speech . As it has been discussed already, reported speech is used to tell what someone said and does not use the exact words of the speaker. Take a look at the following rules so that you can make use of reported speech effectively.

• The first thing you have to keep in mind is that you need not use any quotation marks as you are not using the exact words of the speaker.
• You can use the following formula to construct a sentence in the reported speech.
• You can use verbs like said, asked, requested, ordered, complained, exclaimed, screamed, told, etc. If you are just reporting a declarative sentence , you can use verbs like told, said, etc. followed by ‘that’ and end the sentence with a full stop . When you are reporting interrogative sentences, you can use the verbs – enquired, inquired, asked, etc. and remove the question mark . In case you are reporting imperative sentences , you can use verbs like requested, commanded, pleaded, ordered, etc. If you are reporting exclamatory sentences , you can use the verb exclaimed and remove the exclamation mark . Remember that the structure of the sentences also changes accordingly.
• Furthermore, keep in mind that the sentence structure , tense , pronouns , modal verbs , some specific adverbs of place and adverbs of time change when a sentence is transformed into indirect/reported speech.

Transforming Direct Speech into Reported Speech

As discussed earlier, when transforming a sentence from direct speech into reported speech, you will have to change the pronouns, tense and adverbs of time and place used by the speaker. Let us look at the following tables to see how they work.

Here are some tips you can follow to become a pro in using reported speech.

• Select a play, a drama or a short story with dialogues and try transforming the sentences in direct speech into reported speech.
• Write about an incident or speak about a day in your life using reported speech.
• Develop a story by following prompts or on your own using reported speech.

Given below are a few examples to show you how reported speech can be written. Check them out.

• Santana said that she would be auditioning for the lead role in Funny Girl.
• Blaine requested us to help him with the algebraic equations.
• Karishma asked me if I knew where her car keys were.
• The judges announced that the Warblers were the winners of the annual acapella competition.
• Binsha assured that she would reach Bangalore by 8 p.m.
• Kumar said that he had gone to the doctor the previous day.
• Lakshmi asked Teena if she would accompany her to the railway station.
• Jibin told me that he would help me out after lunch.
• The police ordered everyone to leave from the bus stop immediately.
• Rahul said that he was drawing a caricature.

Transform the following sentences into reported speech by making the necessary changes.

1. Rachel said, “I have an interview tomorrow.”

2. Mahesh said, “What is he doing?”

3. Sherly said, “My daughter is playing the lead role in the skit.”

4. Dinesh said, “It is a wonderful movie!”

5. Suresh said, “My son is getting married next month.”

6. Preetha said, “Can you please help me with the invitations?”

7. Anna said, “I look forward to meeting you.”

8. The teacher said, “Make sure you complete the homework before tomorrow.”

9. Sylvester said, “I am not going to cry anymore.”

10. Jade said, “My sister is moving to Los Angeles.”

Now, find out if you have answered all of them correctly.

1. Rachel said that she had an interview the next day.

2. Mahesh asked what he was doing.

3. Sherly said that her daughter was playing the lead role in the skit.

4. Dinesh exclaimed that it was a wonderful movie.

5. Suresh said that his son was getting married the following month.

6. Preetha asked if I could help her with the invitations.

7. Anna said that she looked forward to meeting me.

8. The teacher told us to make sure we completed the homework before the next day.

9. Sylvester said that he was not going to cry anymore.

10. Jade said that his sister was moving to Los Angeles.

What is reported speech?

What is the definition of reported speech.

Reported speech, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “a report of what somebody has said that does not use their exact words.” The Collins Dictionary defines reported speech as “speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the person’s actual words.” According to the Cambridge Dictionary, reported speech is defined as “the act of reporting something that was said, but not using exactly the same words.” The Macmillan Dictionary defines reported speech as “the words that you use to report what someone else has said.”

What is the formula of reported speech?

You can use the following formula to construct a sentence in the reported speech. Subject said that (report whatever the speaker said)

Give some examples of reported speech.

Given below are a few examples to show you how reported speech can be written.

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Request OTP on Voice Call

Post My Comment

Register with BYJU'S & Download Free PDFs

Register with byju's & watch live videos.

• NCERT Books Class 10
• NCERT Solutions Class 10
• NCERT Books Class 9
• NCERT Solutions Class 9
• NCERT Books Class 8
• NCERT Solutions Class 8
• NCERT Books Class 7
• NCERT Solutions Class 7
• NCERT Books Class 6
• NCERT Solutions Class 6

Reported Speech

• Home  
• NCERT Options  
• 10th Class  
• English Grammar
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-13-Reported-Speech

  Chapters

• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-1-Determiners
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-2-Tenses
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-3-Subject-Verb
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-4-Non-Finites-Infinitives
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-6-Connectors
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-7-Conditionals
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-8-Comparison
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-9-Avoiding-Repetition
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-10-Nominalisation
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-11-Modals-Expressing-Attitudes
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-12-Active-and-Passive
• cbse-ncert-10th-class-Chapter-14-Prepositions

  Share

• Text Book Solutions

Important Question

Question Papers / Notes Download

CBSE Class 10 English Workbook Solutions Unit 13 Reported Speech

Questiona.1. read and enjoy the following article.

The Road to English (Adapted from an article by Arishban Bagchi (Hindu college) [The Hindustan Times, 4 October 1996]

• The great question, after you have failed to put yourself in an engineering or medical college in contemporary Indian society, is whether youll ever find a job
• "Oh ! He showed such promise during his early days," says the sister of the neighbour of your aunt in Timbuctoo. "Now look at my Bittoo," she goes on. "In spite of being so brilliant and all, he could only barely manage a grade A+ at MIT, and then he only just managed a well-paid job. How difficult getting jobs must be."
• The next line reads, "I wonder how your son will find a job, being a non-engineer, and that too in India."
• Your fathers friend, a prosperous doctor, decides to come visiting. Quite predictably, his first question on seeing you is the inevitable, "Why in heavens name did you not qualify in the pre-medical test ? Followed by the equally inevitable, "Now what are you going to do
• He raves on about his nephew who has just gone to the UK for his FRCS, and his daughter who has just completed her MBBS from AIIMS with top results, and what exciting prospects they have
• Your father into whose eyes you havent dared to look for quite some time, speaks up. "I have lost all hope for him. However, educating him is my duty and I wont shirk from it."
• Someone speaks up. "Let him go to college to study Physics or Chemistry." Everyone sits in silence. You cannot help feeling a little proud. At length, someone plucks up the courage: "Its quite impossible to educate him any further. Youngsters these days never seem to listen to what we have to say."
• "I will study English Literature," you say, dropping a bombshell, fearless of the consequences. Amazingly, it works. The crowd hurries to disperse. You are so relieved to see their backs that you dont care. Thankfully, your parents voice no objection, remembering, perhaps, that you did manage to score highly in English in your Board exams
• So you finally take English literature as your subject of study

QuestionA. 2. Work in pairs and list the speakers in the passage you have just read?

• The author (Arishban Bagchi)
• Bittoos mother
• Bittoos father
• Still working in pairs, answer the following
• Is "Now look at my Bittoo", said by the same person as the extract in 1 above ? (Yes/No) How do you know
• In paragraph 4, who says "Now what are you going to do ?" What words help you to know
• ln paragraph 5, who is the speaker ? ____________ Discues and work out what must have been his exact words. Then write them below. (To be discussed as desired)
• Underline the verb which tells you how the person must have said this. [Hint: Try to work out the meaning of this verb.]
• How many of the nine paragraphs in the passage are reporting what someone has said
• How many paragraphs include the exact words of the various speakers (direct speech)
• How many paragraphs have reported themindirectly (indirect speech)
• What is your conclusion about how writers report what someone says or has said in a newspaper article such as this
• Yes . It has been put ininverted commas
• Yes .she goes on indicates it
• Fathers friend, a prosperous doctor. "Look at my nephew who has just gone to the UK for his FRCS, and my daughter who has just completed her MBBS from AIIMS with top results. What exciting results they have !"
• The verb to be underlined is -raves Meaning = talks furiously and wildly
• In a newspaper article, the writers report some very important words in direct speech ie, as they are spoken. They report some in indirect speech adding the words from their own side to exactly report the underlining emotions, feelings, moods or manners

B. Reporting Verbs

Questionb. 1. a reporting verb is used in both direct and indirect (reported) speech. the reporting verb usually adds to the meaning of each sentence for instance, it may show the speakers mood (e.g. agreed), purpose (e.g. asked), manner of speaker (e.g. shouted). an example is : the tourist complained that the hotel was hot and noisy. in this sentence, the reporting wordcomplained shows that the tourist was clearly unhappy about the arrangements. now work in groups of four. read the following sentences carefully, and circle the reporting verbs. then discuss and write the ways in which each reporting verb adds to the meaning of its arrangement.

• "When I was in school, I used to skip a few classes, especially Moral Science because of the bookish manner in which it was treated," confessed the retired IAS Officer
• Sauravs friends protested that he should have been included in the school badminton team, on the basis of his fine performance in the inter-house matches
• "Make a circle, make a circle !" Mira shouted, firmly pulling and pushing the children till a kind of vague circle was formed
• The music teacher warned the children against getting carried away and getting out of tune
• "Father, you must tell me what you meant exactly when you said that I was the same as every other teenager," Varun insisted
• "Oh God ! She is coming again," the children whispered to each other, when they saw Mrs Sharma striding towards their classroom for the third time that day
• Confessed to be circled is the reporting verb used in the sentence. It reveals the mood of the speaker as he admits his weakness of skipping the class which was contrary to rules
• protested is to be circled in the reporting verb used in the sentence. The verb shows Sauravs friends mood
• shouted is to be circled in the reporting verb in the sentence. Shouted shows Miras mood ie, irritable manner
• warned is to be circled in the reporting verb in the sentence
• insisted is to be circled in the reporting verb in the sentence
• whispered is to be circled in the reporting verb in the sentence. This verb shows childrens tone and manner i.e. afraid and disliking

QuestionB. 2. The exact words of the Prime Minister : "I shall lead this great country on the path of peace and prosperity. Not only that, but I assure you that I will lower taxes and do everything in my power to reduce inflation." [Situation : A newsreader reports the words of the Prime Minister on the radio.] "The new prime Minister said that he would lead the country on the path of peace and prosperity. He also promised to lower taxes and reduce inflation." Working in pairs, note the changes the newsreader made while reporting the PMs speech?

Now do the same with this situation. The following is a conversation that took place between Neeta and Shobhna (in the presence of Shohhnas mother) last week

Answer: Situation. Mrs Bhattacharya reports this to her husband. Now report Mrs Bhattacharyas words. Remember : You can decide whether to use direct or indirect speech forms

Answer: When two boys were making a loud noise, (Mrs Bhattacharya) I asked them where they lived. I advised them not to make such a noise. Then I warned them to be careful as if they did it again, I would have to complain to the police. Work with your partner. Read the following. Decide on a likely situation in which what was said has been repeated. Then use your imagination and recreate the original ("direct") speech. Everyone at the hospital looked after me very well. As soon as I arrived, a nurse asked me how I felt. Then she asked me where I lived and whether she could contact my parents. I explained that you were out today, so she couldnt contact you. After that she asked me how that accident had happened and I said I didnt know

Answer: Situation. A boy telling his parents about an accident he had met that day, and how he was treated in the hospital. Direct speech (in dialogue form)

• Nurse : How do you feel
• Boy : i am feeling nervous
• Nurse : Where do you live ? Can I contact your parents
• Boy : i live in Model Town. You cant contact my parents because they are out today
• Nurse : Do you know how this accident happened
• Boy : i dont know anything about it

C. Practising Reported Speech

Questionc.1. statements : rewrite the following in reported speech .

• Sheela to Rashmi: "You can come and stay at my place if youre ever in Delhi"
• Anand to Renu : "I dont know what Gayathri is doing these days. She hasnt visited us for ages"
• Teacher to Students : "We shall go on a field trip to study water pollution"
• Sheela told Rashmi that she could come and stay at her place if she was ever in Delhi
• Anand told Renu that he didnt know what Gayathri was doing those days as she had not visited them for ages
• The teacher informed the students that they would go on a field trip to study water pollution

QuestionC.2. Questions in indirect speech?

• He said, "Who has moved into the neighbouring house
• He said, "What have you bought for Deepawali
• He said to me, "Why didnt you wear your new dress for the party
• "Is anyone there ?" he asked
• "Shall I wait for the doctor or come again tomorrow ?" she asked the receptionist
• He asked who had moved into the neighbouring house
• He asked her what she had bought for Deepawali
• He asked me why I had not worn my new dress for the party
• He enquired if anyone was there
• She asked the receptionist if she would wait for the doctor or come again the following day

Points to Remember

• If the direct question begins with a question word (when, where, who, how, why, what etc), the question word is repeated
• Tenses, pronouns, possessive adjectives and adverbs of time and place change as in statements
• The interrogative form of the verb changes to the affirmative form. The question mark (?) is therefore replaced by a full stop
• He said, "Where does she live
• He asked where she lived.
• If the introductory verb issay, it must be changed to a verb of inquiry, e.g. ask, inquire, wonder, want to know etc
• If the direct question does not have a question word,if orwhether must be used.

QuestionC.3. Commands, requests and advice in indirect speech : Rewrite the following in indirect speech ?

• The General said," Move the tanks to the battlefield immediately."
• "Dont drive too fast", the instructor said to me
• "If I were you, Id buy that property immediately", the agent said to Anwar
• "Why dont you change into something more comfortable ?" he said to his guest
• "Go on, taste it", said the cook to the guest
• You will notice that direct commands, requests and advice are usually expressed by a suitable reporting verb in indirect speech (Refer Section B)
• The General ordered to move the tanks to the battlefield immediately
• The instructor warned me not to drive too fast
• The agent told Anwar that if he were him, he would buy that property immediately
• He asked his guest why he didnt change into something more comfortable
• The cook urged the guest to taste it (the dish)

QuestionC.4. Lets, let him etc?

• He said, "Lets have our lunch before starting the journey". He suggested that they should have their lunch before starting the journey

QuestionC.6. Change the following into indirect speech. Change tense and time expressions only when necessary. You may use a variety of reporting verbs from the box below?

• "Human nature changes," sighed the old man
• "Well win the match next week." said Vasu optimistically, (reporting just after he said it)
• "I saw him with Akanksha yesterday," she whispered
• "Sanjay, Im sorry we didnt visit you in Bombay (now Mumbai) last week," Arun said (reporting immediately after he said it)
• "This rice tastes awful," he muttered
• "Would you like to come to the party with us tomorrow, Gopa ?" Sushila asked, (reporting later in the week.)
• "Please, Ma, please," they begged. "Well play on the veranda and porch. We wont take a step off the veranda." (reporting immediately after)
• "Dont be a fool," Raghu said roughly, pushing him aside. Even Mira said, "Stop howling, Ravi. If you want to play, you can stand at the end of the line," and she put him there very firmly. (reporting immediately after)
• The old man exclaimed that human nature changes
• Vasu assured that they would win the match next week
• She confided that she had seen him with Akanksha the previous day or the day before
• Arun apologised to Sanjay saying that they hadnt visited him in Bombay last week
• He complained that that rice tasted awful
• Sushila asked Gopa if she would like to go to the party with them the next day
• They pleaded their mother to let them play on the veranda and porch assuring her that they wont take a step off the veranda
• Pushing him aside, Raghu warned Ravi not to be a fool. Even Mira scolded him to stop howling and putting him there very firmly she advised him to stand at the end of the line if he wanted to play

QuestionC.7. Correct the errors in the following sentences. Write out the correct sentence in the space provided?

• The nurse enquired how I am
• He said he live in Connaught Circus
• They asked when I have arrived
• The taxi driver asked where I want to go
• I warn Sanjay to be careful while crossing the road
• Rohit couldnt understand where all the children are gone
• The nurse enquired how I was.
• He said that he lived at Connaught (Place) Circus
• They asked when I had arrived.
• The taxi driver asked where I wanted to go.
• I warned Sanjay to be careful while crossing the road
• Rohit couldnt understand where all the children were gone

QuestionC.8. You said that .... Look at the horoscope page from a newspaper. Find your zodiac sign. Imagine that you have come to the end of the week and nothing has happened, according to the horoscope. Write a letter of complaint to Madam Kiran. Report what Madam Kiran said would happen and then describe what actually happened. You may wish to write something similar to the letter in the example below. Dear Madam Kiran, I am writing to complain about your horoscope prediction for Virgo last week. Firstly, you said that my relationships would be successful. In fact I had terrible squabbles with my mother and with no fewer than three different friends. You assured me that there would be a new admirer in my life who would make me feel confident about my future. Well, I have a new admirer but he is making my life a misery for me ...?

Answer: I requested for his help in a friendly manner. But, he took it otherwise. This has added to my worry. Now I am in a fix what to do. Secondly, you said that I would enjoy a new closeness or affinity with my husband. But he is still his old self. He is still indifferent and detached. I saw some silver lining in your prediction. But alas ! this has proved all wrong. Thirdly, your prediction about the money matters proved totally wrong. On the contrary, I have been given an increment in my salary. Also, my husband has been promoted with a big raise in his salary. I regret that your horoscope predictions for Virgo proved wrong in my case. Yours Pragya Verma

D. Reported Speech - Summary

Questiond.1. read the following extract from oliver twist, a novel by charles dickens. "where is my little brother " cried nancy, when she reached the police station. "there are no little boys here, madam," answered an officer. "where is he, then " she persisted, and began describing what oliver looked like the officer informed her that he had been driven to the home of a gentleman in pentonville. when fagin heard the news, he exploded, "the boy must be found, even if we have to kidnap him.".

• Working in pairs, note down the reporting verbs used in the above passage. Then
• describe in a few words the mood or purpose of the speakers

Reporting Verbs

Mood/purpose/manner.

• worried, anxious, upset
• polite, responsible
• curious, emphatic, demanding
• anxious, demanding
• conscious of duty, responsible
• angry, emphatic, worried, restless

QuestionD.2. Below are some common remarks made by youngsters, their parents and guardians. They show the differences of opinions on modern music and film between the three groups. First read them carefully On the basis of the above comments, write an article for your school magazine, entitled : "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. " Here are some tips?

• Make your article interesting and readable by reporting the feeling in the above speech bubbles
• Use bothdirect andindirect ways of reporting
• Use a variety of reporting verbs to suit the mood, purpose, and manner of the speakers above. You may wish to use some of the reporting verbs listed below
• You may like to read the article "The Road to English" (A1) again, for some ideas

Answers: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (By: Prerna XA) Modern music and films have undergone a drastic change for the last two decades. New electronic instruments have brought a sea-change in rhyme, rhythm and pitch in the songs. But my fathers friend has declared that it is not music. It is simply an ear¬splitting noise which almost maddens a man. My father said, "It is no music at all" because of fast beats. I tried to assert that it was lively. I asked if they could imagine a party with the sort of music that they had about 20 years ago. And films, the elderly people dont like modern films. My aunt protested, "The films today are so cheap that no one can see them with ones family." At this my friend contended, "The actors and actresses today are so natural." Another friend of mine added that he couldnt stand the theatrical andsing-song way in which actors delivered their lines in old films. Modern day films are more and convincing realistic. Another uncle of mine announced that the films in their time had meaningful stories. The argument came to an end with a concluding remark of my grandfather. He said, "Everyone thinks their time was the best." On the whole, trends change with the changing times.Change is the Law of Nature.

QuestionD. 3. Read the following excerpt from a newspaper report. Tiger numbers up, but habitat a worry New Delhi : Indias tiger population has gone up. On Monday, environment minister Jairam ramesh will announce an increase of over 100 tigers across the country at a three-day international conference of experts on tigers. But can India keep this rising numbers intact ? According to the governments own study on tiger reserves, India cannot hold more than 1000 to 1200 tigers, with its forests having witnessed a degradation in the last two decades. "Where is the habitat to keep so many tigers safe ?" asked Vivek Menon, chief executive officer of the Wildlife Trust of India. "Constant habitat destruction and illegal mining is causing wildlife stress," said Dharmendra Kandhal, a wildlife biologist?

Hindustan times-march 28, 2011.

• Where do you find sentences in direct speech in the above excerpt
• Why has the reporter used the exact words of Mr. Menon and Mr. Kandhal
• Change the sentences in direct speech to indirect speech and then read the excerpt. Does it sound better or worse ? Why
• Sentences in direct speech are in the last para of the text. "Where is the habitat to keep so many tigers safe ?" asked Vivek Menon, chief executive officer of the Wildlife Trust of India
• The reporter has used the exact words of Mr Menon and Mr Kandhal as they are very important words. It is to emphasise their viewpoints
• Vivek Menon, chief executive officer of the Wildlife Trust of India asked where the habitat to keep so many tigers was safe. Dharmendra Kandhal, a wildlife biologist said that constant habitat destruction and illegal mining were causing wildlife stress
• It sounds worse in Indirect speech because the meaning has changed due to past form of verbs
• Saturday-sinking ofprivate mother ship- 400 nautical miles west of Lakshadweep Islands
• 16 pirates captured- 12 Iranian and 4 Pakistani sailors held as hostages rescued- 120 pirates captured in last two months- In earlier three operations 104 pirates captured- facing trial in Mumbai courts
• Saturday operation- began 10 am-naval patrol aircraft spottedMorteza- Iranian traveler used asmother vessel by brigands- offshore patrol vessel INS Suvarna and coast Guard Ship Sangram sent to intercept Morteza- Pirates given warning- ordered to stop- but they fired- Suvarna returned limited fire- disabled Morteza- people seen abandoning ship- according to an official
• Later 16 pirates and 16 sailors picked up from the waters
• All being taken to Mumbai; will be handed over to police for investigation said official. You may write this report in 3-4 paragraphs

Indian navy sinks ship, nabs 16 pirates

Question 1. given below are instructions for opening a bank account. use these to complete the paragraph that follows.

• obtain form from the bank
• fill in the form with all the relevant details
• ask an account-holder to countersign your form
• submit two passport-size photographs
• deposit the minimum amount required
• First a form must be __________ All relevant details
• __________. The form must then
• __________. Two passport- size photographs along with proof of residence
• __________. Finally the minimum amount required
• obtained from the bank
• must be filled in the form
• be countersigned by an account holder
• must be submitted
• must be deposited

Question 2. Given below are a few news headlines. Using information from the same, complete the sentences that follow?

• India Allows Airspace to Pak In the first public move to diffuse tension between the two countries, India _________ through Indian airspace
• Research Work at AIIMS Stalled for Want of Animals More than 50 research projects at the prestigious All India Institute of Medical Sciences _________ to conduct experiments on
• After making Toilets, MCD Looks for Users About 250 toilet complexes constructed by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi with Japanese aid have turned into liabilities as apparently _________
• Selling Kidneys to make a Living Starving Tribals of Idduki district _________ to make a living
• Kidneys Donated without Medical Inspection Most of the kidney donation procedures _________ the required medical examination in Indian hospitals
• has allowed Pak to fly
• have been stalled for want of animals
• MCD is looking for users
• have to sell kidneys/are selling kidneys
• are done without

Question 3. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided?

Question 4. Complete the following paragraph on one of the earlier voyages of Columbus by choosing the correct options?

• Christopher Columbus, __________ born in 1451 AD. Unlike the people of his time,
• __________ In order to prove his belief he said
• __________ three ships. Unfortunately, one of the ships was wrecked. Columbus returned to Spain
• __________ colony
• a skilled sailor and an explorer, was
• was skilled sailor and an explorer
• being a skilled sailor and an explorer was
• a skilled sailor and an explorer is
• but Columbus believed that the Earth was round
• Columbus had believed that the Earth was round
• but Columbus believed that the Earth is round
• Columbus believed that the Earth was round
• if he sails west from Europe
• if he is sailing west of Europe
• if he sailed west from Europe
• if he sailed west to Europe
• with a crew of ninety men on
• having a crew of ninety men in
• with a crew of ninety men having
• going with a crew of ninety men on
• left behind forty men in the island of Hispaniola
• leaving behind forty men on the island of Hispaniola
• has left forty men on the island of Hispaniola
• is leaving forty men on the island of Hispaniola

Question 5. Complete the following passage by choosing the correct options from those given below.?

• Electronic commerce, it seems, still has __________ limits, even in the Silicon Valley. For all the feverish excitement
• __________ the tripling of electronic shopping last holiday season, the total money
• __________ by American consumers online still
• __________ to only about one percent of its total sales-barely a tenth
• __________ the revenues from
• __________ method of distance selling that has been
• __________ for a century; the catalogue. This may be because electronic shopping
• __________ on quite a narrow range of goods, mainly books, toys and music. Worse, there
• __________ many stories of failed and late deliveries. And, more recently, a string of hackers attacks
• __________ temporarily disabled some of the best-known e-commerce websites
• being spent
• concentrated
• is concentrating
• was concentrated
• had concentrated

Question 6. In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined?