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Research methodology mcqs | research methodology short questions & answers.

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Free download in PDF Research Methodology Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) & Answers. These multiple choice questions on Research Methodology are very useful for PhD entrance exam.

View Answer

Answer: Helps those interested in further research and studying the problem from another angle

Answer: It depends on your point of view

Article and Schedule Quiz

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Answer: Pr absorbs red light and becomes Pfr

Answer: Involves testing an explicitly defined hypothesis

Answer: A hypothesis

Answer: Sampling people, newspapers, television programmes etc.

Answer: Introduction; Literature review; Research methods; Results; Discussion; Conclusion

Answer: Research questions

Answer: Experimental studies

Answer: Laboratory and field experiments

Answer: Reference collection

Answer: Emphasis upon the control of the immediate situation

Answer: Longitudinal

Answer: Cross-sectional studies

Answer: Variables

Answer: All of these

Answer: General terms

Answer: Inadequate sample

Answer: Fact finding (historical) studies

Answer: Booth

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All Solved MCQs on Research Methodology

In this post, we have posted 20 Solved MCQs on Research Methodology . Every question is consisted of four options. The answer is bold with black colour.

The Given Solved MCQs on Research Methodology are targeted to the students who are pursuing the subject of Research Methodology as a part of their degree or post graduate degree courses in criminology, law, sociology, social work, etc.

Multiple Choice Questions on Research Methodology

1. Which of the following is the role of a conclusion:

To gives an ending to your project and highlight what a research result means

To help the researcher explain how his/her research contributes to the new knowledge.

To give an impression of the work done by the researcher.

All the above.

2. A good conclusion can be:

A repetition of the researcher’s work

One line.

Blue-print of the research.

3. A Conclusion should just repeat what the researcher has said in the Research.

False

4. The Conclusion is a good place to add in all the extra ideas the researcher could not fit in his research.

False

5. The Conclusion should bring all ideas of the researcher together to justify his/her final view on the topic.

True

6. The Conclusion is a great place to put all the favorite quotes of the researcher from the book that could fit in the research.

7. The Conclusion is a good place to give suggestions how one can take action or change one’s ideas based on the issues discussed in the research.

8. A Researcher should give his/her own opinion in the Research.

9. A Researcher should explain why he/she feels the stated way about the text/topic, referring to the ideas in the research.

10. A good Conclusion could be just one line.

11. A Conclusion should use the key words from the Research.

12. According to David Bunton, A well written conclusion should not –

Present the last word on the issues you raised in your paper.

Summarize the Research.

Ignore the importance of the Researcher’s ideas.

Introduce the new ways or expanded ways of thinking on the issue.

13. A Good Conclusion will refer to the objectives of the research to bring the research to a clear end.

14. A Good Conclusion should not be:

Clear

Simple

Precise

Ambiguous

15. While drawing conclusion, the method used should be :

Induction

Deduction

Both the methods

None of the Methods

16. A Researcher should avoid which of the following things while writing a conclusion:

Unnecessary information

Ignoring the negative results

Providing a clear summary

It should match with the objectives

17. According to Martyn Shuttleworth, a research should draw conclusion on the basis of which of the following points:

Learning that has been done in the Research

Evaluation of the Flaws

Benefits of the Research

All the above

18. The most important role played by a good Conclusion is:

It generates the aspects for future research.

It does not summarise the research.

It is not a blue-print of the research.

It does not pave way for new research.

19. A conclusion should:

Not convey the last words.

Not identify how a gap has been addressed in literature.

Not give importance to the researcher’s ideas.

None of the above

20. In conclusion, a researcher cannot:

Add new ideas that did not fit in research.

Use Key words.

Give his own opinion.

Summarize his research.

Others Solved MCQs on Research Methodology

Credit : SWAYAM (Instructor: Prof. Bajpai)

Solved MCQs on Basic Research
MCQs on Legal Research with answers
MCQs on sampling in research methodology with answers
MCQ on Citation and Referencing in Research
Research Ethics MCQs with answers
Solved MCQs on Sampling in research methodology
20 MCQs with answers on plagiarism
MCQs on Hypothesis
Research Report writing MCQs with answers
Multiple Choice Questions on primary and secondary data | Data Collection
MCQ on data analysis in research methodology

50 Best MCQs on Research Methodology for PhD Entrance Exams 2024

Prepare to ace your PhD entrance examination with the 50 Best MCQs on Research Methodology. Sharpen your skills and get ready for success!

50 best mcqs on research methodology.

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-1

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of scientific research?

A) Objectivity

B) Subjectivity

C) Systematic

D) Empirical

Answer: B) Subjectivity

2. The process of reviewing existing literature to gather information and ideas related to a research topic is known as:

A) Data analysis

B) Data collection

C) Literature review

D) Data interpretation

Answer: C) Literature review

3. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative research method?

B) Case study

C) Ethnography

D) Grounded theory

Answer: A) Survey

4. What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?

A) To test the feasibility of the main study

B) To gather preliminary data

C) To refine research methods

D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

5. In a normal distribution curve, what percentage of data falls within one standard deviation from the mean?

Answer: A) 68%

6. Which sampling method involves selecting every nth member from a list to be included in the sample?

A) Stratified sampling

B) Systematic sampling

C) Convenience sampling

D) Snowball sampling

Answer: B) Systematic sampling

7. Which of the following is NOT a component of a research proposal?

A) Abstract

B) Introduction

D) Data analysis

Answer: D) Data analysis

8. What is the primary purpose of an experimental research design?

A) To establish cause-and-effect relationships

B) To describe and understand phenomena

C) To explore relationships between variables

D) To gather in-depth insights

Answer: A) To establish cause-and-effect relationships

9. Which statistical test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two independent groups?

C) Chi-square test

D) Pearson correlation

Answer: A) t-test

10. What is the term for the extent to which research findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

A) Validity

B) Reliability

C) Generalizability

D) Replicability

Answer: C) Generalizability

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-2

11. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?

A) Random sampling

B) Stratified sampling

D) Cluster sampling

Answer: C) Convenience sampling

12. What is the purpose of informed consent in research involving human subjects?

A) To ensure participants are paid for their time

B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks

C) To guarantee confidentiality of participants’ data

D) To provide participants with an opportunity to withdraw from the study at any time

Answer: B) To ensure participants are fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and risks

13. Which of the following is NOT a type of qualitative data analysis?

A) Content analysis

B) Descriptive statistics

C) Thematic analysis

Answer: B) Descriptive statistics

14. What is the term for a test’s ability to measure what it claims to measure?

A) Reliability

B) Validity

D) Precision

Answer: B) Validity

15. Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?

A) Standard deviation

D) Variance

Answer: B) Median

16. What type of research design involves studying the same group of individuals over an extended period?

A) Cross-sectional

B) Longitudinal

C) Experimental

D) Case study

Answer: B) Longitudinal

17. Which of the following is NOT a step in the quantitative research process?

A) Data collection

B) Hypothesis generation

C) Theory development

Answer: C) Theory development

18. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?

A) Social desirability bias

B) Hawthorne effect

C) Confirmation bias

D) Placebo effect

Answer: B) Hawthorne effect

19. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?

A) Temporal precedence

B) Covariation of cause and effect

C) Correlation

D) Absence of confounding variables

Answer: C) Correlation

20. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?

A) To ensure research findings are accurate

B) To provide constructive feedback to authors

C) To determine whether a study is worthy of publication

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-3

21. Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

D) Test scores

Answer: D) Test scores

22. What is the term for a systematic error in measurement that leads to consistent underestimation or overestimation of the true value?

A) Random error

B) Sampling error

D) Variability

Answer: C) Bias

23. Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?

A) Test-retest reliability

B) Internal consistency reliability

C) Inter-rater reliability

D) Construct reliability

Answer: D) Construct reliability

24. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which a study’s findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

A) Internal validity

B) External validity

C) Construct validity

D) Content validity

Answer: B) External validity

25. Which of the following is NOT an ethical principle governing research involving human subjects?

A) Respect for persons

B) Beneficence

Answer: D) Honesty

26. What type of research design is characterized by the researcher’s direct involvement in the research setting?

A) Experimental

B) Ex post facto

C) Observational

D) Correlational

Answer: C) Observational

27. What is the term for a measure’s consistency or stability over time?

Answer: B) Reliability

28. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

A) Simple random sampling

B) Quota sampling

C) Snowball sampling

D) Systematic sampling

Answer: C) Snowball sampling

29. What is the term for a type of research that seeks to describe and understand phenomena in their natural settings?

A) Experimental research

B) Quantitative research

C) Qualitative research

D) Mixed-methods research

Answer: C) Qualitative research

30. Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?

Answer: C) Range

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-4

31. Which of the following is NOT a type of experimental design?

A) Pre-experimental design

B) Quasi-experimental design

C) True experimental design

D) Descriptive design

Answer: D) Descriptive design

32. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants provide responses they believe are socially acceptable rather than their true opinions?

Answer: A) Social desirability bias

33. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative data collection method?

B) Interview

C) Observation

D) Focus group discussion

34. Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

B) Marital status

D) Country of residence

Answer: C) Age

35. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

A) Cluster sampling

B) Convenience sampling

C) Stratified sampling

D) Random sampling

Answer: B) Convenience sampling

36. What is the term for a measure’s ability to produce consistent results when administered multiple times?

37. Which of the following is a type of non-probability sampling technique?

38. What is the term for the phenomenon where participants modify their behavior because they are aware of being observed?

39. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?

40. What is the purpose of peer review in the research publication process?

MCQs on Research Methodology SET-5

41. Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

42. What is the term for a systematic error in measurement that leads to consistent underestimation or overestimation of the true value?

43. Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?

44. Which type of validity refers to the degree to which a study’s findings can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

45. Which of the following is NOT an ethical principle governing research involving human subjects?

46. What type of research design is characterized by the researcher’s direct involvement in the research setting?

47. What is the term for a measure’s consistency or stability over time?

48. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling technique?

49. What is the term for a type of research that seeks to describe and understand phenomena in their natural settings?

50. Which of the following is a measure of dispersion?

What is Research Methodology ?

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Research Methodology

Introduction to Research Methodology
Research Approaches
Concepts of Theory and Empiricism
Characteristics of scientific method
Understanding the Language of Research
11 Steps in Research Process
Research Design
Different Research Designs
Compare and Contrast the Main Types of Research Designs
Cross-sectional research design
Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Descriptive Research VS Qualitative Research
Experimental Research VS Quantitative Research
Sampling Design
Probability VS Non-Probability Sampling

40 MCQ on Research Methodology

MCQ on research Process
MCQ on Research Design
18 MCQ on Quantitative Research
30 MCQ on Qualitative Research
45 MCQ on Sampling Methods
20 MCQ on Principles And Planning For Research

Q1. Which of the following statement is correct? (A) Reliability ensures the validity (B) Validity ensures reliability (C) Reliability and validity are independent of each other (D) Reliability does not depend on objectivity

Answer: (C)

Q2. Which of the following statements is correct? (A) Objectives of research are stated in first chapter of the thesis (B) Researcher must possess analytical ability (C) Variability is the source of problem (D) All the above

Answer: (D)

Q3. The first step of research is: (A) Selecting a problem (B) Searching a problem (C) Finding a problem (D) Identifying a problem

Q4. Research can be conducted by a person who: (A) holds a postgraduate degree (B) has studied research methodology (C) possesses thinking and reasoning ability (D) is a hard worker

Answer: (B)

Q5. Research can be classified as: (A) Basic, Applied and Action Research (B) Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research (C) Quantitative and Qualitative Research (D) All the above

Q6. To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses: (A) t test (B) ANOVA (C) X 2 (D) factorial analysis

Answer: (B)

Q7. Bibliography given in a research report: (A) shows vast knowledge of the researcher (B) helps those interested in further research (C) has no relevance to research (D) all the above

Q8. A research problem is feasible only when: (A) it has utility and relevance (B) it is researchable (C) it is new and adds something to knowledge (D) all the above

Q9. The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known as: (A) Survey Research (B) Summative Research (C) Historical Research (D) ‘Ex-post Facto’ Research

Answer: (D)

Q10. Generalized conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as: (A) Data analysis and interpretation (B) Parameter inference (C) Statistical inference (D) All of the above

Answer: (A)

Q11. Fundamental research reflects the ability to: (A) Synthesize new ideals (B) Expound new principles (C) Evaluate the existing material concerning research (D) Study the existing literature regarding various topics

Q12. The main characteristic of scientific research is: (A) empirical (B) theoretical (C) experimental (D) all of the above

Q13. Authenticity of a research finding is its: (A) Originality (B) Validity (C) Objectivity (D) All of the above

Q14. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite? (A) Area Sampling Technique (B) Purposive Sampling Technique (C) Systematic Sampling Technique (D) None of the above

Q15. Research problem is selected from the stand point of: (A) Researcher’s interest (B) Financial support (C) Social relevance (D) Availability of relevant literature

Q16. The research is always – (A) verifying the old knowledge (B) exploring new knowledge (C) filling the gap between knowledge (D) all of these

Q17. Research is (A) Searching again and again (B) Finding a solution to any problem (C) Working in a scientific way to search for the truth of any problem (D) None of the above

Q20. A common test in research demands much priority on (A) Reliability (B) Useability (C) Objectivity (D) All of the above

Q21. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process? (A) Searching sources of information to locate the problem. (B) Survey of related literature (C) Identification of the problem (D) Searching for solutions to the problem

Answer: (C)

Q22. Which correlation coefficient best explains the relationship between creativity and intelligence? (A) 1.00 (B) 0.6 (C) 0.5 (D) 0.3

Q23. Manipulation is always a part of (A) Historical research (B) Fundamental research (C) Descriptive research (D) Experimental research

Explanation: In experimental research, researchers deliberately manipulate one or more independent variables to observe their effects on dependent variables. The goal is to establish cause-and-effect relationships and test hypotheses. This type of research often involves control groups and random assignment to ensure the validity of the findings. Manipulation is an essential aspect of experimental research to assess the impact of specific variables and draw conclusions about their influence on the outcome.

Q24. The research which is exploring new facts through the study of the past is called (A) Philosophical research (B) Historical research (C) Mythological research (D) Content analysis

Q25. A null hypothesis is (A) when there is no difference between the variables (B) the same as research hypothesis (C) subjective in nature (D) when there is difference between the variables

Q26. We use Factorial Analysis: (A) To know the relationship between two variables (B) To test the Hypothesis (C) To know the difference between two variables (D) To know the difference among the many variables

Explanation: Factorial analysis, specifically factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), is used to investigate the effects of two or more independent variables on a dependent variable. It helps to determine whether there are significant differences or interactions among the independent variables and their combined effects on the dependent variable.

Q27. Which of the following is classified in the category of the developmental research? (A) Philosophical research (B) Action research (C) Descriptive research (D) All the above

Q28. Action-research is: (A) An applied research (B) A research carried out to solve immediate problems (C) A longitudinal research (D) All the above

Explanation: Action research is an approach to research that encompasses all the options mentioned. It is an applied research method where researchers work collaboratively with practitioners or stakeholders to address immediate problems or issues in a real-world context. It is often conducted over a period of time, making it a longitudinal research approach. So, all the options (A) An applied research, (B) A research carried out to solve immediate problems, and (C) A longitudinal research are correct when describing action research.

Q29. The basis on which assumptions are formulated: (A) Cultural background of the country (B) Universities (C) Specific characteristics of the castes (D) All of these

Q30. How can the objectivity of the research be enhanced? (A) Through its impartiality (B) Through its reliability (C) Through its validity (D) All of these

Q31. A research problem is not feasible only when: (A) it is researchable (B) it is new and adds something to the knowledge (C) it consists of independent and dependent var i ables (D) it has utility and relevance

Explanation: A research problem is considered feasible when it can be studied and investigated using appropriate research methods and resources. The presence of independent and dependent variables is not a factor that determines the feasibility of a research problem. Instead, it is an essential component of a well-defined research problem that helps in formulating research questions or hypotheses. Feasibility depends on whether the research problem can be addressed and answered within the constraints of available time, resources, and methods. Options (A), (B), and (D) are more relevant to the feasibility of a research problem.

Q32. The process not needed in experimental research is: (A) Observation (B) Manipulation and replication (C) Controlling (D) Reference collection

In experimental research, reference collection is not a part of the process.

Q33. When a research problem is related to heterogeneous population, the most suitable sampling method is: (A) Cluster Sampling (B) Stratified Sampling (C) Convenient Sampling (D) Lottery Method

Explanation: When a research problem involves a heterogeneous population, stratified sampling is the most suitable sampling method. Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups or strata based on certain characteristics or variables. Each stratum represents a relatively homogeneous subset of the population. Then, a random sample is taken from each stratum in proportion to its size or importance in the population. This method ensures that the sample is representative of the diversity present in the population and allows for more precise estimates of population parameters for each subgroup.

Q34. Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as: (A) Data analysis and interpretation (B) Parameter inference (C) Statistical inference (D) All of the above

Explanation: Generalized conclusions based on a sample are achieved through statistical inference. It involves using sample data to make inferences or predictions about a larger population. Statistical inference helps researchers draw conclusions, estimate parameters, and test hypotheses about the population from which the sample was taken. It is a fundamental concept in statistics and plays a crucial role in various fields, including research, data analysis, and decision-making.

Q35. The experimental study is based on

(A) The manipulation of variables (B) Conceptual parameters (C) Replication of research (D) Survey of literature

Q36. Which one is called non-probability sampling? (A) Cluster sampling (B) Quota sampling (C) Systematic sampling (D) Stratified random sampling

Q37. Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (A) Survey method (B) Historical studies (C) Experimental studies (D) Normative studies

Q38. Field-work-based research is classified as: (A) Empirical (B) Historical (C) Experimental (D) Biographical

Q39. Which of the following sampling method is appropriate to study the prevalence of AIDS amongst male and female in India in 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006? (A) Cluster sampling (B) Systematic sampling (C) Quota sampling (D) Stratified random sampling

Q40. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more and more clear ideas about the problem is: (A) Applied research (B) Action research (C) Experimental research (D) None of these