The first six of these operators are familiar from mathematics:
Note that = and == have very different meanings. The former is the assignment operator, and the latter is the equality operator:
Python allows you to chain comparison operators to create “compound” comparisons:
Whereas == checks to see if two objects have the same value, the is operator checks to see if two objects are actually the same object. For example, creating two lists with the same contents produces two distinct lists, that have the same “value”:
Thus the is operator is most commonly used to check if a variable references the None object, or either of the boolean objects:
Use is not to check if two objects are distinct:
bool and Truth Values of Non-Boolean Objects
Recall that the two boolean objects True and False formally belong to the int type in addition to bool , and are associated with the values 1 and 0 , respectively:
Likewise Python ascribes boolean values to non-boolean objects. For example,the number 0 is associated with False and non-zero numbers are associated with True . The boolean values of built-in objects can be evaluated with the built-in Python command bool :
and non-zero Python integers are associated with True :
The following built-in Python objects evaluate to False via bool :
Zero of any numeric type: 0 , 0.0 , 0j
Any empty sequence, such as an empty string or list: '' , tuple() , [] , numpy.array([])
Empty dictionaries and sets
Thus non-zero numbers and non-empty sequences/collections evaluate to True via bool .
The bool function allows you to evaluate the boolean values ascribed to various non-boolean objects. For instance, bool([]) returns False wherease bool([1, 2]) returns True .
if , else , and elif
We now introduce the simple, but powerful if , else , and elif conditional statements. This will allow us to create simple branches in our code. For instance, suppose you are writing code for a video game, and you want to update a character’s status based on her/his number of health-points (an integer). The following code is representative of this:
Each if , elif , and else statement must end in a colon character, and the body of each of these statements is delimited by whitespace .
The following pseudo-code demonstrates the general template for conditional statements:
In practice this can look like:
In its simplest form, a conditional statement requires only an if clause. else and elif clauses can only follow an if clause.
Similarly, conditional statements can have an if and an else without an elif :
Conditional statements can also have an if and an elif without an else :
Note that only one code block within a single if-elif-else statement can be executed: either the “if-block” is executed, or an “elif-block” is executed, or the “else-block” is executed. Consecutive if-statements, however, are completely independent of one another, and thus their code blocks can be executed in sequence, if their respective conditional statements resolve to True .
Reading Comprehension: Conditional statements
Assume my_list is a list. Given the following code:
What will happen if my_list is [] ? Will IndexError be raised? What will first_item be?
Assume variable my_file is a string storing a filename, where a period denotes the end of the filename and the beginning of the file-type. Write code that extracts only the filename.
my_file will have at most one period in it. Accommodate cases where my_file does not include a file-type.
"code.py" \(\rightarrow\) "code"
"doc2.pdf" \(\rightarrow\) "doc2"
"hello_world" \(\rightarrow\) "hello_world"
Inline if-else statements
Python supports a syntax for writing a restricted version of if-else statements in a single line. The following code:
can be written in a single line as:
This is suggestive of the general underlying syntax for inline if-else statements:
The inline if-else statement :
The expression A if <condition> else B returns A if bool(<condition>) evaluates to True , otherwise this expression will return B .
This syntax is highly restricted compared to the full “if-elif-else” expressions - no “elif” statement is permitted by this inline syntax, nor are multi-line code blocks within the if/else clauses.
Inline if-else statements can be used anywhere, not just on the right side of an assignment statement, and can be quite convenient:
We will see this syntax shine when we learn about comprehension statements. That being said, this syntax should be used judiciously. For example, inline if-else statements ought not be used in arithmetic expressions, for therein lies madness:
Short-Circuiting Logical Expressions
Armed with our newfound understanding of conditional statements, we briefly return to our discussion of Python’s logic expressions to discuss “short-circuiting”. In Python, a logical expression is evaluated from left to right and will return its boolean value as soon as it is unambiguously determined, leaving any remaining portions of the expression unevaluated . That is, the expression may be short-circuited .
For example, consider the fact that an and operation will only return True if both of its arguments evaluate to True . Thus the expression False and <anything> is guaranteed to return False ; furthermore, when executed, this expression will return False without having evaluated bool(<anything>) .
To demonstrate this behavior, consider the following example:
According to our discussion, the pattern False and short-circuits this expression without it ever evaluating bool(1/0) . Reversing the ordering of the arguments makes this clear.
In practice, short-circuiting can be leveraged in order to condense one’s code. Suppose a section of our code is processing a variable x , which may be either a number or a string . Suppose further that we want to process x in a special way if it is an all-uppercased string. The code
is problematic because isupper can only be called once we are sure that x is a string; this code will raise an error if x is a number. We could instead write
but the more elegant and concise way of handling the nestled checking is to leverage our ability to short-circuit logic expressions.
See, that if x is not a string, that isinstance(x, str) will return False ; thus isinstance(x, str) and x.isupper() will short-circuit and return False without ever evaluating bool(x.isupper()) . This is the preferable way to handle this sort of checking. This code is more concise and readable than the equivalent nested if-statements.
Consider the preceding example of short-circuiting, where we want to catch the case where x is an uppercased string. What is the “bug” in the following code? Why does this fail to utilize short-circuiting correctly?
Links to Official Documentation
Truth testing
Boolean operations
Comparisons
‘if’ statements
Reading Comprehension Exercise Solutions:
Conditional statements
If my_list is [] , then bool(my_list) will return False , and the code block will be skipped. Thus first_item will be None .
First, check to see if . is even contained in my_file . If it is, find its index-position, and slice the string up to that index. Otherwise, my_file is already the file name.
Short-circuited expressions
fails to account for the fact that expressions are always evaluated from left to right. That is, bool(x.isupper()) will always be evaluated first in this instance and will raise an error if x is not a string. Thus the following isinstance(x, str) statement is useless.
Python If-Else Statement in One Line - Ternary Operator Explained
Single-line conditionals in python here’s when to and when not to use them.
Python isn’t the fastest programming language out there, but boy is it readable and efficient to write. Everyone knows what conditional statements are, but did you know you can write if statements in one line of Python code? As it turns out you can, and you’ll learn all about it today.
After reading, you’ll know everything about Python’s If Else statements in one line. You’ll understand when to use them, and when it’s best to avoid them and stick to conventional conditional statements.
Don’t feel like reading? Watch my video instead:
Want to get hired as a data scientist? Running a data science blog might help:
Can Blogging About Data Science Really Get You Hired as a Data Scientist?
What’s Wrong With the Normal If Statement?
Absolutely nothing. Splitting conditional statements into multiple lines of code has been a convention for ages. Most programming languages require the usage of curly brackets, and hence the single line if statements are not an option. Other languages allow writing only simple conditionals in a single line.
And then there’s Python. Before diving into If Else statements in one line, let’s first make a short recap on regular conditionals.
For example, you can check if a condition is true with the following syntax:
The variable age is less than 18 in this case, so Go home. is printed to the console. You can spice things up by adding an else condition that gets evaluated if the first condition is False :
This time age is greater than 18, so Welcome! gets printed to the console. Finally, you can add one or multiple elif conditions. These are used to capture the in-between cases. For example, you can print something entirely different if age is between 16 (included) and 18 (excluded):
The variable age is 17, which means the condition under elif is True , hence Not sure... is printed to the console.
Pretty basic stuff, so we naturally don’t want to spend so many lines of code writing it. As it turns out, you can use the ternary operator in Python to evaluate conditions in a single line.
Ternary Operator in Python
A ternary operator exists in some programming languages, and it allows you to shorten a simple If-Else block. It takes in 3 or more operands:
Value if true - A value that’s returned if the condition evaluates to True.
Condition - A boolean condition that has to be satisfied to return value if true.
Value if false - A value that’s returned if the condition evaluates to False. In code, it would look like this:
You can even write else-if logic in Python’s ternary operator. In that case, the syntax changes slightly:
I have to admit - it looks a bit abstract when written like this. You’ll see plenty of practical examples starting from the next section.
One-Line If Statement (Without Else)
A single-line if statement just means you’re deleting the new line and indentation. You’re still writing the same code, with the only twist being that it takes one line instead of two.
Note: One-line if statement is only possible if there’s a single line of code following the condition. In any other case, wrap the code that will be executed inside a function.
Here’s how to transform our two-line if statement to a single-line conditional:
As before, age is less than 18 so Go home. gets printed.
What if you want to print three lines instead of one? As said before, the best practice is to wrap the code inside a function:
One-line if statements in Python are pretty boring. The real time and space saving benefit happens when you add an else condition.
You’ll benefit the most from one-line if statements if you add one or multiple else conditions.
One-Line If-Else Statement
Now we can fully leverage the power of Python’s ternary operator. The code snippet below stores Go home. to a new variable outcome if the age is less than 18 or Welcome! otherwise:
As you would guess, Welcome! is printed to the console as age is set to 19. If you want to print multiple lines or handle more complex logic, wrap everything you want to be executed into a function - just as before.
You now have a clear picture of how the ternary operator works on a simple one-line if-else statement. We can add complexity by adding more conditions to the operator.
One-Line If-Elif-Else Statement
Always be careful when writing multiple conditions in a single line of code. The logic will still work if the line is 500 characters long, but it’s near impossible to read and maintain it.
You should be fine with two conditions in one line, as the code is still easy to read. The following example prints Go home. if age is below 16, Not Sure... if age is between 16 (included) and 18 (excluded), and Welcome otherwise:
You’ll see Not sure... printed to the console, since age is set to 17. What previously took us six lines of code now only takes one. Neat improvement, and the code is still easy to read and maintain.
What else can you do with one-line if statements? Well, a lot. We’ll explore single-line conditionals for list operations next.
Example: One-Line Conditionals for List Operations
Applying some logic to a list involves applying the logic to every list item, and hence iterating over the entire list. Before even thinking about a real-world example, let’s see how you can write a conditional statement for every list item in a single line of code.
How to Write IF and FOR in One Line
You’ll need to make two changes to the ternary operator:
Surround the entire line of code with brackets [] Append the list iteration code (for element in array) after the final else Here’s how the generic syntax looks like:
It’s not that hard, but let’s drive the point home with an example. The following code snippet prints + if the current number of a range is greater than 5 and - otherwise. The numbers range from 1 to 10 (included):
Image 1 - If and For in a single line in Python (image by author)
Let’s now go over an additional real-world example.
Example: Did Student Pass the Exam?
To start, we’ll declare a list of students. Each student is a Python dictionary object with two keys: name and test score:
We want to print that the student has passed the exam if the score is 50 points or above. If the score was below 50 points, we want to print that the student has failed the exam.
In traditional Python syntax, we would manually iterate over each student in the list and check if the score is greater than 50:
Image 2 - List iteration with traditional Python syntax (image by author)
The code works, but we need 5 lines to make a simple check and store the results. You can use your newly-acquired knowledge to reduce the amount of code to a single line:
Image 3 - One-line conditional and a loop with Python (image by author)
The results are identical, but we have a much shorter and neater code. It’s just on the boundary of being unreadable, which is often a tradeoff with ternary operators and single-line loops. You often can’t have both readable code and short Python scripts.
Just because you can write a conditional in one line, it doesn’t mean you should. Readability is a priority. Let’s see in which cases you’re better off with traditional if statements.
Be Careful With One-Line Conditionals
Just because code takes less vertical space doesn’t mean it’s easier to read. Now you’ll see the perfect example of that claim.
The below snippet checks a condition for every possible grade (1-5) with a final else condition capturing invalid input. The conditions take 12 lines of code to write, but the entire snippet is extremely readable:
As expected, you’ll see Grade = 1 printed to the console, but that’s not what we’re interested in. We want to translate the above snippet into a one-line if-else statement with the ternary operator.
It’s possible - but the end result is messy and unreadable:
This is an example of an extreme case where you have multiple conditions you have to evaluate. It’s better to stick with the traditional if statements, even though they take more vertical space.
Take home point: A ternary operator with more than two conditions is just a nightmare to write and debug.
And there you have it - everything you need to know about one-line if-else statements in Python. You’ve learned all there is about the ternary operator, and how to write conditionals starting with a single if to five conditions in between.
Remember to keep your code simple. The code that’s easier to read and maintain is a better-written code at the end of the day. Just because you can cram everything into a single line, doesn’t mean you should. You’ll regret it as soon as you need to make some changes.
An even cleaner way to write long conditionals is by using structural pattern matching - a new feature introduced in Python 3.10. It brings the beloved switch statement to Python for extra readability and speed of development.
What do you guys think of one-line if-else statements in Python? Do you use them regularly or have you switched to structural pattern matching? Let me know in the comment section below.
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Assigning Multiple Variables in One Line in Python
In this video, we will explore how to assign multiple variables in one line in Python. This technique allows for concise and readable code, especially when you need to initialize multiple variables simultaneously. This tutorial is perfect for students, professionals, or anyone interested in enhancing their Python programming skills.
Why Assign Multiple Variables in One Line?
Assigning multiple variables in one line helps to:
Write more concise and readable code.
Initialize multiple variables simultaneously.
Simplify code maintenance and debugging.
Key Concepts
1. Multiple Assignment:
The ability to assign values to multiple variables in a single line of code.
2. Tuple Unpacking:
A technique that allows you to assign values from a tuple to multiple variables in one line.
How to Assign Multiple Variables in One Line
1. Basic Multiple Assignment:
Assign values to multiple variables separated by commas.
Use tuples to assign multiple variables in a single line.
3. List Unpacking:
Similar to tuple unpacking, but using lists.
Practical Examples
Example 1: Basic Multiple Assignment
Assign values to multiple variables in one line.
Example: a, b, c = 1, 2, 3
Example 2: Tuple Unpacking
Use tuple unpacking to assign values.
Example: x, y = (4, 5)
Example 3: List Unpacking
Use list unpacking to assign values.
Example: m, n, o = [6, 7, 8]
Practical Applications
Data Initialization:
Initialize multiple variables with values in one line for cleaner and more concise code.
Function Returns:
Assign multiple return values from a function call to separate variables in one line.
Swapping Variables:
Swap values of two variables in one line using tuple unpacking.
Example: a, b = b, a
if-elif-else statement on one line in Python
Last updated: Apr 9, 2024 Reading time · 4 min
# Table of Contents
If-Elif-Else statement on one line in Python
Shorthand if-else statement in Python
# If-Elif-Else statement on one line in Python
Use a nested ternary operator to implement an if-elif-else statement on one line.
The first ternary should check for a condition and if the condition is not met, it should return another ternary that does the job of an elif/else statement.
The ternary operator is very similar to an if/else statement.
The example checks if the name variable is falsy and if it is, the string "James Doe" is returned, otherwise, the name variable is returned.
# Using nested ternaries in Python
To have an inline if-elif-else statement, we have to use a nested ternary.
You can wrap the statement in parentheses to make it more readable.
The first ternary in the example checks if the variable stores a value greater than 100 .
If the condition is met, the number 10 gets returned.
The nested ternary operator checks if the variable is less than 100 .
If the condition is met, the number 20 is returned, otherwise, 0 is returned.
Here is another example.
If the condition isn't met, the else statement runs and the nested ternary checks for another condition.
The nested ternary checks if the variable stores a value of less than 100 and if the condition is met, the string b gets returned. This is the elif statement.
If the condition isn't met, the else statement runs and the string c gets returned.
# The equivalent of the nested ternary in an if-elif-else statement
Here is how we would implement the ternary operator of the example using if/elif/else statements.
Using if-elif-else statements is a bit more readable, but it is also a bit more verbose.
Whether using a nested ternary operator makes your code more readable depends on the complexity of the conditions you are checking for.
Using the shorthand syntax isn't always recommended.
# Shorthand if-else statement in Python
The ternary operator can also be used if you need a shorthand if-else statement.
The ternary operator will return the value to the left if the condition is met, otherwise, the value in the else statement is returned.
The operator in the example checks if variable1 is greater than variable2 .
Here is the same code sample but using the longer form syntax.
# a if condition else b
The syntax of the ternary operator is a if condition else b .
You can also store the result in a variable.
The example checks if the name variable is falsy and if it is the string "bobby hadz" is returned, otherwise the name variable is returned.
I've also written an article on how to check for multiple conditions in an if statement .
# Additional Resources
You can learn more about the related topics by checking out the following tutorials:
Styling multiline 'if' statements in Python
Get the first item in a list that matches condition - Python
Find the index of Elements that meet a condition in Python
Using f-string for conditional formatting in Python
Check if all/any elements in List meet condition in Python
ValueError: Circular reference detected in Python [Solved]
Process finished with exit code 139 (interrupted by signal 11: SIGSEGV)
Crafting beautiful Python one-liners is as much an art as it is a science. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to compress an if statement without an else branch into a single line of Python code.
Problem : What’s the one-liner equivalent of the simple if statement without an else branch?
Here’s an example:
You may want to (i) print something, (ii) assign a value to a variable, or (iii) append an element to a list if the condition holds.
In this article, I’ll show you four methods of how to accomplish this goal. All four methods are generally applicable—and you can easily customize them to your specific application.
Let’s have a quick overview of the four methods in our interactive code shell:
Exercise : Run the code for both True and False conditions. Are all methods semantically equivalent?
Method 1: One-Liner If Statement
The first is also the most straightforward method: if you want a one-liner without an else statement, just write the if statement in a single line! There are many tricks (like using the semicolon) that help you create one-liner statements. But for an if body with only one statement, it’s just as simple as avoiding the line break.
This method is perfectly valid and you could see it in practice. Yet, I have to mention that it “violates” the PEP8 standard ( multiple statements in a single line ). Therefore, you shouldn’t consider this to be Pythonic code (there are worse things under the sun though).
Method 2: Ternary with Throw-Away Else Branch
Sure, you can also use the ternary operator:
If you need a quick refresher on the ternary operator, check out my detailed blog article. The ternary operator is commonly used to conditionally assign values. But you can also throw away the return value by not assigning the result to any variable. In this case, it doesn’t matter if you use None or any other “dummy” return value as the result of the else branch:
It’s readable, short, and concise and I like this (well, I may be a bit biased as author of the book Python One-Liners ). Sure, people will ask why you didn’t write it in multiple lines. But where is the fun there?
Method 3: Ternary with Default Value for Assignment
If you need to assign a value conditionally to a variable, but you want to do so without an else branch, you can do the following:
If the condition does not hold, the “dummy” value None is assigned to the variable.
Method 4: Short Circuiting
This method I like most. It uses a Python optimization called “short circuiting” for Boolean operators: the logical and operator simply returns the second operand if the first is True . There’s no Boolean conversion of the second operand, it’s just returned as is.
If the first operand is False , the second operand is not even evaluated.
You can use this to conditionally execute the if branch print('hi') or any other code function.
There are two options:
condition == True : As the first operand is True , the second operand is returned. Thus, the statement print('hi') is executed and the string hi appears on the screen.
condition == False : As the first operand is False , the second operand is not even evaluated because the result of the logical and operation is False anyway. Thus, the statement print('hi') is never executed.
Where to Go From Here?
Enough theory. Let’s get some practice!
Coders get paid six figures and more because they can solve problems more effectively using machine intelligence and automation.
To become more successful in coding, solve more real problems for real people. That’s how you polish the skills you really need in practice. After all, what’s the use of learning theory that nobody ever needs?
You build high-value coding skills by working on practical coding projects!
Do you want to stop learning with toy projects and focus on practical code projects that earn you money and solve real problems for people?
🚀 If your answer is YES! , consider becoming a Python freelance developer ! It’s the best way of approaching the task of improving your Python skills—even if you are a complete beginner.
If you just want to learn about the freelancing opportunity, feel free to watch my free webinar “How to Build Your High-Income Skill Python” and learn how I grew my coding business online and how you can, too—from the comfort of your own home.
Join the free webinar now!
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Last updated:
08/22/2024: Lab 1 posted
CSCI 43 12 Network Protocols
NOTE: When preparing your answers, you are welcome to use any resources, including the text books and the class notes. However, make sure you properly cite the work of other researchers or professionals . Visit https://sceweb.uhcl.edu/yang/citing.htm for more information about cited references.
Warning: Missing or improper cited references in your answers will result in poor scores.
Note: You may cite the lectures if your answer comes from the lectures.
Note about AI tools: You may use AI tools such as ChatGPT as a starting point while putting together your own answer; however, simply copying the answer produced by ChatGPT (or any AI tool) is considered cheating .
Total: 100 points
1. (10 pts ) Visit the class discussion group in the Canvas. Post a message with your full name as the subject line. In your post, briefly introduce yourself, including your full name, your major, and one or two items that you most desire to learn in this class. Throughout this class, you shall regularly participate in the discussion group to find recent announcements, reminders, and discussions.
2. suppose john is using his laptop to send a piece of data (d) to mary. below are some assumptions., assumptions:, (a) the ip of john’s laptop is 281.832.005.123, and its mac address is a4-41-5d-bb-08-c9., (b) mary’s computer’s ip address is 777.555.123.100, and its mac is b9-5c-d8-66-95-4f., (c) the ip of the default gateway/router of john’s laptop is 222.333.444.101, and its mac is 11-22-33-44-55-ab-c0., answer the following questions:, 2.1. (10 pts) how would the layer-3 header (i.e., ip header) be structured hint: show the source address and the destination address., 2.2. (10 pts) how would the layer-2 header be structured hint: show the source address and the destination address., 2.3. (10 pts) explain how john’s default router would process the packet sent from john’s computer., 3. encapsulation vs tunneling in networking:, 3.1. (10 pts) what does encapsulation mean in networking protocols give two examples of encapsulation in networking protocols., 3.2. (10 pts) what does tunneling mean in networking protocols give two examples of tunneling protocols., 4. (10 pts) the sockets abstraction may be implemented as a udp socket or a tcp socket. explain the relative pros and cons of udp sockets and tcp sockets., 5. both tcp and ip are end-to-end protocols., 5.1. (10 pts) explain what end-to-end means in networking., 5.2. (10 pts) in the tcp, an end is identified by an ip address and a port number; however, in the ip, an end is identified by an ip address. explain why., 6. the default http protocol is stateless ., 6.1. (5 pts) first, explain what it means that http being stateless., 6.2. (5 pts) second, give one example mechanism that could help an http server maintain clients’ states..
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Best Online Python Bootcamps
Best Online Python Bootcamps Of 2024
Updated: Jun 10, 2024, 11:58am
If you’re looking to advance your career or make a leap into the tech space, a Python bootcamp online might help you get there. Like JavaScript, Python is an essential language for many entry-level tech jobs . Mastering Python can help you get your foot in the door in a lucrative, rapidly growing field.
Compared to traditional college degree programs, bootcamps offer a more affordable way to master tech skills . According to a Forbes Advisor survey of coding bootcamp grads , only 2.2% of respondents reported being unsatisfied with their bootcamps, indicating that the vast majority of bootcamp participants are happy with their experience.
Read on to learn about the five best Python bootcamps online.
Why You Can Trust Forbes Advisor Education
Forbes Advisor’s education editors are committed to producing unbiased rankings and informative articles covering online colleges, tech bootcamps and career paths. Our ranking methodologies use data from the National Center for Education Statistics , education providers, and reputable educational and professional organizations. An advisory board of educators and other subject matter experts reviews and verifies our content to bring you trustworthy, up-to-date information. Advertisers do not influence our rankings or editorial content.
6,290 accredited, nonprofit colleges and universities analyzed nationwide
52 reputable tech bootcamp providers evaluated for our rankings
All content is fact-checked and updated on an annual basis
Rankings undergo five rounds of fact-checking
Only 7.12% of all colleges, universities and bootcamp providers we consider are awarded
Our Methodology
We ranked seven online bootcamps in the U.S. using 13 data points in the categories of career support, credibility, affordability and student experience. We pulled data for these categories from individual bootcamp providers. Data is accurate as of November 2023.
We scored bootcamps based on the following metrics:
Career Support
Access to career coaching or mentorship
Availability of job guarantee
Official hiring partners
Credibility
Council on Integrity in Results Reporting (CIRR) membership status
Student outcomes data transparency
Pricing transparency
Length of time provider has been operating
Affordability
Upfront cost per week
Availability of installment payment plan
Availability of delayed payment plan
Accepts GI Bill®
Student Experience
Average time to completion (in hours)
Scheduling flexibility
We chose the five best bootcamps to display based on those receiving a curved final score of 62% or higher.
For the purpose of our rankings, we do not evaluate self-paced bootcamps or bootcamps offered through universities . Find our full list of methodologies here .
Best Coding Bootcamps Online
Best Data Science Bootcamps
Best Java Bootcamps
5 Best UI/UX Design Bootcamps
Best Online Data Analytics Bootcamps
Key Takeaways
Should you enroll in an online python bootcamp, online python bootcamp credibility, how to find the right online python bootcamp for you, paying for an online python bootcamp, frequently asked questions (faqs) about online python bootcamps.
It generally takes at least three months of part-time study to master basic Python skills.
Python is an essential programming language when applying for jobs in the field.
There are both synchronous and asynchronous Python bootcamps available online.
Best Python Bootcamp Options
Best for synchronous learning : App Academy Full-Time Online Coding Bootcamp
Best for part-time students : Le Wagon Data Engineering Bootcamp
Best for graduating quickly : Noble Desktop Python Developer Certificate
Best for beginners : Coding Nomads Python Web Development Career Track
Best for students on a budget : Byte Academy Python Full-Stack Bootcamp
Best for synchronous learning
App academy full-time online coding bootcamp.
Total Upfront Cost
Job Guarantee?
CIRR Reporting Member?
Based in San Francisco, California, App Academy offers a full-time online coding bootcamp that takes 24 weeks to complete. Students must be online from 8–5 p.m. PT every day, participating in live, synchronous courses. Over 24 weeks, the curriculum covers programming fundamentals, computer science, web development fundamentals, back-end engineering, front-end engineering, Python and the job search.
Incoming students have two tries to pass a free introductory JavaScript course, after which they can enroll in the bootcamp.
Finance Options: Climb Credit loans, income share agreement, deferred tuition
Scholarships Available: N/A
Best for part-time students
Le wagon data engineering bootcamp.
Based in Paris, France, Le Wagon offers a Python-focused, online data engineering bootcamp with both full-time (two months) and part-time (seven months) tracks. The full-time track requires approximately 40 hours of study each week, while the part-time track involves around 16 hours of weekly study. The curriculum includes data engineering 101, database management, data storage and Batch Pipelines, and data at scale.
Incoming students must complete 40 hours of prep work, which includes studies in Python, intermediate SQL and GitHub.
Time Commitment: Two months (full-time), seven months (part-time)
Notable Bootcamp Courses: Data engineering 101, database management
Prerequisites: 40 hours of prep work in Python, intermediate SQL, Linux, GitHub, Git
Scholarships Available: Availability varies by location
Best for graduating quickly
Noble desktop python developer certificate.
Headquartered in New York City, Noble Desktop offers a full-time Python developer certificate that students can complete in three weeks of full-time study. The curriculum comprises 90 hours of study and takes place live and online during weekdays. Students complete a Python programming bootcamp before advancing to a Python web development with Django course.
Incoming students must be able to code in HTML and have knowledge of basic CSS. Students can pay upfront or in installments.
Time Commitment: Three weeks
Bootcamp Enrollment Options: Full-time
Notable Bootcamp Courses: Python programming bootcamp, Python web development with Django
Prerequisites: Basic HTML and CSS skills
Finance Options: Installment plan
Best for beginners
Coding nomads python web development career track.
Headquartered in the Bay Area in California, Coding Nomads offers an online Python web development career track that delivers coursework asynchronously through pre-recorded lectures. The company recommends part-time learning, and the curriculum consists of 1,190 total hours of work, which students can complete in roughly 14 months by studying 15 to 20 hours per week. A full-time track is also available and usually takes four to six months.
Coding Nomads allows students to pay upfront or in installments.
Time Commitment: Four to six months (full-time), 14 months (part-time)
Bootcamp Enrollment Options: Part-time, full-time
Notable Bootcamp Courses: Introduction to Python, procedural Python
Prerequisites: N/A
Best for students on a budget
Byte academy python full-stack bootcamp.
Headquartered in New York City, Byte Academy offers a Python full-stack bootcamp with both full-time and part-time tracks. Both tracks last 24 weeks and involve both synchronous and asynchronous elements, but the part-time option features more flexibility for working professionals. The curriculum includes modules in data structures, algorithms and JavaScript and culminates with a four-week internship.
Incoming students must either pass an introduction to Python course or test out of this requirement.
Notable Bootcamp Courses: Introduction to Python, data structures
Prerequisites: Intro to Python course or test out
Finance Options: Income share agreement
At surface level, a bootcamp might seem much more appealing than a traditional degree. Coding bootcamps generally cost less than degrees and take less time to complete. They also prepare graduates for new careers in in-demand fields.
However, a bootcamp may not be the right choice for all types of students. Despite a perception that most bootcamp students are career changers from non-tech-related fields, our research found that most bootcamp students have some knowledge of computer science and coding before beginning their bootcamps. Those with zero tech experience may feel behind their peers.
Likewise, bootcamps are often demanding and time-consuming, making them difficult to juggle with full-time work or other big commitments. And since many bootcamps take place online, you’ll need strong time management skills and self motivation to stay on track during your program.
That said, our survey found that only 2.2% of bootcamp graduates were ultimately somewhat or very unsatisfied with their experience.
One downside of attending a coding bootcamp is that these programs are far less regulated than the traditional degrees offered at colleges and universities. And much like the tech industry as a whole, the bootcamp space can be volatile. Providers can appear and disappear seemingly overnight, so it’s important to do your homework when choosing a program.
The Council on Integrity in Results Reporting (CIRR) can be a good place to start when evaluating the credibility of a potential bootcamp. CIRR uses salary and employment data of bootcamp grads to arrive at an objective measure of student outcomes for participating providers. However, relatively few bootcamp providers report their student outcomes data to CIRR.
What Are Your Career Goals?
If you want to become a full-stack developer or work in a field that requires knowledge of Python, a bootcamp can be a great way to learn the skills you’ll need.
One important consideration when choosing between bootcamps is the required level of knowledge for your desired role. If you just need Python skills , a short certificate might suffice. If you want to become a full-stack developer , a more robust coding bootcamp might be a better option.
What’s Your Availability?
Some online bootcamps require regular attendance of livestreamed sessions during typical work hours. Others deliver coursework asynchronously. Based on your work schedule and other obligations, choose a bootcamp that fits into your life.
What’s Your Budget?
Prestigious providers that employ instructors to deliver live, online classes may charge higher tuition rates. If cost is a prohibiting factor, you might consider an asynchronous bootcamp or a provider that offers tiered pricing based on the number of services it provides.
Though a Python bootcamp will generally cost less than a full-fledged degree, you might still shell out thousands of dollars to complete your program. Here’s how to decide whether a bootcamp is worth it and, if so, how to fund one.
How Much Is a Python Bootcamp?
The five Python bootcamps on this page charge between $1,500 and $20,000 for upfront tuition, indicating that tuition varies widely based on providers. Forbes Advisor research found that the median total upfront cost of a coding bootcamp as of November 2023 was $9,500.
Upfront Payment
An upfront payment is generally the least expensive financing option for bootcamp students. However, this option requires you to pay the total cost of your bootcamp in one lump sum, which can be financially prohibitive for some students.
Pay in Installments
An installment plan usually requires students to make a payment each month over a set period. This option often costs more over time than it would to pay upfront, as providers generally tack on interest or other fees. However, paying in installments is more manageable for many learners.
Income Share Agreement
An income share agreement (ISA) lets students enroll in a bootcamp for little or no upfront cost, but once they graduate and get a job, they will have to pay the bootcamp provider a certain percentage of their salary for an agreed-upon period of time.
ISAs can lower some of the initial financial barriers for prospective bootcamp students; however, these agreements almost always cost more over time than upfront payments and installment plans. That’s because an ISA requires you to pay a set percentage of your income, regardless of how much you’re making. Be cautious and read all the fine print before agreeing to an ISA.
Job Guarantee
Some bootcamp providers offer job guarantees , which promise tuition waivers or refunds to students who do not secure qualifying jobs within a set period after graduation. That said, make sure to read any job guarantee’s fine print. Most of them come with strings attached, such as requiring you to apply to a certain number of jobs per week or restricting you to applying within a certain metropolitan area.
Loans, Scholarships and Other Aid
Federal student aid is generally unavailable for bootcamp participants. However, military students may be able to apply their GI Bill® benefits toward a bootcamp or similar program. You can also pursue scholarships and loans through providers and nonprofit organizations. However, because loans incur interest, you should first explore forms of aid that do not require repayment.
Can you learn Python in three months?
If you are studying part time and without any prior subject knowledge, it usually takes two to four months to learn the basics of Python . You might need another three to six months to learn advanced Python skills in areas like web development and data science.
Is it worth paying for a Python course?
This depends on your circumstances. If you feel comfortable self-studying and have plenty of time to learn, you might be able to learn Python on your own. However, many students find that a structured course provides a more comprehensive education.
Can you get a job knowing only Python?
Based on many current job postings, it is tough to get a job knowing only Python. You might also need to know HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Many of our top-ranked Python bootcamps also cover other entry-level tech skills.
What is the best way to learn Python?
It depends. For many students, the structure and support of a bootcamp helps them master Python. If you’re particularly independent and disciplined, however, you may be able to learn the language through self-study.
Is it realistic to get a job after coding bootcamp?
Yes, it is. The entire point of a coding bootcamp is to get a job in the field. Most providers offer career services, and some offer job guarantees.
Mikeie Reiland is a writer who has written features for Oxford American, Bitter Southerner, Gravy, and SB Nation, among other publications. He received a James Beard nomination for a feature he wrote in 2023.
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Assignment to an item of a list in single line for loop
I want to make an assignment to an item of a list in a single line for loop.
First i have a list, where each list items are dictionary object. Then, i do for loop over each item of the list and compare if 'nodeid' field of dictionary is 106. If yes, i add new field to that dictionary. Code is below.
I want to write loop part of the algorithm in a single line similiar as
but this method does not work. How can i write this loop in a single line?
variable-assignment
4 Your code is perfectly fine for this task. There is no need to try and write a one-liner other than practicing comprehensions. – Ma0 Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 14:52
1 Perhaps instead of using a list, you could have a dictionary of dictionaries, keyed by nodeid. Then you can easily do K[106]['S'] = [2 , 124, 123 , 3532, 35] . In O(1) time, no less. – Kevin Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 14:53
4 Answers 4
As I said in the comments writing a one-liner for this task is not the way to go as the amount of readability you lose is massive .
But , if driven out of pure curiosity, you could do it this way:
the magic here happens with dict(x, **{'S': [2 , 124, 123 , 3532, 35]}) which essentially adds the two dict ionaries together and returns their result.
Python 3.5+
1 this is more elegant than mine. +1 – Ma0 Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 14:58
You could certainly do it that way if you wanted, like so:
The ** is Python's version of an "explode" or unpacking operator, used on a dictionary, described in detail over here .
However , it looks like your data wants to be in a dictionary already, considering the nodeid , so why not restructure it like that?
This is the benefit of using hash/table data structures: fast and convenient (not to mention, readable) indexing. The location of every element is already known and you don't need to do any sort of iteration over the contained elements unless you have a secondary key criteria.
In addition, by using dictionaries, you avoid the cost of reconstructing the entire list, which happens through the use of the list comprehension in the first example given. Note however that you would not have that problem if you used the for loop which you began with, as that would only alter the element once found, and if you break after completing your operations, the loop would finish without incurring any additional costs.
if you have a lot of items, writing a one-liner means rebuilding the whole list, which isn't really efficient if you have sparse values to change.
In one-line (works with all versions of python >= 2.7):
if the id doesn't match, issue the sublist, else build a dictionary with the sublist + the extra element (not using the fancy "dictionary additions" that all python versions don't have)
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Python One-Liner: Simplify Your Code With The If Statement
Python One-Liner: Simplify Your Code With The If Statement
Python Variables with examples
A Simple Introduction to List Comprehension in Python
How to Write Python IF-ELSE code in one line?
what is a assignment in python
COMMENTS
python
If one line code is definitely going to happen for you, Python 3.8 introduces assignment expressions affectionately known as "the walrus operator". someBoolValue and (num := 20) The 20 will be assigned to num if the first boolean expression is True .
Assigning multiple variables in one line in Python
Python assigns values from right to left. When assigning multiple variables in a single line, different variable names are provided to the left of the assignment operator separated by a comma. The same goes for their respective values except they should be to the right of the assignment operator. While declaring variables in this fashion one ...
Python Multiple Assignment Statements In One Line
The assignment at line 1 fails because it is trying assign a value to foo[0] but foo is never initialized or defined so it fails. The assignment at line 2 works because foo is first initialized to be [1,2,3] and then foo[0] is assigned [1,2,3] ... Python Variable Assignment on One line. 0. Python Syntax for Assigning Multiple Variables Across ...
How to Write the Python if Statement in one Line
You may have seen this coming, but we can even write elif and else statements each in a single line. To do so, we use the same syntax as writing an if statement in a single line. Here's the general structure: if <expression_01>: <perform_action_01>. elif <expression_02>: <perform_action_02>.
Python One Line Conditional Assignment
Method 1: Ternary Operator. The most basic ternary operator x if c else y returns expression x if the Boolean expression c evaluates to True. Otherwise, if the expression c evaluates to False, the ternary operator returns the alternative expression y. <OnTrue> if <Condition> else <OnFalse>. Operand.
Multiple assignment in Python: Assign multiple values or the same value
None in Python; Create calendar as text, HTML, list in Python; NumPy: Insert elements, rows, and columns into an array with np.insert() Shuffle a list, string, tuple in Python (random.shuffle, sample) Add and update an item in a dictionary in Python; Cartesian product of lists in Python (itertools.product) Remove a substring from a string in Python
One line if statement in Python (ternary conditional operator)
Many programming languages have a ternary operator, which defines a conditional expression. The most common usage is to make a terse, simple dependent assignment statement. In other words, it offers a one-line code to evaluate the first expression if the condition is true; otherwise, it considers the second expression.
Conditional Statements in Python
Python is one of a relatively small set of off-side rule languages. ... It is customary to write if <expr> on one line and <statement> indented on the following line like this: Python. if < expr >: < statement > ... A common use of the conditional expression is to select variable assignment. For example, suppose you want to find the larger of ...
How to Assign Multiple Variables in a Single Line in Python
There is a quicker way to do those assignments in Python, which you can use especially when you want to assign multiple values. Here it is: You can use the same when you also get values returned from methods, as you can see from the following example:
One line if without else in Python
If your conditional involves an assignment, then you need to use the regular if statement.. Conclusion. This tutorial has shown you examples of writing a one line if without else statement in Python.. In practice, writing a one line if statement is discouraged as it means you're writing at least two statements in one line: the condition and the code to run when that condition is True.
Python Variables
W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.
To create a new variable or to update the value of an existing one in Python, you'll use an assignment statement. This statement has the following three components: A left operand, which must be a variable. The assignment operator ( =) A right operand, which can be a concrete value, an object, or an expression.
How to use python if else in one line with examples
The general syntax of single if and else statement in Python is: bash. if condition: value_when_true else: value_when_false. Now if we wish to write this in one line using ternary operator, the syntax would be: bash. value_when_true if condition else value_when_false. In this syntax, first of all the else condition is evaluated.
Conditional Statements
In its simplest form, a conditional statement requires only an if clause. else and elif clauses can only follow an if clause. # A conditional statement consisting of # an "if"-clause, only. x = -1 if x < 0: x = x ** 2 # x is now 1. Similarly, conditional statements can have an if and an else without an elif:
Python If-Else Statement in One Line
Before diving into If Else statements in one line, let's first make a short recap on regular conditionals. For example, you can check if a condition is true with the following syntax: age = 16 if age < 18: print('Go home.') The variable age is less than 18 in this case, so Go home. is printed to the console.
Multiple Assignment in Python
In this video, we will explore how to assign multiple variables in one line in Python. This technique allows for concise and readable code, especially when you need to initialize multiple variables simultaneously. This tutorial is perfect for students, professionals, or anyone interested in enhancing their Python programming skills.
if-elif-else statement on one line in Python
Use a nested ternary operator to implement an if-elif-else statement on one line. The first ternary should check for a condition and if the condition is not met, it should return another ternary that does the job of an elif/else statement. main.py. my_str = 'bobby hadz'.
python
That's more specifically a ternary operator expression than an if-then, here's the python syntax. value_when_true if condition else value_when_false Better Example: (thanks Mr. Burns) 'Yes' if fruit == 'Apple' else 'No' Now with assignment and contrast with if syntax. fruit = 'Apple' isApple = True if fruit == 'Apple' else False vs
Python One Line If Without Else
Method 1: One-Liner If Statement. The first is also the most straightforward method: if you want a one-liner without an else statement, just write the if statement in a single line! There are many tricks (like using the semicolon) that help you create one-liner statements. But for an if body with only one statement, it's just as simple as ...
PDF CSE 1321L
Assignment 1C: Body Mass Index (BMI) Calculator Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. The formula to calculate BMI is: Write a Python program that prompts the user for their weight in kilograms and height in centimeters. The program should calculate the user's BMI and categorize it into one of four
1.
Lab 1. Total: 100 points. 1. (10 pts) Visit the class discussion group in the Canvas. Post a message with your full name as the subject line. In your post, briefly introduce yourself, including your full name, your major, and one or two items that you most desire to learn in this class.
Best Online Python Bootcamps Of 2024
Based in Paris, France, Le Wagon offers a Python-focused, online data engineering bootcamp with both full-time (two months) and part-time (seven months) tracks. The full-time track requires ...
python
13. I do not incentivise this, but say you're on the command line, you have nothing but Python and you really need a one-liner, you can do this: python -c "$(echo -e "a=True\nif a : print(1)")" Here we're pre-processing \n before evaluating Python code. That's super hacky! Don't write code like this.
python
1. I want to make an assignment to an item of a list in a single line for loop. First i have a list, where each list items are dictionary object. Then, i do for loop over each item of the list and compare if 'nodeid' field of dictionary is 106. If yes, i add new field to that dictionary. Code is below. K= []
IMAGES
COMMENTS
If one line code is definitely going to happen for you, Python 3.8 introduces assignment expressions affectionately known as "the walrus operator". someBoolValue and (num := 20) The 20 will be assigned to num if the first boolean expression is True .
Python assigns values from right to left. When assigning multiple variables in a single line, different variable names are provided to the left of the assignment operator separated by a comma. The same goes for their respective values except they should be to the right of the assignment operator. While declaring variables in this fashion one ...
The assignment at line 1 fails because it is trying assign a value to foo[0] but foo is never initialized or defined so it fails. The assignment at line 2 works because foo is first initialized to be [1,2,3] and then foo[0] is assigned [1,2,3] ... Python Variable Assignment on One line. 0. Python Syntax for Assigning Multiple Variables Across ...
You may have seen this coming, but we can even write elif and else statements each in a single line. To do so, we use the same syntax as writing an if statement in a single line. Here's the general structure: if <expression_01>: <perform_action_01>. elif <expression_02>: <perform_action_02>.
Method 1: Ternary Operator. The most basic ternary operator x if c else y returns expression x if the Boolean expression c evaluates to True. Otherwise, if the expression c evaluates to False, the ternary operator returns the alternative expression y. <OnTrue> if <Condition> else <OnFalse>. Operand.
None in Python; Create calendar as text, HTML, list in Python; NumPy: Insert elements, rows, and columns into an array with np.insert() Shuffle a list, string, tuple in Python (random.shuffle, sample) Add and update an item in a dictionary in Python; Cartesian product of lists in Python (itertools.product) Remove a substring from a string in Python
Many programming languages have a ternary operator, which defines a conditional expression. The most common usage is to make a terse, simple dependent assignment statement. In other words, it offers a one-line code to evaluate the first expression if the condition is true; otherwise, it considers the second expression.
Python is one of a relatively small set of off-side rule languages. ... It is customary to write if <expr> on one line and <statement> indented on the following line like this: Python. if < expr >: < statement > ... A common use of the conditional expression is to select variable assignment. For example, suppose you want to find the larger of ...
There is a quicker way to do those assignments in Python, which you can use especially when you want to assign multiple values. Here it is: You can use the same when you also get values returned from methods, as you can see from the following example:
If your conditional involves an assignment, then you need to use the regular if statement.. Conclusion. This tutorial has shown you examples of writing a one line if without else statement in Python.. In practice, writing a one line if statement is discouraged as it means you're writing at least two statements in one line: the condition and the code to run when that condition is True.
W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.
To create a new variable or to update the value of an existing one in Python, you'll use an assignment statement. This statement has the following three components: A left operand, which must be a variable. The assignment operator ( =) A right operand, which can be a concrete value, an object, or an expression.
The general syntax of single if and else statement in Python is: bash. if condition: value_when_true else: value_when_false. Now if we wish to write this in one line using ternary operator, the syntax would be: bash. value_when_true if condition else value_when_false. In this syntax, first of all the else condition is evaluated.
In its simplest form, a conditional statement requires only an if clause. else and elif clauses can only follow an if clause. # A conditional statement consisting of # an "if"-clause, only. x = -1 if x < 0: x = x ** 2 # x is now 1. Similarly, conditional statements can have an if and an else without an elif:
Before diving into If Else statements in one line, let's first make a short recap on regular conditionals. For example, you can check if a condition is true with the following syntax: age = 16 if age < 18: print('Go home.') The variable age is less than 18 in this case, so Go home. is printed to the console.
In this video, we will explore how to assign multiple variables in one line in Python. This technique allows for concise and readable code, especially when you need to initialize multiple variables simultaneously. This tutorial is perfect for students, professionals, or anyone interested in enhancing their Python programming skills.
Use a nested ternary operator to implement an if-elif-else statement on one line. The first ternary should check for a condition and if the condition is not met, it should return another ternary that does the job of an elif/else statement. main.py. my_str = 'bobby hadz'.
That's more specifically a ternary operator expression than an if-then, here's the python syntax. value_when_true if condition else value_when_false Better Example: (thanks Mr. Burns) 'Yes' if fruit == 'Apple' else 'No' Now with assignment and contrast with if syntax. fruit = 'Apple' isApple = True if fruit == 'Apple' else False vs
Method 1: One-Liner If Statement. The first is also the most straightforward method: if you want a one-liner without an else statement, just write the if statement in a single line! There are many tricks (like using the semicolon) that help you create one-liner statements. But for an if body with only one statement, it's just as simple as ...
Assignment 1C: Body Mass Index (BMI) Calculator Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. The formula to calculate BMI is: Write a Python program that prompts the user for their weight in kilograms and height in centimeters. The program should calculate the user's BMI and categorize it into one of four
Lab 1. Total: 100 points. 1. (10 pts) Visit the class discussion group in the Canvas. Post a message with your full name as the subject line. In your post, briefly introduce yourself, including your full name, your major, and one or two items that you most desire to learn in this class.
Based in Paris, France, Le Wagon offers a Python-focused, online data engineering bootcamp with both full-time (two months) and part-time (seven months) tracks. The full-time track requires ...
13. I do not incentivise this, but say you're on the command line, you have nothing but Python and you really need a one-liner, you can do this: python -c "$(echo -e "a=True\nif a : print(1)")" Here we're pre-processing \n before evaluating Python code. That's super hacky! Don't write code like this.
1. I want to make an assignment to an item of a list in a single line for loop. First i have a list, where each list items are dictionary object. Then, i do for loop over each item of the list and compare if 'nodeid' field of dictionary is 106. If yes, i add new field to that dictionary. Code is below. K= []