gloria steinem wonder woman essay

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How Gloria Steinem Saved Wonder Woman

In the upcoming film Professor Marston and the Wonder Women, director Angela Robinson explores the true story of the man who created the DC heroine, and the women he modeled her after. In 1941, Dr. William Marston created the character, basing her on his wife, Elizabeth (played by Rebecca Hall )—and his lover, Olive Byrne ( Bella Heathcote ), who amicably lived with the couple for years.

After she finished making the film, Robinson began wondering if a certain real-life heroine would approve of it: Gloria Steinem, the legendary feminist who is also largely responsible for Wonder Woman’s modern-day incarnation. Back in the 1960s, Steinem was a huge fan of the DC comic, but was disappointed in the way that Diana Prince’s character had changed for the worse; at one point, her superpowers were stripped away for an entire arc, debilitating the iconic character. Steinem decided to raise hell, lobbying DC Comics to reinstate Prince back to her old stature, and later featuring Wonder Woman on the first issue of Ms. magazine in 1972. As Robinson plainly put it in an interview with Vanity Fair, Steinem is “the woman who saved Wonder Woman.”

Though it seems like a coincidence that Robinson’s film is coming out now, just a few months after Patty Jenkins’s high-profile Wonder Woman adaptation , the writer-director has actually been working on Professor Marston for the last eight years. “It took about four years, nights and weekends, for me to write it between TV jobs, and another four years to get it made,” she said. Through producer Amy Redford, Robinson was able to send a copy of the film to Steinem, who ended up loving it so much that she wrote a blurb for it.

Robinson, still curious about Steinem’s incredible connection to the comic, e-mailed the activist a few questions about her work. The following is their ensuing conversation about the magical legacy of Wonder Woman.

Angela Robinson: Can you tell me about why you decided to mount a campaign to restore Wonder Woman’s superpowers? What did the campaign consist of? Did you lobby DC Comics?

Gloria Steinem: We lobbied DC Comics publicly, by putting Wonder Woman on the cover [of Ms. ] and reprinting some of her Golden Age stories, so girls plus women younger than I and Joanne Edgar, also a founder of Ms . who grew up on Wonder Woman, could see what they were missing. [We] also [lobbied] privately by lobbying Dick Giordano, who was then running all the DC Comics superheroes—with artists I always imagined chained by the ankle to drawing boards, churning out story after story—to stop making her into a powerless 1950s car hop. I remember him finally calling me at Ms. and saying something like, “O.K., she’s got her magic lasso back to make people tell the truth, she’s got her bracelets back to repel bullets, she’s got Paradise Island back as her origin story—and a black Amazon sister named Nubia. Now will you leave me alone?” I also hope—but don’t know—that we had something to do with the fact that the next head of DC Comics was a woman: Jenette Kahn.

Did you ever meet Elizabeth Holloway Marston? What was your impression of her? What was your interaction like?

Yes. She sometimes dropped into the Ms . office. I remember her as a no-nonsense little woman who always wore a hat, was very precise, sure of herself, and encouraging to us.

What do you think of William Moulton Marston’s contention that seeing women in a dominant way, sexual or otherwise, would teach boys and men to respect powerful women?

It’s always flat-out wrong and dangerous to say that any group is born to dominate another. It also creates one more obstacle to equality, because it’s what some men fear most—out of guilt—that we will do to them what they’ve been doing to us. In fact, the gender roles of “masculine” and “feminine” were made up relatively recently in human history, by patriarchies in which men control reproduction and women’s bodies. The old and by far the longest-running cultures didn’t have gendered pronouns of “he” and “she,” and women controlled reproduction. Each of us was—and is—a unique combination of heredity and environment that could never have happened before or again, and each of us has access to the full circle of human qualities.

Did you see the Patty Jenkins-directed Wonder Woman film this past summer? What did you think of it?

Yes. I thought it was very good. It made her Amazon origin story clear; she was stopping war, not perpetuating it; her strength was communicating in 200 languages; and she was exploring and learning without giving up her uniqueness. I know some women were disappointed by all the makeup, but I may be desperate—I was just happy that the Amazons had wild hair!

The thing I least understand is that the movie turned World War II into World War I. What I least understand about your movie is that you didn’t use the fact that Wonder Woman was partly a response to the boys’ comic books during World War II—so sadistic and racist that there was a congressional hearing on the subject. Wonder Woman was a response to that.

What superpower would be the most important one [for Wonder Woman] to have today?

Her magic lasso that makes everyone tell the truth—no more falsehoods and Alternate Facts!

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Ms. vol 1, no. 1, object details, related content.

Excelsior! Super Superheroes

This first issue of Ms. Magazine, published July 1, 1972, features Wonder Woman on its cover. Ms., founded by activists Gloria Steinem and Dorothy Pittman Hughes, is a periodical providing "feminist news and information." Introduced as a preview within a December 1971 issue of New York Magazine, Ms. ran as a monthly publication until 1987, when it converted to a quarterly.

Steinem chose Wonder Woman for the cover, in part, as a reaction to DC Comics' decision to have the long-running character lose her superpowers.The magazine includes an essay concerning Wonder Woman's history and role in inspiring feminism. Due in part to these efforts, Wonder Woman's powers were soon restored within the comics.

Wonder Woman is a superhero created in 1941 by noted psychologist William Moulton Marsten (as Charles Moulton) and artist Harry G. Peters. An Amazonian princess possessing incredible strength and armed with magical devices, the character has made a profound cultural impact as the best known and longest lasting female superhero.

Moulton claimed Wonder Woman to be "psychological propaganda for a new type of woman" that he believed "should ... rule the world." Introduced in DC Comics All-Star Comics #8, the character was an instant hit with readers, with early Wonder Woman stories featuring thrilling messages of female empowerment. The first, and for some time, only woman in All-Star Comics' super team "The Justice Society of America," the red, white and blue clad heroine soon helmed her own title, becoming one of the few characters to have survived continually from comic's early "Golden Age" to the present.

Wonder Woman continues to inspire generations with her powerful combination of compassion and might. In addition to her genre-defining comic book appearances, the character has become a multi-media juggernaut and a symbol for women's rights across the globe.

Appearing on scores of merchandise, the star-spangled superhero has been featured in video games, television and the big screen. In the 1970s television series ,"Wonder Woman" was portrayed by actress Lynda Carter, and in the 21st century Warner Bros. film series, she has been depicted by actress Gal Godot.

Date Made: 1972

Associated Name: Steinem, Gloria

Location: Currently not on view

Place Made: United States: New York, New York City

Depicted: Wonder Woman Subject: Feminist Movement

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Wonder Woman

Warrior, disrupter, feminist icon, regina luttrell - foreword by nancy marston wykoff and peggy marston van cleave.

A remarkable exploration of Wonder Woman’s creation, mysterious identity, and evolution—and her extraordinary impact on her legions of fans.

For generations, Wonder Woman has been a symbol of equality and female empowerment, her complex saga deeply rooted within the feminist movement. A staple of the comic book industry, she is arguably the best-known female superhero of all time.

In Wonder Woman: Warrior, Disrupter, Feminist Icon , Regina Luttrell details this legendary superhero’s origins, history, and evolution, from an ambassador of peace and love to the fiercest warrior in the DC Universe. Luttrell reveals how Wonder Woman’s journeys are a reflection of each wave within the feminist movement and how her impact on culture and society continues to be felt today. Wonder Woman has become the epitome of technological sophistication, globalization, and modern-day feminism. She is truly a warrior, a disrupter, and a feminist icon.

Luttrell’s fascinating history includes the perspectives of famed feminist Gloria Steinem in her essay “Wonder Woman,” as well as personal interviews with creator William Moulton Marson’s surviving family members. Featuring a captivating examination of the oft-overlooked contributions of Marston’s life partners and inspirations Elizabeth Holloway Marston and Olive Byrne, Wonder Woman is an incredible, in-depth exploration of this iconic feminist superhero.

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Essay on Wonder Woman by Gloria Steinem

William Marston made a name for himself as an unusual man with enormous expertise in different genres including psychology. What’s more, he declared himself to be the first one to introduce a device known today as the lie detector. However, one of his most popular and influential inventions is the comic book under the Wonder Woman name. It reflected “two of his greatest passions: feminism and women in bondage” (Berlatsky, 2015). The book had a huge effect just after the introduction of Superman back in 1939. What’s more, it caught the attention of M.C. Gains who offered Marston a position in DC Comics according to Les Daniels in Wonder Woman: The Complete History (Chronicle Books, 2000, pp. 22-24).

In her five-paragraph essay on Wonder Woman, Gloria Steinem describes the main character of the comic book and the way it impacted her life in the real world. It is not a secret that the 1900s appeared to be a tough challenge for many ethnic groups in the United States. Besides, that was a period of vastly developing sexism. In this situation, women of America required someone who would be associated with feminist and political activism, a spiritual leader who would drive the forward. Surprisingly, a comic book character turned up to be the one. Wonder Woman offered a new vision of independence, equal rights for every person, and political equity. She changed the way people accepted women’s role in modern society.

Wonder Woman influenced Steinem in many ways. First of all, she managed to instill independence in Gloria. Steinem was from a poor family. She did not have much and comic books appeared to be the first thing she could afford to buy on her own money. As she did not get the opportunity to attend school, Gloria used comic books to learn how to read. Her parents traveled a lot to make their living and Wonder Woman was always there for her to accompany and lend a virtual hand whenever needed.

Those times, the majority of comic book heroes were men who expressed their heroism to save helpless women. The introduction of Wonder Woman appeared to be a revolutionary idea in some way. She was able to fight on her own and most of those battles were victorious. The main thing is that she was never dependent on men saying: “I can never love a dominant man” (344). Steinem learns from her many different things as well as self-respect. Gloria saw a woman who was just as strong as the majority of male superheroes.

Another important thing about Wonder Woman is the fact she never tried to hurt her enemies despite her superhuman strength. Instead, she made efforts to convert them into a new belief where every person had equal rights. She offered her enemies to join the world of peace and equity, always ready to fight for humanity.

Works Cited

Berlatsky, Noah. Wonder Woman: Bondage and Feminism in the Marston/Peter Comics, 1941-1948. January 2015. Print.

Daniels, Les. Wonder Woman: The Complete History. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2001.

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Gloria Steinem and Wonder Woman

Gloria Steinem’s essay “Wonder Woman” explains how the comic book character, Wonder Woman, impacted her life while she was growing up. During the 1900’s, the world was a very sexist place. The comic book heroine Wonder Woman influenced Steinem into becoming a feminist and political activist in many ways. Wonder Woman influenced Steinem’s views on independence, equality, and the qualities of what a feminist/female role model are. The first way that Wonder Woman influenced Steinem was by instilling independence in her.

Comic books were the first things Steinem was able to buy on her own. They were her first grownup act. Buying something without a grownup holding their hands would make any kid feel somewhat powerful and independent. With comic books; Steinem was able to teach herself to read since she wasn’t going to school regularly due to her parent’s constant traveling. Steinem kept on reading comics to gain knowledge. Comics back then were always starring a male superhero saving a helpless female. Reading Wonder Woman comics gave a sense of hope for the female community.

Wonder Woman fought her own battles and never depended on a man for anything and she states, “I can never love a dominant man” (344). Wonder Woman was all about teaching women self respect and not being dependent on a man, so Steinem no longer felt that she needed a man for anything. Wonder Woman was just as strong as any of the male heroes. The fact that men were always viewed as the dominant one in the real world, having a female heroine who was independent meant times was changing. The second way that Wonder Woman has influenced Steinem was on her views of equality.

Wonder Woman never showed favoritism when it came to rescuing. She rescued both men and women. Wonder Woman fought for the humanity of others; therefore she never hurt her enemies, “Instead, she converted them to a belief in equality and peace and respect for the rights of others” (Steinem 343). The only way that villains would get physically hurt was by their own mistake or accident. Wonder Woman fought for gender equality. She believed that both men and women should have equal rights, which is why she fights to change their negative attitudes and thinking towards others.

Steinem also fought for male and female equality. For example, her article on same sex marriage. She believed both men and women should be able to make their own decisions without being ridiculed by others. The third way that Wonder Woman has influenced Steinem was she led her into the direction of being a feminist/ female role model. Wonder Woman being the first feminist and comic book heroine was a big deal. She was the perfect role model for little girls. She was naturally beautiful, wise, strong, independent and everything good.

From reading Wonder Woman comics, Steinem was convinced that women could be a lot more than just pretty and helpless, so she became a feminist and political activist. Wonder Woman gave new meaning to what qualities a hero and role model should have. Wonder Woman was not

like Super Man and the other male heroes. She was born on earth and did not come equipped with super powers. Wonder Woman was human. She and her sister were not born with super human strength and such; they were all trained when they were little. All the powers they had were not given; instead, they came with hard work.

It takes discipline and motivation to bring out one’s true powers. As stated in the text, “with her Amazonian sisters, she had been trained in them from infancy the lesson was that each of us might have unknown powers within us, if we only believed and practiced the” (Steinem 342). Wonder Woman’s powers and skills were all honest. This taught young girls that they did not have to be from a different planet to have power. She taught women that they too can make a difference if they truly wanted and believed that they can. Being who she is made Wonder Woman the perfect candidate to be on the cover of “Ms. ” Magazine.

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Wonder Woman: A Ms. Book

Gloria; et. al. steinem  ( creator ) , gloria steinem  ( introduction ) , phyllis chesler  ( contributor ).

171 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1972

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A Movement Lived and Written

Uncover feminist histories through the archives of gloria steinem..

By Gloria's Foundation

Gloria Steinem's personal archives include over 60 years of photographs, press clippings, writing, handwritten letters, speech drafts, and countless other materials that illuminate a revolutionary movement. Dive in and uncover stories within Gloria's journey, from her earliest writing about dating and fashion to her co-founding of Ms. magazine and beyond.

Crazy Legs Or, The Biography of a Fashion (1964) by Gloria Steinem Gloria's Foundation

Writer and activist Gloria Steinem arrived to New York in the 1960s, hoping to make her mark as a hard-hitting political journalist. She quickly found it wouldn't be so simple.  Gloria describes the low point of her freelance career as this lengthy feature on textured stockings.

How To Find Your Type by Gloria Steinem and 1963 Gloria's Foundation

Despite hundreds of feminist publications cropping up by the early '70s, none were widely spread. To pay the bills and further her career as a journalist, Gloria took commissions about food, fashion and dating - the only topics women were ever assigned at the time.

Funny Ways to Find a Man on the Beach (1963) by Gloria Steinem Gloria's Foundation

Needless to say, the assignments Gloria received starkly contrasted to the political issues she saw, experienced, and wanted to cover in her writing.

Gloria Steinem on working as a woman (1975) by Woman Alive! Gloria's Foundation

In 1975, Gloria reflected on her early writing career for  Woman Alive!  She noted that in her early career, she passed her ideas on to men so they were more likely to be published.

ENTER: New York Magazine

Gloria Steinem earned a spot on New York's founding team with Clay Felker, Jimmy Breslin, Tom Wolfe, and Milton Glaser. With a shoestring budget in hand and editorial vision in mind, the group set out to create a publication that examined New York City’s complexities.

Gloria Steinem and Clay Felker at New York Magazine by Gloria's Foundation Archives Gloria's Foundation

Clay Felker and Gloria Steinem

Before co-founding New York , Clay Felker was Gloria's editor at Esquire.  Gloria said of Felker, "Clay is a walking test area for ideas." 

New York's Inaugural Issue (1968-04-08) by New York Magazine Gloria's Foundation

The  inaugural issue  of  New York  was published on April 8, 1968. Finally, Gloria had the chance to consistently cover political issues in  New York 's City Politic column.

Gloria's Feminist "Click" Moment

In 1969, a hearing regarding the liberalization of abortion rights in New York State took place in Albany. The jury consisted of fourteen men and one nun. In response, the radical feminist group Redstockings organized a speak out in the basement of Washington Square Methodist Church in Greenwich Village. Gloria attended this speak out while conducting research for City Politic.

The speak out turned out to be a watershed moment for Gloria. For the first time, she heard women come together to share their abortion experiences and realized the need for a women's movement. You can listen to the whole speak out  here .

New York Magazine: Gloria Steinem on the Women's Revolution (1969-04-07) by New York Magazine Original Source: New York Magazine

Soon after, Gloria wrote "After Black Power, Women's Liberation" for her political column in  New York .  Scroll to read the groundbreaking piece, which was published in April of 1969.

After Black Power, Women's Liberation (1969-04-04) by Gloria Steinem Gloria's Foundation

Gloria was ignited by her experience in the church basement and continued to meet other feminists who reaffirmed the need for a publication of their own. She made a proposition to New York: to publish the first issue of a magazine written by and for women within the pages of December 1971’s final issue. Clay Felker agreed. New York needed something to catch the public’s attention for their year-end issue, and this would be a test to see if there was any interest in it.

Gloria Steinem at a Ms. Magazine editorial meeting (1973) by Gloria's Foundation Archive Gloria's Foundation

Founding "Ms."

With the green light from  New York , Gloria and a group of women writers and editors rushed to create the Preview Issue. They lacked budget and time, and had the reputation of the movement at stake.

Ms. Etymology Research (1972) by Gloria's Foundation Archive Gloria's Foundation

On Choosing "Ms."

"We chose  Ms.  because it could be explained and justified—since “Mister” or “Mr.” doesn’t communicate a man’s marital status, why should women carry “Miss” or “Mrs.,” as if to advertise their availability as mates?" - Letty Cottin Pogrebin, Founding Editor of  Ms.

Ms. Preview Issue Insert in New York Magazine (1971-12-20) by New York Magazine, Miriam Wosk, and Ms. Magazine Gloria's Foundation

The Preview Issue was inserted into  New York 's 1971 year-end issue. The editors of  Ms.  called it "Spring" to maintain the movement's credibility if the magazine didn't sell.  300,000 copies of the Preview Issue were meant to last for several months. They sold out in 10 days.

Editor's Letter and Preview Issue Cover (1971-12-20) by Clay Felker and Miriam Wosk Gloria's Foundation

Miriam Wosk's Cover Art

"Before we got to the woman with the arms, we were hysterical about how we could get everybody in. What age should she be? What color should she be? Fat? Thin? Glasses? Not? Everything was thought through with such care..." - Letty Cottin Pogrebin

Gloria Steinem and Margaret Sloan (1972-02-14) by Gloria Foundation Archives Gloria's Foundation

Gloria Steinem and Margaret Sloan

Amidst all of this, Gloria began speaking about feminism across the country. Here she is pictured with Margaret Sloan, one of her speaking partners. Margaret was a founder of the National Black Feminist Organization among other political groups, and an early editor of Ms.

Letter from Margaret Sloan Inviting Gloria to Speak (1971) by Margaret Sloan Gloria's Foundation

A personal letter from Margaret to Gloria

Margaret Sloan sent this letter to Gloria in 1971, inviting her to join a march and speak with other feminists.

"Up to then, I’d been a freelance writer... who never wanted to be responsible for anything other than my own rent. But because of what I’d learned on the road, I invited writers and editors to explore starting a feminist magazine that was devoted, in the words of the great Florynce Kennedy, “to making revolution, not just dinner.” When those women also said they had no place to publish what they cared about most, Ms. magazine was born." -Excerpt from My Life on the Road

Ms. Magazine Cover: Wonder Woman for President (1972-07-01) by Ms. Magazine Gloria's Foundation

Breaking Ground

And so, a feminist magazine written by women circulated across the country, informed by the activism of Gloria and many others. Explore some of the topics that Ms . brought to mainstream media for the first time, like abortion and household workers' rights.

"We have had abortions" (1972) by Ms. Magazine Gloria's Foundation

"We have had abortions"

53 public figures signed this petition which ran in the Preview Issue in 1972, when abortion was still illegal. Today, you can sign the petition, which  Ms.  has renewed in the wake of nationwide attacks on abortion rights and reproductive freedom in 2022,  here .

Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber Interviews Simone de Beauvoir (1975) by Filosofi för Gymnasiet Gloria's Foundation

Manifesto of the 343

"We have had abortions" was inspired by Manifesto of the 343 in France. Simone de Beauvoir describes the impact of Manifesto of the 343, a declaration signed by 343 women in France declaring they had illegal abortions.  Le Nouvel Observateur  published it in 1971.

Letter to Hannah Arendt (1971-10-22) by Gloria Steinem and Barbara Diamonstein Gloria's Foundation

Letter to Hannah Arendt

This is a typed letter from Gloria Steinem and Barbara Diamonstein to Hannah Arendt asking if she would be willing to sign "We have had abortions." Arendt was a Holocaust survivor and political philosopher who authored The Human Condition , among other key 20th-century texts.

Household Workers Rights (1973-02) by Josephine Hulett and Janet Dewart Bell Gloria's Foundation

Household Rights

Janet Dewart Bell interviewed Josephine Hulett, field director of the National Committee on Household Employment, about her fight to include household workers under federal minimum wage laws.  Listen to Dr. Bell reflect on how this article and Gloria's editing shaped her writing.

Lighting the Fires of Freedom (2020) by Janet Dewart Bell Gloria's Foundation

Dr. Janet Dewart Bell's first nationally published essay with Josephine Hulett ran in Ms. in 1973 on women's household rights. Her book  Lighting the Fires of Freedom  is a collection of oral histories of the Black women who led the Civil Rights Movement.

Letters to Ms.

Gloria recalls receiving "bags and bags full of letters" in response to the Preview Issue, affirming that there was a need for a feminist magazine in the mainstream. The editors continued to receive letters that acted as a form of correspondence and consciousness-raising across the feminist community.

A letter to Ms. Magazine from Senator Barbara Mikulski (1987-07-30) by Barbara A. Mikulski Gloria's Foundation

US Senator Barbara A. Mikulski sent this letter to Mary Thom, containing a poem on "Ms." the term and demonstrating its impact -- at the time, Mikulski was not only "Ms. Mikulski" but "Senator Mikulski."

Handwritten Letter from a Ms. Reader (2020-10) Gloria's Foundation

This is one of thousands of handwritten letters to Gloria. The writer highlights the personal impact that  Ms.  had on her life, from her 7th grade school reports to her Peace Corps experience.

A letter to Gloria from Cathy Guisewite, a Ms. reader, writer and cartoonist (2018-01-26) by Cathy Guisewite Gloria's Foundation

Ms.  readers often recount their experiences of first holding the magazine. This letter, from Cathy Guisewite, evokes the experiences of many readers in the 1970s when they read  Ms. : excitement, hope, and possibility.

Cathy Comic Strip (1998-03-25) by Cathy Guisewite Gloria's Foundation

Cathy Guisewite, the author of that letter, has drawn and published tens of thousands of comics about womanhood.   “Cathy” ran daily in newspapers from 1976 to 2010. Scroll to read a few of these strips.

Cathy Comic Strip (1996-10-04) by Cathy Guisewite Gloria's Foundation

Cathy Comic Strip (2002-06-24) by Cathy Guisewite Gloria's Foundation

Fifty Things That Aren't My Fault (2019) by Cathy Guisewite Gloria's Foundation

In 2019, Cathy's book Fifty Things That Aren't My Fault  was published. This is the book that Cathy wrote to Gloria about in 2018, citing Ms.  as a launch point for her writing and feminism.

The lasting impact of Ms.  shines through not just what the readers have gone on to do, but through the enduring friendships of the early writers and editors. Watch Suzanne Braun Levine and the early editors of  Ms. discuss the importance of their relationships with each other.

Despite the challenges at the start of her career, Gloria amassed a portfolio more expansive than she could have ever imagined. She has published an array of bestselling books, including her memoir My Life on the Road . Her lifelong love of quotes has formalized into The Truth Will Set You Free, But First It Will Piss You Off! , a book of quotes and reflections on her own life. Gloria's life has taken countless unexpected turns, but her love of writing has always remained a constant.

Gloria's Books (1963/2019) by Gloria Steinem Gloria's Foundation

"Writing is the only thing that, when I do it, I don't feel I should be doing something else." Gloria Steinem

Would you like to share a story with us?

If you have been impacted or inspired by Gloria's writing journey and Ms. magazine, please share with us by filling out this form .

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Super Role Model

The evolution of wonder woman..

A collage of the original Wonder Woman.

Vaquero Films

At last, in a world torn apart by th e hatreds and wars of men, appears a woman to whom the problems and fears of men are mere child’s play . . . she is known only as  WONDE R WOMAN.

Wonder Woman was introduced with these words in December 1941. Just as American men left their homes for the battlefields, and millions of American women left their homes for the workforce, Wonder Woman left the safety of her all-female home on Paradise Island for “Man’s World.” Her mission was to teach the virtues of peace and love during the dark days of war.

A princess, a goddess, and an Amazon dressed patriotically in red boots, a blue skirt with white stars, and a red bustier with a gold eagle emblem, Wonder Woman extolled the virtues of democracy. She used her super powers and arsenal of awesome weapons—bullet-deflecting bracelets, a tiara that can be thrown like a boomerang, an invisible plane, and a golden lasso that compelled those in its snare to tell the truth—to fight for peace, jus- tice, and “liberty and freedom for all womankind.” With strength and confidence equal to her male counterparts, namely Batman and Superman, Wonder Woman defeated Nazis, underground mole men, and super villains with- out violence, but with reason, persistence, and compassion. Only when that failed did she resort to force or her magic lasso. She was resolute: “I can make bad men good, and weak women strong!”

Wonder Woman became a positive feminine symbol during the Golden Age of Comics, a time of quantum leaps in readership, with some series selling more than a million copies per issue. Author and activist Gloria Steinem recalls, “As a little girl, Wonder Woman was the only female superhero, so she was irresistible. She was literally the only game in town, the only hero that made you feel good about yourself.”

But times would change, and so would Wonder Woman. Steinem and others explore the cultural shift of Wonder Woman and other female icons in  W onder Women! The Untold Story of American Superheroines,  a documentary by Kristy Guevara-Flanagan and Kelcey Edwards and supported by Cal Humanities, which has aired on PBS and is being screened at venues across the country. Director Guevara-Flanagan says, “I loved the idea of looking at something as populist as comics to reveal our cultural obsessions, and in particular, how women’s roles have changed over time.”

Wonder Woman was the creation of William Moulton Marston, a Harvard-trained psychologist famous for inventing the systolic blood-pressure test, a forerunner to the modern polygraph. “He observed that there were no strong positive images in comics for girls,” says author Trina Robbins. “As he said: ‘No one wants to be a girl. Even girls don’t want to be girls.’”

When he shared his idea with his wife, Elizabeth, for a new type of comic book hero, one who would triumph with love, not violence, she replied, “Fine. But make her a woman.” In her debut, Wonder Woman is described “as lovely as Aphrodite, as wise as Athena, with the speed of Mercury and the strength of Hercules.”

The series was a huge success for DC Comics until Marston’s death in 1947, around the same time women were leaving the workforce to become homemakers once again. Wonder Woman no longer fought the good fight, instead she became a romance editor of a women’s magazine; her superhero skills and confidence vanished. In a thought balloon, she says, “Next to these Wonder Men—I’m not a Wonder Woman!”

In the 1960s, Wonder Woman was given a male mentor, gave up her Amazonian powers, dressed in modern clothing, opened a boutique, and fought crime in her spare time. “Wonder Woman comics became sappy love stories, in which she was weak and wimpy,” says Robbins.

When Steinem learned that Wonder Woman “had fallen on hard times,” she lobbied DC Comics to restore her superpowers. With some reluctance, they agreed. Steinem remembers “the person in charge of Wonder Woman calling me up from DC Comics. He said, ‘Okay. She has her magical powers back, her lasso, her bracelets, she has Paradise Island back, and she has a black African Amazon sister named Nubia. Now will you leave me alone!’” In 1972, Steinem placed the original Wonder Woman on the first regular cover of  Ms .  Magazine under a bold-faced  banner reading, “Wonder Woman for President.”

In 1975, actress Lynda Carter took on the iconic role for television, paving the way for strong female protagonists that would include the Bionic Woman, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Xena: Warrior Princess, and Ripley from the  Alie n  movies.

In the world of blockbuster superhero movies, Wonder Woman has yet to get the same treatment as other male superheroes. But many believe there is an audience greedy for Wonder Woman. “All of us, kids and adults, need role models we can look up to, and superheroes fill the bill,” says Robbins. “It’s a rare girl or woman who picks, say, Batman, as a role model, but we can relate to a strong, brave, and beautiful Amazon princess, especially if her stories tell us that we too can be superheroes.”

Laura Wolff Scanlan is a writer in Wheaton, Illinois.

July/August 2013

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Gloria Steinem And Julie OReilly's Wonder Woman

Gloria Steinem And Julie O'Reilly's Wonder Woman

Gloria Steinem and Julie O'Reilly both have made significant contributions to the feminist movement, and their work has had a profound impact on society. In particular, their perspectives on the iconic character of Wonder Woman have shed light on the importance of representation and empowerment for women. Steinem, a prominent feminist activist, writer, and co-founder of Ms. magazine, has long been an advocate for gender equality. In the 1970s, she famously featured Wonder Woman on the cover of Ms. magazine, recognizing the character as a symbol of female strength and independence. O'Reilly, a scholar of literature and gender studies, has also explored the cultural significance of Wonder Woman, delving into the character's evolution and her role as a feminist icon.

Gloria Steinem's admiration for Wonder Woman stems from the character's portrayal as a powerful and independent woman. In her writings, Steinem highlighted the significance of Wonder Woman as a feminist role model, emphasizing her physical strength, intelligence, and compassion. Steinem saw in Wonder Woman a representation of the capabilities and virtues of women, challenging traditional gender roles and inspiring girls and women to embrace their inner strength. By featuring Wonder Woman on the cover of Ms. magazine, Steinem aimed to reclaim the character from her male-dominated origins and present her as a symbol of female empowerment.

Julie O'Reilly's analysis of Wonder Woman delves into the character's cultural impact and how she embodies feminist ideals. O'Reilly's work examines the evolution of Wonder Woman from her creation in the 1940s to the present day, highlighting the character's significance as a feminist icon. O'Reilly emphasizes the importance of representation in popular culture and how Wonder Woman has become a symbol of female strength and resilience. Through her scholarly research, O'Reilly sheds light on the ways in which Wonder Woman has inspired and empowered women, transcending the realm of fiction to become a cultural phenomenon.

In conclusion, Gloria Steinem and Julie O'Reilly have both contributed to the understanding of Wonder Woman as a feminist symbol. Their work has shed light on the character's cultural significance, portraying her as a powerful and empowering figure for women. Through their writings and advocacy, Steinem and O'Reilly have celebrated Wonder Woman as a symbol of female strength, independence, and resilience, inspiring generations of women to embrace their own power and potential.

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A Feminist Analysis Of Wonder Woman And Dianna

Wonder Woman, a beloved superheroine created by William Moulton Marston, has captivated audiences for decades with her strength, compassion, and unwavering commitment to justice. In this essay, we will delve into a feminist analysis of Wonder Woman, exploring how she challenges traditional gender roles, empowers women, and promotes equality. First and foremost, Wonder Woman's character challenges traditional gender roles by defying stereotypes and expectations. Unlike many female superheroes who are portrayed as sidekicks or damsels in distress, Wonder Woman stands as a symbol of female empowerment and agency. She possesses incredible physical strength, intelligence, and leadership skills, proving that women are just as capable as men in positions of power and influence. Furthermore, Wonder Woman's origin story and mythology embody feminist themes. Raised on the island of Themyscira, an all-female society, she represents a matriarchal society where women are independent, strong, and self-reliant. This challenges the patriarchal norms prevalent in our society and encourages women to embrace their inner strength and potential. In addition to challenging gender roles, Wonder Woman also empowers women by inspiring them to embrace their own power and self-worth. Through her actions and words, she encourages women to be confident, assertive, and unapologetic about their abilities. She teaches us that strength comes not only from physical power but also from compassion, empathy, and the willingness to fight for what is right. Moreover, Wonder Woman's portrayal as a compassionate and nurturing superheroine challenges the notion that strength and femininity are mutually exclusive. She demonstrates that it is possible to be strong and caring, fierce and compassionate, all at the same time. This serves as a powerful message to both men and women, breaking down the stereotypes that limit our understanding of what it means to be a hero. Wonder Woman's impact on popular culture cannot be overstated. She has become an icon of female empowerment and a symbol of hope for women around the world. Her presence in films, comics, and other media has allowed her message of equality and justice to reach a wide audience, sparking conversations and inspiring change. In conclusion, Wonder Woman's character and story provide a powerful feminist analysis. Through her defiance of gender roles, her empowerment of women, and her embodiment of strength and compassion, Wonder Woman challenges societal norms and inspires us to strive for a more equal and just world. She reminds us that anyone, regardless of gender, has the power to make a difference and fight for what they believe in. Wonder Woman truly is a feminist icon for the ages....

• Social Issues

Analysis Of Wonder Woman

In the realm of contemporary cinema, few characters have garnered as much attention and acclaim as Wonder Woman. As a cultural icon, she transcends the boundaries of mere entertainment, symbolizing empowerment, resilience, and the triumph of justice. A critical analysis of Wonder Woman delves beyond the surface of a superhero narrative, exploring its thematic depth, socio-political implications, and its significance in the context of gender representation in media. At its core, Wonder Woman embodies the archetype of the hero's journey, a narrative framework that traces the evolution of a protagonist from ordinary to extraordinary. Diana Prince, also known as Wonder Woman, embarks on a quest to vanquish evil, guided by her unwavering commitment to truth and compassion. Her journey parallels the collective aspirations of humanity, resonating with audiences on a visceral level. Through her trials and tribulations, Wonder Woman emerges not only as a symbol of physical prowess but also as a beacon of moral integrity—a testament to the enduring power of virtue in the face of adversity. Moreover, Wonder Woman serves as a catalyst for discourse on gender representation in popular culture. In an industry historically dominated by male protagonists, her prominence signifies a paradigm shift towards inclusivity and gender equality. The portrayal of Wonder Woman as a multifaceted character—both strong and vulnerable, compassionate yet resolute—challenges conventional stereotypes and redefines the parameters of female agency. By subverting traditional gender roles, Wonder Woman empowers audiences of all genders to embrace their inner strength and embrace the full spectrum of human potential. Furthermore, the socio-political undertones of Wonder Woman cannot be overlooked. Set against the backdrop of World War I, the film juxtaposes the brutality of warfare with the ideals of justice and compassion embodied by its titular heroine. Through her interactions with mortals, Wonder Woman confronts the complexities of human nature, navigating moral ambiguity with grace and conviction. In doing so, the film imparts a poignant message about the importance of empathy and understanding in the pursuit of peace—a message that resonates far beyond the confines of the silver screen. In conclusion, the analysis of Wonder Woman reveals a narrative rich in symbolism, relevance, and cultural significance. As a paragon of heroism and a champion of equality, Wonder Woman transcends the boundaries of genre, captivating audiences with her timeless appeal and universal themes. Through her journey, we are reminded of the transformative power of storytelling to inspire, uplift, and unite us in our shared humanity....

Analysis Of Gloria Anzaldua 's Poem, The And English, A Multicultural Woman And The Struggles

Analysis of Gloria Anzaldua's Poem "The" Gloria Anzaldua's poem "The" is a powerful exploration of identity, language, and cultural heritage. Through vivid imagery and emotive language, Anzaldua delves into the complexities of being a marginalized individual in a society that often imposes rigid boundaries and labels. The poem challenges traditional notions of identity and celebrates the fluidity and resilience of the human spirit. One of the central themes in Anzaldua's poem is the concept of "borderlands," both literal and metaphorical. The borderlands represent the spaces where different cultures, languages, and identities intersect. Anzaldua navigates these borderlands with courage and defiance, refusing to be confined by societal expectations or stereotypes. Instead, she embraces the hybridity of her identity, embracing her mestiza heritage and the multiplicity of voices within her. Language plays a crucial role in "The," reflecting Anzaldua's experiences as a bilingual individual straddling multiple linguistic worlds. She challenges the dominance of English and celebrates the richness of Spanish and indigenous languages, highlighting the power dynamics inherent in linguistic imperialism. Through her poetry, Anzaldua asserts the right to speak in her own voice, in her own language, reclaiming agency and self-expression. Anzaldua's imagery is visceral and evocative, painting a vivid picture of the struggles and triumphs of marginalized communities. She uses metaphors of wounds and healing, of borders and bridges, to convey the complexities of identity formation and cultural resistance. The poem resonates with readers who have experienced marginalization or oppression, offering a message of empowerment and solidarity. In conclusion, Gloria Anzaldua's poem "The" is a profound exploration of identity, language, and cultural resilience. Through her powerful imagery, linguistic play, and unapologetic voice, Anzaldua invites readers to confront and challenge societal norms and hierarchies. "The" stands as a testament to the enduring strength of those who refuse to be confined by borders, both physical and metaphorical, and who embrace the beauty of their hybrid identities....

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Advertising And Gloria Steinem's Sex, Lies, And Advertising

Advertising is a powerful tool that has the ability to shape societal norms and influence consumer behavior. In Gloria Steinem's essay "Sex, Lies, and Advertising," she delves into the world of advertising and its impact on women. Steinem highlights the ways in which advertising perpetuates harmful stereotypes and promotes unrealistic beauty standards. She argues that advertising often portrays women as objects to be consumed, rather than as individuals with agency and autonomy. One of the key points Steinem makes in her essay is the idea that advertising creates a culture of discontentment among women. By bombarding consumers with images of unattainable beauty and perfection, advertising sets unrealistic standards that can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Women are constantly told that they need to buy products in order to be desirable or successful, reinforcing the idea that their worth is tied to their appearance. This constant pressure to conform to societal ideals can have damaging effects on women's mental and emotional well-being. Furthermore, Steinem argues that advertising perpetuates harmful gender stereotypes by portraying women in limited and often degrading roles. Women are often depicted as passive objects of desire, existing solely for the pleasure of men. This narrow representation not only limits women's opportunities for self-expression and empowerment but also reinforces harmful power dynamics between the sexes. By perpetuating these stereotypes, advertising contributes to a culture of sexism and inequality that can have far-reaching consequences for women in society. In conclusion, Gloria Steinem's essay sheds light on the ways in which advertising can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and perpetuate unrealistic beauty standards. By critically examining the messages and images presented in advertising, we can begin to challenge the status quo and work towards creating a more inclusive and empowering media landscape. It is essential that we continue to question and critique the ways in which advertising influences our perceptions of gender and beauty, in order to create a more equitable and just society for all....

• Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

Wonder Woman As A Hero

Wonder Woman, an iconic figure in the realm of superheroes, embodies the epitome of heroism through her unwavering commitment to justice, compassion, and strength. Created by William Moulton Marston in 1941, she has evolved into a symbol of empowerment, inspiring generations with her courage and resilience. One of Wonder Woman's most notable characteristics is her sense of justice. Unlike many superheroes who operate within the confines of specific cities, Wonder Woman's dedication to truth and fairness transcends borders. She fights not only to protect her homeland, Themyscira, but also to defend the innocent and uphold justice wherever it is threatened. Her unwavering moral compass serves as a guiding light, inspiring others to stand up for what is right. Furthermore, Wonder Woman's compassion sets her apart as a hero. Despite her incredible strength and prowess in battle, she always seeks to resolve conflicts without resorting to violence. Her empathy towards both friend and foe alike showcases her belief in the inherent goodness of humanity, even in the face of adversity. This compassionate approach not only endears her to those she protects but also serves as a reminder of the power of empathy in fostering understanding and peace. Moreover, Wonder Woman's strength is not merely physical but also emotional and mental. She faces numerous challenges and setbacks throughout her journey, yet she never wavers in her commitment to her principles. Her resilience in the face of adversity serves as a beacon of hope for others, reminding them that even in their darkest moments, they have the strength within themselves to persevere and overcome. In conclusion, Wonder Woman stands as a shining example of what it means to be a hero. Through her sense of justice, compassion, and unwavering strength, she inspires individuals around the world to strive for a better tomorrow. As we continue to navigate the complexities of the modern world, Wonder Woman's legacy reminds us that true heroism lies not in the feats of strength, but in the courage to stand up for what is right, no matter the cost....

Wonder Woman Hero

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• Sociology of Gender

Female-Centric Film: Wonder Woman

The film industry has long been criticized for its lack of representation and empowerment of women. However, in recent years, there has been a notable shift towards more female-centric narratives, with one standout example being the film *Wonder Woman*. Directed by Patty Jenkins and starring Gal Gadot in the titular role, *Wonder Woman* broke barriers and shattered stereotypes upon its release in 2017. The portrayal of Wonder Woman as a strong, independent, and compassionate superhero resonated deeply with audiences worldwide. Unlike many female characters in traditional superhero films, Wonder Woman was not relegated to the role of a sidekick or love interest. Instead, she was the driving force behind the narrative, demonstrating courage, resilience, and unwavering determination in the face of adversity. One of the most striking aspects of *Wonder Woman* is its emphasis on female empowerment. The film celebrates the strength and abilities of women, both physically and emotionally, without reducing them to mere objects of desire. From her origins on the Amazonian island of Themyscira to her journey into the world of mortals, Wonder Woman defies societal expectations and proves that women are more than capable of being heroes in their own right. Moreover, *Wonder Woman* challenges traditional gender roles and stereotypes, presenting a refreshing and much-needed alternative to the male-dominated narratives that have dominated the superhero genre for decades. By placing a female character at the forefront of the story and allowing her to be complex, flawed, and multifaceted, the film sends a powerful message about the importance of representation and diversity in media. In addition to its groundbreaking portrayal of its female protagonist, *Wonder Woman* also features a diverse cast of characters, including women from different backgrounds and cultures. This diversity not only adds depth to the story but also reinforces the idea that strength comes in many forms and can be found in all people, regardless of gender or ethnicity. In conclusion, *Wonder Woman* stands as a testament to the power of female-centric storytelling in the film industry. Through its portrayal of a strong and independent female superhero, the film inspires audiences to challenge stereotypes, embrace diversity, and believe in the strength of women. As Hollywood continues to evolve, it is films like *Wonder Woman* that pave the way for a more inclusive and representative future....

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Wonder Woman Vs Hippolyta

Wonder Woman vs. Hippolyta The dynamic between Wonder Woman and her mother, Hippolyta, is a fascinating exploration of maternal influence, legacy, and individual identity within the realm of superhero mythology. Their relationship embodies the complexities of familial bonds and the struggle between tradition and personal autonomy. As one of the most iconic mother-daughter duos in comic book history, Wonder Woman and Hippolyta provide a rich narrative backdrop for examining themes of duty, destiny, and self-discovery. At the heart of their dynamic lies the tension between tradition and modernity. Hippolyta, as the queen of the Amazons and Wonder Woman's mother, represents the traditional values and customs of their ancient civilization. She is deeply rooted in the ways of Themyscira, a paradise island isolated from the outside world. Hippolyta's primary concern is the preservation of Amazonian culture and the protection of her people from external threats. Her worldview is shaped by centuries of tradition, and she sees herself as a guardian of her people's heritage. In contrast, Wonder Woman, also known as Diana Prince, embodies a more contemporary ethos. As a superhero and ambassador of peace, she operates in the world beyond Themyscira, engaging with modern society and confronting global challenges. Diana's journey is one of self-discovery and empowerment, as she navigates her dual identity as both an Amazonian princess and a champion for justice. While she respects her mother's wisdom and guidance, Diana ultimately forges her own path, embracing her role as a beacon of hope and compassion in a troubled world. Their relationship is further complicated by the legacy of Wonder Woman's birth. In many iterations of the character's origin story, Diana is depicted as a clay sculpture brought to life by the gods, a miraculous creation conceived without a father. This unconventional origin adds another layer of complexity to her bond with Hippolyta, as it raises questions about identity, destiny, and the nature of motherhood. Wonder Woman's existence challenges traditional notions of lineage and inheritance, as she transcends biological ties to embody the ideals of heroism and sacrifice. Despite their differences, Wonder Woman and Hippolyta share a deep love and mutual respect for one another. Their relationship is characterized by moments of tension and conflict, but also by moments of profound understanding and solidarity. Ultimately, their bond transcends the roles of mother and daughter, evolving into a partnership based on shared values and a commitment to justice. In the end, Wonder Woman and Hippolyta stand as equals, each contributing to the legacy of the Amazons in her own unique way....

• Greek Mythology

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Wonder Woman Hardcover – January 1, 1977

• Publisher Bonanza Books
• Publication date January 1, 1977
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• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Bonanza Books (January 1, 1977)
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 051718687X
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Gloria Steinem and Wonder Woman

3 Pages 694 Words November 2014

Gloria Steinem’s essay “Wonder Woman” explains how the comic book character, Wonder Woman, impacted her life while she was growing up. During the 1900's, the world was a very sexist place. The comic book heroine Wonder Woman influenced Steinem into becoming a feminist and political activist in many ways. Wonder Woman influenced Steinem’s views on independence, equality, and the qualities of what a feminist/female role model are. The first way that Wonder Woman influenced Steinem was by instilling independence in her. Comic books were the first things Steinem was able to buy on her own. They were her first grownup act. Buying something without a grownup holding their hands would make any kid feel somewhat powerful and independent. With comic books; Steinem was able to teach herself to read since she wasn’t going to school regularly due to her parent’s constant traveling. Steinem kept on reading comics to gain knowledge. Comics back then were always starring a male superhero saving a helpless female. Reading Wonder Woman comics gave a sense of hope for the female community. Wonder Woman fought her own battles and never depended on a man for anything and she states, “I can never love a dominant man” (344). Wonder Woman was all about teaching women self respect and not being dependent on a man, so Steinem no longer felt that she needed a man for anything. Wonder Woman was just as strong as any of the male heroes. The fact that men were always viewed as the dominant one in the real world, having a female heroine who was independent meant times was changing. The second way that Wonder Woman has influenced Steinem was on her views of equality. Wonder Woman never showed favoritism when it came to rescuing. She rescued both men and women. Wonder Woman fought for the humanity of others; therefore she never hurt her enemies, “Instead, she converted them to a belief in equality and peace and respect for the rights of others” (...

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