computer research scientist definition

• Job Search Advice
• Interviewing
• Login/Register
• Career Profiles and Employment Projections
• Computer and Information Research Scientists: Jobs, Career, Salary and Education Information

Computer and Information Research Scientists

Career, salary and education information.

What They Do : Computer and information research scientists invent and design new approaches to computing technology and find innovative uses for existing technology.

Work Environment : Most computer and information research scientists work full time. Some work more than 40 hours per week.

How to Become One : Most jobs for computer and information research scientists require a master’s degree in computer science or a related field. In the federal government, a bachelor’s degree may be sufficient for some jobs.

Salary : The median annual wage for computer and information research scientists is $131,490.

Job Outlook : Employment of computer and information research scientists is projected to grow 21 percent over the next ten years, much faster than the average for all occupations.

Related Careers : Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of computer and information research scientists with similar occupations.

Following is everything you need to know about a career as a computer or information research scientist with lots of details. As a first step, take a look at some of the following jobs, which are real jobs with real employers. You will be able to see the very real job career requirements for employers who are actively hiring. The link will open in a new tab so that you can come back to this page to continue reading about the career:

Top 3 Computer Scientist Jobs

Bachelors degree in Computer Science or related discipline from an accredited college or university is required. Four (4) years of additional SWE experience on projects with similar software ...

Interact smoothly with scientists , computer scientists , and informatics/IT staff, both internally and externally

Master of Science in Systems Engineering, Computer Engineering, Electrical Eng

See all Computer Scientist jobs

Top 3 Information Research Scientist Jobs

Translational Research Scientist South San Francisco, CA 94080 23 months Qualifications : Required ... image-related information for analysis, facilitating smooth collaboration between teams

Lead and establish best practices for various research activities including data collection ... information , or political affiliation. We are committed to improving equity in healthcare and ...

Direct and develop scholarly research on several critical topics if desired * Engage in public ... Participate in additional departmental or hospital administration if desired Community Information ...

See all Information Research Scientist jobs

What Computer and Information Research Scientists Do [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

Computer and information research scientists invent and design new approaches to computing technology and find innovative uses for existing technology. They study and solve complex problems in computing for business, science, medicine, and other fields.

Duties of Computer and Information Research Scientists

Computer and information research scientists typically do the following:

• Explore fundamental issues in computing and develop theories and models to address those issues
• Help scientists and engineers solve complex computing problems
• Invent new computing languages, tools, and methods to improve the way in which people work with computers
• Develop and improve the software systems that form the basis of the modern computing experience
• Design experiments to test the operation of these software systems
• Analyze the results of their experiments
• Publish their findings in academic journals and present their findings at conferences

Computer and information research scientists create and improve computer software and hardware.

Creating and improving software involves working with algorithms, which are sets of instructions that tell a computer what to do. Some computing tasks are very difficult and require complex algorithms. Computer and information research scientists try to simplify these algorithms to make computer systems as efficient as possible. The algorithms allow advancements in many types of technology, such as machine learning systems and cloud computing.

Computer and information research scientists design new computer architecture that improves the performance and efficiency of computer hardware. Their work often leads to technological advancements and efficiencies, such as better networking technology, faster computing speeds, and improved information security. In general, computer and information research scientists work at a more theoretical level than do other computer professionals.

Some computer scientists work with electrical engineers , computer hardware engineers , and other specialists on multidisciplinary projects. The following are examples of types of specialties for computer and information research scientists:

Data science. Computer and information research scientists write algorithms that are used to detect and analyze patterns in very large datasets. They improve ways to sort, manage, and display data. Computer scientists build algorithms into software packages that make the data easier for analysts to use. For example, they may create an algorithm to analyze a very large set of medical data in order to find new ways to treat diseases. They may also look for patterns in traffic data to help clear accidents faster.

Robotics . Some computer and information research scientists study how to improve robots. Robotics explores how a machine can interact with the physical world. Computer and information research scientists create the programs that control the robots. They work closely with engineers who focus on the hardware design of robots. Together, these workers test how well the robots do the tasks they were created to do, such as assemble cars or collect data on other planets.

Programming . Computer and information research scientists design new programming languages that are used to write software. The new languages make software writing more efficient by improving an existing language, such as Java, or by making a specific aspect of programming, such as image processing, easier.

Work Environment for Computer and Information Research Scientists [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

Computer and information research scientists hold about 33,500 jobs. The largest employers of computer and information research scientists are as follows:

Some scientists collaborate with engineers or other specialists or research scientists in different locations and do much of their work online.

Computer and Information Research Scientist Work Schedules

Most computer and information research scientists work full time.

How to Become a Computer or Information Research Scientist [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

Get the education you need: Find schools for Computer and Information Research Scientists near you!

Most jobs for computer and information research scientists require a master's degree in computer science or a related field. In the federal government, a bachelor's degree may be sufficient for some jobs.

Education for Computer and Information Research Scientists

Most computer and information research scientists need a master's degree in computer science or a related field, such as computer engineering. A master's degree usually requires 2 to 3 years of study after earning a bachelor's degree in a computer-related field, such as computer science or information systems.

Computer scientists who work in a specialized field may need knowledge of that field. For example, those working on biomedical applications may need to have taken some biology classes.

Advancement for Computer and Information Research Scientists

Some computer scientists may become computer and information systems managers .

Important Qualities for Computer and Information Research Scientists

Analytical skills. Computer and information research scientists must be organized in their thinking and analyze the results of their research to formulate conclusions.

Communication skills. Computer and information research scientists must communicate well with programmers and managers and be able to clearly explain their conclusions to people with no technical background. They often present their research at conferences.

Critical-thinking skills. Computer and information research scientists work on many complex problems.

Detail oriented. Computer and information research scientists must pay close attention to their work, because a small programming error can cause an entire project to fail.

Ingenuity. Computer and information research scientists must continually come up with innovative ways to solve problems, particularly when their ideas do not initially work as intended.

Logical thinking. Computer algorithms rely on logic. Computer and information research scientists must have a talent for reasoning.

Math skills. Computer and information research scientists must have knowledge of advanced math and other technical topics that are critical in computing.

Computer and Information Research Scientist Salaries [ About this section ] [ More salary/earnings info ] [ To Top ]

The median annual wage for computer and information research scientists is $131,490. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $74,210, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $208,000.

The median annual wages for computer and information research scientists in the top industries in which they work are as follows:

Job Outlook for Computer and Information Research Scientists [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

Employment of computer and information research scientists is projected to grow 21 percent over the next ten years, much faster than the average for all occupations.

About 3,300 openings for computer and information research scientists are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.

Employment of Computer and Information Research Scientists

The research and development conducted by computer and information research scientists turn ideas into technology. As demand for new and better technology grows, demand for computer and information research scientists will grow as well.

Rapid growth in data collection by businesses will lead to an increased need for data-mining services. Computer and information research scientists will be needed to write algorithms that help businesses make sense of very large amounts of data.

A growing emphasis on cybersecurity also should lead to new jobs because computer and information research scientists will be needed to find innovative ways to prevent potential cyberattacks. In addition, an increase in demand for software may increase the need for computer and information research scientists who create new programming languages to make software writing more efficient.

Careers Related to Computer and Information Research Scientists [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

Computer and information systems managers.

Computer and information systems managers, often called information technology (IT) managers or IT project managers, plan, coordinate, and direct computer-related activities in an organization. They help determine the information technology goals of an organization and are responsible for implementing computer systems to meet those goals.

Computer Hardware Engineers

Computer hardware engineers research, design, develop, and test computer systems and components such as processors, circuit boards, memory devices, networks, and routers.

Computer Network Architects

Computer network architects design and build data communication networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and Intranets. These networks range from small connections between two offices to next-generation networking capabilities such as a cloud infrastructure that serves multiple customers.

Computer Programmers

Computer programmers write and test code that allows computer applications and software programs to function properly. They turn the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow.

Computer Systems Analysts

Computer systems analysts, sometimes called systems architects, study an organization's current computer systems and procedures, and design solutions to help the organization operate more efficiently and effectively. They bring business and information technology (IT) together by understanding the needs and limitations of both.

Database Administrators

Database administrators (DBAs) use specialized software to store and organize data, such as financial information and customer shipping records. They make sure that data are available to users and secure from unauthorized access.

Data Scientists

Data scientists use analytical tools and techniques to extract meaningful insights from data.

Information Security Analysts

Information security analysts plan and carry out security measures to protect an organization's computer networks and systems. Their responsibilities are continually expanding as the number of cyberattacks increases.

Network and Computer Systems Administrators

Computer networks are critical parts of almost every organization. Network and computer systems administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of these networks.

Software Developers

Software developers are the creative minds behind computer programs. Some develop the applications that allow people to do specific tasks on a computer or another device. Others develop the underlying systems that run the devices or that control networks.

Web Developers

Web developers design and create websites. They are responsible for the look of the site. They are also responsible for the site's technical aspects, such as its performance and capacity, which are measures of a website's speed and how much traffic the site can handle. In addition, web developers may create content for the site.

Top Executives

Top executives devise strategies and policies to ensure that an organization meets its goals. They plan, direct, and coordinate operational activities of companies and organizations.

More Computer and Information Research Scientist Information [ About this section ] [ To Top ]

For more information about computer and information research scientists, visit

Association for Computing Machinery

IEEE Computer Society

For information about opportunities for women pursuing information technology careers, visit

National Center for Women & Information Technology

A portion of the information on this page is used by permission of the U.S. Department of Labor.

Explore more careers: View all Careers or the Top 30 Career Profiles

Search for jobs:.

What does a computer scientist do?

Would you make a good computer scientist? Take our career test and find your match with over 800 careers.

What is a Computer Scientist?

A computer scientist specializes in the study and application of computer technology, algorithms, and computational systems. Their expertise spans a wide range of areas within computer science, including software development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, machine learning, networking, and more.

Computer scientists work to solve complex problems, create innovative solutions, and advance the capabilities of computers and technology. They are involved in designing and developing software applications, systems, and algorithms that power modern technology and drive innovation in various industries. They may also conduct research to push the boundaries of computer science, exploring new frontiers such as quantum computing, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence.

What does a Computer Scientist do?

Computer scientists play a vital role in shaping the digital landscape, contributing to the development of cutting-edge technologies that impact everyday life, from smartphones and social media to self-driving cars and medical advancements. Their work helps to address critical challenges, improve efficiency, and enhance the quality of life in our increasingly technology-driven world.

Duties and Responsibilities The duties and responsibilities of a computer scientist can vary depending on their specific role, specialization, and the industry they work in. However, some common duties and responsibilities include:

• Research and Development: Conducting research to explore and develop new technologies, algorithms, and approaches to solving computational problems.
• Software Development: Designing, coding, testing, and maintaining software applications, systems, and programs to meet specific requirements and functionality.
• Data Analysis and Interpretation: Analyzing and interpreting large datasets using statistical and machine learning techniques to derive meaningful insights and patterns.
• Algorithm Design and Optimization: Creating and refining algorithms for tasks like data sorting, searching, pattern recognition, and optimization.
• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Working on AI and machine learning projects, developing models, and implementing solutions for tasks like natural language processing, image recognition, and predictive analysis.
• Network Management: Designing and managing computer networks to ensure efficient data communication and security.
• Cybersecurity: Implementing security measures to protect computer systems, networks, and data from potential threats and attacks.
• Hardware Development: Working on the design and optimization of computer hardware components and systems.
• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): Studying and improving the usability and user experience of computer systems and interfaces.
• Project Management: Leading or participating in projects, collaborating with teams, setting deadlines, and ensuring successful project completion.
• Teaching and Education: Sharing knowledge and expertise through teaching and mentoring students or colleagues in academic or corporate settings.
• Troubleshooting and Technical Support: Identifying and resolving technical issues and providing support to users or customers experiencing problems with computer systems or software.
• Documentation: Creating technical documentation, such as user manuals, design specifications, and system documentation.
• Continuous Learning: Keeping up-to-date with the latest advancements in computer science, technology, and industry trends.

Types of Computer Scientists Computer scientists can specialize in various subfields, and their roles and responsibilities can differ based on their area of expertise. Here are some types of computer scientists and a brief overview of what they do:

• Software Engineer : Software engineers design, develop, and maintain software applications and systems. They write code, test software for bugs, and ensure its proper functionality.
• Data Scientist : Data scientists analyze and interpret large datasets using statistical and machine learning techniques. They derive insights from data to make data-driven decisions.
• Robotics Engineer : Robotics engineers design and build robotic systems capable of performing various tasks autonomously or under human control.
• Database Administrator (DBA) : DBAs manage and maintain databases, ensuring data integrity, security, and efficiency.
• Machine Learning Engineer : Machine learning engineers focus on creating and optimizing machine learning models and systems for specific applications.
• Cybersecurity Engineer : Cybersecurity experts focus on protecting computer systems, networks, and data from security breaches, attacks, and threats.
• Web Developer : Web developers specialize in building websites and web applications, focusing on front-end (client-side) or back-end (server-side) development.
• Systems Engineer : Systems engineers are responsible for designing, implementing, and managing complex systems, which can include computer systems, networks, and infrastructure.
• Systems Administrator : Systems administrators manage and maintain an organization's computer systems, servers, and network infrastructure, ensuring the overall stability and security of the systems.
• Mobile App Developer : Mobile app developers specialize in designing, creating, and maintaining applications for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
• Cryptographer : Cryptographers employ mathematical principles, computer science, and information theory to create cryptographic algorithms and protocols that are resistant to attacks from malicious entities.
• Data Engineer : Data engineers are responsible for designing and building data architectures, which includes selecting appropriate data storage solutions and designing data processing workflows to ensure that data is processed accurately and efficiently.
• Blockchain Developer : Blockchain developers build decentralized applications (dApps) using blockchain technology, and use programming languages such as Solidity, JavaScript, and Go to create smart contracts.
• Network Engineer: Network engineers design, implement, and manage computer networks to ensure efficient data communication between devices and systems.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) Engineer: AI engineers work on designing and implementing AI algorithms and systems for tasks like natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics.
• Computer Vision Specialist: Computer vision specialists work on algorithms and systems that enable computers to interpret and understand visual information from images or videos.
• Game Developer: Game developers create video games, working on various aspects such as gameplay mechanics, graphics, and user interfaces.
• Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) Specialist: HCI specialists study the interaction between humans and computers, aiming to improve the usability and user experience of digital systems.
• Bioinformatics Specialist: Bioinformatics experts use computational techniques to analyze biological data, particularly in genomics and molecular biology.
• Quantum Computing Scientist: Quantum computing scientists research and develop algorithms and systems that leverage the principles of quantum mechanics for computation.

There are many more specializations within the field of computer science. Many computer scientists may also work in interdisciplinary areas, combining computer science with other fields such as biology, medicine, finance, or social sciences.

What is the workplace of a Computer Scientist like?

The workplace of a computer scientist can encompass a diverse range of environments, largely dependent on their chosen career path and specialization. Many computer scientists find themselves employed by software development companies, where they work alongside teams of developers, engineers, and designers to conceptualize, design, and improve software applications and products. The atmosphere in such settings is often dynamic and driven by innovation, as teams strive to create cutting-edge solutions that cater to the ever-evolving demands of the tech industry.

For those with a passion for research and academia, universities and research institutions become their professional home. Here, computer scientists delve into in-depth studies, collaborate with colleagues, and publish papers on their findings. Such environments foster an intellectual atmosphere, encouraging exploration into the frontiers of computer science, and offering opportunities to mentor and teach the next generation of computer scientists.

Government agencies also provide an important workplace for computer scientists, with roles encompassing cybersecurity, data analysis, and the development of critical public infrastructure. Working within the public sector allows computer scientists to contribute to essential technological advancements that serve the needs of the nation and its citizens.

In recent years, the rise of remote work has expanded opportunities for computer scientists to collaborate virtually and work from home or other locations. This trend grants professionals the flexibility to manage their schedules and maintain a work-life balance that suits their individual needs.

Some computer scientists may choose to work in consulting firms, where they lend their expertise to clients on specific technology projects or challenges. Others may opt for self-employment, venturing into freelance work or starting their own businesses, providing services such as software development, data analysis, or consultancy.

Regardless of the specific workplace, computer scientists rely heavily on advanced computer systems and have access to state-of-the-art technology and software tools to perform their tasks efficiently. The nature of their work requires continuous learning and adaptation, as technology perpetually advances, and the landscape of computer science remains ever-changing.

• Create new account

Computer or Information Research Scientist

Computer and information research scientists design innovative uses for new and existing technology. They study and solve complex problems in computing for business, science, medicine, and other fields.

Computer and information research scientists typically do the following:

• Explore problems in computing and develop theories and models to address those problems
• Collaborate with scientists and engineers to solve complex computing problems
• Determine computing needs and system requirements
• Develop new computing languages, software systems, and other tools to improve how people work with computers
• Design and conduct experiments to test the operation of software systems, frequently using techniques from data science and machine learning
• Analyze the results of their experiments
• Write papers for publication and present research findings at conferences

Computer and information research scientists create and improve computer software and hardware.

To create and improve software, computer and information research scientists work with algorithms: sets of instructions that tell a computer what to do. Some difficult computing tasks require complex algorithms, which these scientists simplify to make computer systems as efficient as possible. These simplified algorithms may lead to advancements in many types of technology, such as machine learning systems and cloud computing.

To improve computer hardware, these scientists design computer architecture. Their work may result in increased efficiencies, such as better networking technology, faster computing speeds, and improved information security.

The following are examples of specialties for computer and information research scientists:

Programming.  Some computer and information research scientists study and design new programming languages that are used to write software. New languages make software writing efficient by improving an existing language, such as Java, or by simplifying a specific aspect of programming, such as image processing.

Robotics .  These scientists study the development and application of robots. They explore how a machine can interact with the physical world. For example, they may create systems that control the robots or design robots to have features such as information processing or sensory feedback.

Some computer and information research scientists work on multidisciplinary projects with electrical engineers, computer hardware engineers, and other specialists. For example, robotics specialists and engineers who design robots’ hardware may team up to test whether the robots complete tasks as intended.

Computer and information research scientists held about 33,500 jobs in 2021. The largest employers of computer and information research scientists were as follows:

Some scientists collaborate with engineers or other specialists or research scientists in different locations and do much of their work online.

Work Schedules

Most computer and information research scientists work full time.

Computer and information research scientists typically need at least a master’s degree in computer science or a related field. In the federal government, a bachelor’s degree may be sufficient for some jobs.

Computer and information research scientists typically need a master’s or higher degree in computer science or a related field, such as computer engineering. A master’s degree usually requires 2 to 3 years of study after earning a bachelor’s degree in a computer-related field, such as computer science or information systems. Some employers prefer to hire candidates who have a Ph.D. Others, such as the federal government, may hire candidates who have a bachelor’s degree in computer and information technology.

Computer and information research scientists who work in a specialized field may need knowledge of that field. For example, those working on biomedical applications may need to have studied biology.

Advancement

Some computer and information research scientists advance to become computer and information systems managers.

Computer and information research scientists typically have an interest in the Building, Thinking and Creating interest areas, according to the Holland Code framework. The Building interest area indicates a focus on working with tools and machines, and making or fixing practical things. The Thinking interest area indicates a focus on researching, investigating, and increasing the understanding of natural laws. The Creating interest area indicates a focus on being original and imaginative, and working with artistic media.

If you are not sure whether you have a Building or Thinking or Creating interest which might fit with a career as a computer and information research scientist, you can take a career test to measure your interests.

Computer and information research scientists should also possess the following specific qualities:

Analytical skills. Computer and information research scientists must be organized in their thinking and analyze the results of their research to formulate conclusions.

Communication skills. Computer and information research scientists must communicate well with programmers and managers and be able to clearly explain their conclusions to people with no technical background. They often write for academic journals and similar publications.

Critical-thinking skills. Computer and information research scientists work on many complex problems.

Detail oriented. Computer and information research scientists must pay close attention to their work, because a small error can cause an entire project to fail.

Ingenuity. Computer and information research scientists must continually come up with innovative ways to solve problems, particularly when their ideas do not initially work as intended.

Logical thinking . Computer algorithms rely on logic. Computer and information research scientists must have a talent for reasoning.

Math skills. Computer and information research scientists must have knowledge of advanced math and other technical topics that are critical in computing.

The median annual wage for computer and information research scientists was $131,490 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $74,210, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $208,000.

In May 2021, the median annual wages for computer and information research scientists in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Employment of computer and information research scientists is projected to grow 21 percent from 2021 to 2031, much faster than the average for all occupations.

About 3,300 openings for computer and information research scientists are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire. 

The research and development conducted by computer and information research scientists turn ideas into technology. As demand for new and better technology grows, demand for computer and information research scientists will grow as well.

Rapid growth in data collection by businesses will lead to an increased need for data-mining services. Computer and information research scientists will be needed to write algorithms that help businesses make sense of very large amounts of data.

A growing emphasis on cybersecurity also should lead to new jobs because computer and information research scientists will be needed to find innovative ways to prevent potential cyberattacks. In addition, an increase in demand for software may increase the need for computer and information research scientists who create new programming languages to make software writing more efficient.

For more information about computer and information research scientists, visit

Association for Computing Machinery

Computing Research Association

IEEE Computer Society

For information about opportunities for women pursuing information technology careers, visit

National Center for Women & Information Technology

To find job openings for computer and information research scientists in the federal government, visit 

Where does this information come from?

The career information above is taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook . This excellent resource for occupational data is published by the U.S. Department of Labor every two years. Truity periodically updates our site with information from the BLS database.

I would like to cite this page for a report. Who is the author?

There is no published author for this page. Please use citation guidelines for webpages without an author available. 

I think I have found an error or inaccurate information on this page. Who should I contact?

This information is taken directly from the Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Truity does not editorialize the information, including changing information that our readers believe is inaccurate, because we consider the BLS to be the authority on occupational information. However, if you would like to correct a typo or other technical error, you can reach us at [email protected] .

I am not sure if this career is right for me. How can I decide?

There are many excellent tools available that will allow you to measure your interests, profile your personality, and match these traits with appropriate careers. On this site, you can take the Career Personality Profiler assessment, the Holland Code assessment, or the Photo Career Quiz .

Get Our Newsletter