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River Ganga Essay | Essay on River Ganga for Students and Children in English

River Ganga Essay : River Ganga is one of the most famous rivers in the world. People from foreign countries never miss the chance of visiting the Ganga as it is a holy river for the people of India. Known for its polluted state right now, there are many initiatives being taken to clean it, though none of them has been completely successful.

Everyone wants to know about River Ganga as there is a lot to know about it. Thus, we have provided some useful information about the river Ganga below.  You can read more  Essay Writing  about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long and Short Essays on River Ganga for Students and Kids in English

A long essay of 450-500 words has been provided it is useful for students in classes 7, 8, 9, and 10. For the reference of students in Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, a short essay of 100-150 words has been provided.

Long Essay on River Ganga 500 Words in English

Known to be a sacred river, the river Ganga has a religious background in Hindu Mythology. According to ancient texts, King Bhagirath had ancestors who had committed huge sins. To cleanse his kingdom of the burden of their bad deeds, he meditated to bring Goddess Ganga to life. It was said that by bathing it in people could wash away their sins and attain salvation.  However, the massive force of the river Ganga would have destroyed the earth, so Lord Shiva matted her onto his hair and she flowed from it in streams. Since goddess Ganga is known for liberating people from the cycle of life and death, people immerse the ashes of their loved ones in this holy river.

The river Ganga is formed by the union of two main tributaries known as Bhagirathi and Alaknanda at the place called Devprayag. The point where the river Bhagirathi and Alaknanda meet at Devprayag we call it the river Ganga. Bhagirathi originates from the Himalayan glacier Gangotri while Alaknanda rises from Nanda Devi, the northern peak of the Himalayas.  Though Alaknanda and Bhagirathi are its two main tributaries, the Ganga also has three others that rise from the Himalayas, namely Mandakini, Dhauliganga, and Pindar. It is said that Ganga originally rose from Gaumukh, which is to the southeast of Gangotri.

Further, while flowing through the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India, it has several tributaries like the river Yamuna, Gomti, Kose, Sone, and Ghagra which is the largest one. The river Ganga meets the river Yamuna and the river Saraswati (the dead river) at the point called Triveni Sangam in Allahabad.  After passing Devprayag, the river Ganga continues its journey towards Uttarakhand, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and lastly West Bengal. The river Ganga enters Bangladesh where it is joined by the river Mahananda, where it is called the Padma. The large delta of the river Ganga is in Bengal which is shared with river Brahmaputra (which lies mostly in Bangladesh).

It is essential to know that since the river Ganga flows through densely populated and fertile areas of the Northern Subcontinent of India, it provides livelihood to billions of people.  Further, there are many birds who rely on it for their habitat. The river Ganga is home to more than 140 species of fishes and 90 species of amphibians. That is the reason why it is heartbreaking to see this sacred river marred with the burden of human and industrial waste.

The river Ganga is the second most polluted river in the world. In order to cleanse it, the Ganga Action Plan was formulated in 1986 which failed epically. However, the Namami Gange program is an ongoing cleaning initiative that has been successful in cleaning the water.  The river Ganga has been threatened by pollution for decades now and it is crucial that we work diligently to prevent it from being damaged all the more.  If we succeed in saving the river, we would succeed in saving many lives and eradicating other means of pollution too.

Short Essay on River Ganga 150 words in English

The holy river of India, river Ganga is an important aspect of Hindu Mythology. In Hinduism, the river Ganga is considered as a Goddess who gives life and relieves you of all your sins.  It rises from the Himalayan glacier Gangotri and has many tributaries including the river Yamuna. It starts its journey from the Himalayas and empties into the Bay of Bengal.

Since the river Ganga flows in the majority of the land of India, it provides livelihood to billions of people. It supports the agriculture, fishing, and tourism industry extensively.  Hindu festivals like the Kumbh Festival is celebrated on the banks of this sacred river. People celebrate the Kumbh Festival every year where the Ganga Aarti (Holy Worship) is also performed.  Due to the polluted state of the Ganga, the ongoing cleaning program, Namami Gange Programme was initiated and it has succeeded in cleaning it.

10 Lines on River Ganga Essay in English

• The river Ganga flows through India and Bangladesh.
• It originates from the Himalayas and empties into the Bay of Bengal.
• It starts its journey from the Himalayan glacier called Gangotri.
• It is the holy river for Hindus.
• The largest tributary of Ganga is the river Ghagra.
• River Yamuna runs parallel to river Ganga and joins it in Allahabad alongside river Saraswati.
• The basin of river Ganga supports billions of people of India and Bangladesh
• It flows through the majority of the part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and a few Indian cities like Kanpur, Varanasi, Patna, and Kolkata, etc.
• It is the third-longest river in India and also the most polluted.
• The Namami Gange program has been successful in cleaning the river Ganga.

FAQ’s on River Ganga Essay

Question 1. Where does the river Ganga join the Yamuna?

Answer. The river Ganga joins the river Yamuna and the river Saraswati in Allahabad. The point where they meet is called Triveni Sangam.

Question 2. Was the Namami Gange Program successful in cleaning river Ganga?

Answer. Yes. According to Home Minister, Mr. Amit Shah, this program is gradually cleaning the river Ganga to protect the livelihood of the people of India as well as Bangladesh.

Question 3. Which is the largest tributary of the river Ganga?

Answer. The largest tributary of the Ganga is the river Ghagra.

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Essay On River Ganga – 10 Lines, Short and Long Essay For Kids

Key Points To Remember When Writing Essay On River Ganga For Lower Primary Classes

10 lines on ganga river for kids, a paragraph on river ganga for children, short essay on river ganga for kids, long essay on importance of river ganga for children, what will your child learn from the essay on ganga river.

River Ganga is one of the holiest rivers in India as its water is believed to purify people of their sins. The Ganga originates from the Gangotri glacier in the Himalayas and travels down to the plains, where it merges with the Bay of Bengal. The river is one of the primary rivers in the country every child is taught about, and compositions on the topic are often assigned in schools for children to learn its importance and also the nuances of writing. In this article, we’ve provided sample essays on the topic for classes 1, 2, and 3 with useful information, including its origin, history, and mythology, that can help your child draft their own essay.

Writing an essay on the Ganga river is like taking a deep dive into India’s culture. Here are some key points to note when writing an essay on the river Ganga:

• Start with an introduction paragraph and mention where the Ganga river originates.
• Ganga river’s spiritual, cultural, and religious significance must be covered in the essay.
• Ganga river is a major source of livelihood in our country. Elaborate on the point, and include its uses in agriculture, drinking, fishing etc.
• Finally, end with a conclusion paragraph and wrap up by talking about its pollution level and what initiatives are being done by the people to help clean it up.

The Ganga river is considered a goddess and giver of life. It is easy to write a few lines on the river Ganga when one knows its significance. Here are 10 lines in an essay for classes 1 & 2 on the topic.

• River Ganga is sacred, and its waters come from Uttarakhand, Gangotri.
• When the two tributaries of Bhagarati and Alaknanda join at Devprayag, that is where mainstream Ganga begins.
• Ganga joins the Brahmaputra river in Bangladesh.
• Many believe that the water of Ganga is pure and to be revered.
• According to mythology, the deceased cremated near Ganga ghat get salvation instantly.
• Ganga’s plains are one of the most fertile in the world.
• Human activities around the river have resulted in the pollution of the river.
• The Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up River Ganga and conserve it.
• Ganga Aarti is a famous event during religious festivals.
• The Ganga is considered the national river of India.

The Ganga has a special place in the hearts of Indians, and for the right reasons. Its waters are used for religious reasons, and some bathe in them for healing. Here is a short paragraph on the river:

The Ganga river is the most famous in India, and people worldwide visit the country to get a glimpse of it. The Ganga is hailed as a holy river and has cultural significance also. It is a major source of livelihood in our country, as it is used in agriculture, drinking, fishing, etc.   It was once considered a source of pure water and is believed to open the door to nirvana. But, locals have been dumping waste and polluting it. To control the pollution levels of the river, the Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up the Ganges and conserve it. Locals can also do their bit by controlling their activities around the river and stop dumping waste in the water so that the river can remain clean and we can reap maximum benefits from it. 

You can write an essay in 150 to 200 words on the Ganga river, elaborating its importance in the country. Here is a short sample essay for classes 1, 2, and 3:

The Ganga represents the essence of Indian culture. The river is worshipped in India. Several legends are associated with the river. It is also known by the names Jahnvi and Bhagirathi. It is said that Shiva holds River Ganga in his matted hair, and the earliest mentions of her can be found in the Rigveda. The Ganga river also appears in many epics such as the Puranas, Mahabharata, and Ramayana. People call the river Ganga Maa as she is believed to have healing and spiritual powers. Many immerse the ashes of their deceased loved ones in this river for salvation. Having said that, the water from the river is used for irrigation, fishing, etc., which are the major sources of livelihood for the people dwelling around the river. However, the river has been under the scanner for some time as its level of pollution is rising. Ganga is considered the second most polluted river in India and is in dire need of a clean-up. The Indian Government has launched Namami Gange, an initiative to clean up the river and conserve it. But we can also contribute towards the holy Ganges by not dumping excessive waste in the water and responsibly cleaning up after ourselves when in the vicinity.

The Ganga river provides livelihood to the people of India and has great spiritual importance, too. Children can understand this better when they read and research the topic before writing their essays. Here’s a long essay for class 3 that your child can refer to when creating their composition:

River Ganga is one of the holiest rivers in India, and it is believed to bring souls closer to moksha and liberate souls from the cycle of birth and death. The Ganga Jayanti and Ganga Dussehra are two popular festivals celebrated in India. Unfortunately, the Ganga is one of the most polluted rivers in the country, despite being the longest river in the country.

Ganga is also known for its healing powers. It is said that those who have sinned can find salvation here. The Ganga runs through different regions such as Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, New Delhi, and West Bengal. River Ganga is home to various species of aquatic wildlife. Ganga river is a significant source of livelihood in our country, as it is used in agriculture, drinking, fishing, etc. Thus it is more so important to save the river and ensure it stays clean.

Origin and Significance of Ganga River

The Bhagirathi and Alaknanda streams, which converge in the Indian town of Devprayag in the Garhwal area, are thought to have been the source of the Ganges. Mythology holds that the Gangotri glacier, which is located in Gomukh, is where the river Ganga originated. In terms of significance, the Ganga symbolises hope, peace, culture, faith, and life for millions of people in India for decades. Its water is used for irrigation in agriculture, and the river also aids the fishing business. The land near Ganga is the most fertile and is useful for the agricultural produce India is well known for.

What Are The Important Tributaries of River Ganga?

The important tributaries of River Ganga are:

• Burhi Gandak

Why The Rising Pollution Of River Ganga Has Become A Critical Issue

Rising pollution of the river Ganga is becoming a critical issue because it impacts the river and our overall environment. Some of the reasons for the rising levels of pollution are – the disposal of human sewage, industrial waste and animal waste in its water. Increasing population is another factor. People living near the ghats of River Ganga are affected by illness due to water-borne infections due to the increased pollution levels of the river.

Initiatives For Cleaning Ganga River

The Namami Gange Programme and National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) are the latest initiatives conducted by India, designed to help clean up the river. The programmes talk about biodiversity conservation, afforestation, and water quality monitoring. By giving the states financial support, the government of India is assisting the state government’s efforts to combat pollution of the river. The Namami Gange Programme aims to clean the Ganges through thoughtful and well-coordinated actions.

Your child will learn a lot by reading these sample essays on Ganga, and understand the river’s connection to India’s culture and economy. Your child will also polish their art of essay writing along the way.

The Ganga River has existed since time immemorial and is a holy river that will stay close to our hearts. Hopefully, this article will give significant pointers to your child to draft their own composition. They can also research more and add more information as needed.

Also Read: Essay On Importance of Water for Kids Water Pollution Essay for Lower Primary Classes How to Write An Essay On Nature for Class 1, 2 and 3

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Essay on River Ganga

River Ganga is the most important and the longest river in India. The facts about River Ganga are greatly studied by people in different regions of the world because of its great spiritual and cultural significance. Moreover, people from different parts of India and the world come to take a glimpse of this famous river. This great river has been serving the people of India, Bangladesh, and Nepal from years. The tales of River Ganga has been mentioned in our Vedas that give evidence of the presence of this river from years on this earth.

Short and Long Essay on River Ganga in English

The topic ‘river Ganga is very important as well as interesting for all the students, exam aspirants and readers. Students often get this topic to write an essay, paragraph, assignment, project, etc. Moreover, many questions related to this topic are asked in the competitive examinations. In the same reference, I have provided a long elaborated essay on the topic of River Ganga. I hope that this essay will be useful for all the readers, students and exam aspirants in getting a brief knowledge regarding the river Ganga and this will also provide you all with an idea of presenting your views on this topic.

10 Lines Essay on Ganga (100 – 150 Words)

1) Ganga is a famous sacred river that flows in several parts of India.

2) It is the longest river in India known for its religious importance.

3) The main streams of the river Ganga are Alaknanda and Bhagirathi.

4) Ganga flows in different states of India like Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Patna, and West Bengal.

5) After flowing in India, it enters Bangladesh as the Padma.

6) In India, Ganga is positioned as a goddess and referred to as “Ganga Maa”.

7) Many people believe that bathing in this river can wash all your sins.

8) A huge population is dependent on this river for their basic water requirement.

9) Ganga river is now severely polluted.

10) Ganga Action Plan, Namami Gange, etc are campaigns to clean Ganga, enforced by the government of India.

Short Essay on River Ganga (200 – 250 Words)

Ganga is a sacred river that flows in India with its religious importance. People from different parts of the world come to take bath in this river because of its holy significance. Another reason for its popularity is pollution. The government has taken several steps to clean this river but still Ganga is considered the second most polluted river in India. India considers Ganga as Goddess and worships her by referring as “Ganga Maa”. People use water from this river (Ganga Jal) for religious purposes. After death, many people believe to cremate ashes in this river for salvation.

Ganga is the home of several aquatic species. It also provides fertile land for good agriculture. Moreover, it is a good source of water for irrigation as well as hydro-power generation. About half the population of the country is dependent on the river Ganga for drinking water.

Alaknanda and Bhagirathi are the two major streams that contributed to the origin of the river Ganga. These streams meet at Devprayag town in Uttarakhand. The length of this river is about 2,510 km. It is considered that Ganga originates from southeast Gangotri and flows in different parts of India. At Prayagraj, Ganga meets two other rivers Yamuna and Saraswati and hence the place is called Sangam. Ganga passes from different states of India namely, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.

Long Essay on The River Having Great Cultural And Religious Significance (1500 Words)

Introduction

Rivers are very important for the survival of the people in any of the nations in the world. They have been supporting and nourishing several civilizations in past as well as present. India is a blessed land that is fed by several significant rivers. River Ganga is one of the most famous and sacred rivers in India. This river has great spiritual importance in Hindus and is considered a symbol of purity. In other words, we can say that river Ganga is referred to as a precious river by Hindus. We will be discussing in detail the river Ganga and several aspects related to this river in the long essay provided below.

River Ganga- Worshipped As Goddess in Hindus

River Ganga is a significant river for the people living in India. It is because the river flows in different parts of the nation and is sustaining the life of millions of people residing near the river bed. Jahnavi, Gange, Shubhra, Sapteshwari, Nikita, Alaknanda, etc are the different names of the river Ganga but the official name of the river is Ganges. This major river is designated as the Goddess and is worshipped by the Hindus in the entire nation. River Ganga is regarded as the Goddess of purity and forgiveness. This is only the reason that people consider that bathing in the holy water of River Ganga helps in purifying an individual from all the sins. People majorly perform the ritual of bathing in the river and then taking water in their hands and then leaving back into the river. They do this in order to pay their tribute to their ancestors as well as to God.

The places like Sangam, Haridwar, and Varanasi are considered as famous pilgrimage places for taking bath in the sacred water of the Ganga River. After bathing in the holy water of River Ganga people also carry some river water in containers and that is called ‘Ganga Jal’. This water is considered auspicious and thus sprayed in every important Hindu ritual. The ashes after cremation in Hinduism are also plunged in River Ganga as this activity helps the dead ones in attaining moksha. There are many festivals like Ganga Jayanti, Ganga Dussehra and dev Deepawali celebrated to pay homage to the River Ganga. These festivals are celebrated in all the major cities that lie on the banks of the river Ganga in India. People offer prayer on these occasions by lighting diyas and offering flowers in the river water.

Appearance Of River Ganga-  A fair beautiful woman sitting on a creature called Makara as her vehicle is considered as the appearance of Goddess Ganga. There are many stories related to the river Ganga in our ancient Vedas. The tales related to River Ganga are also present in Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Puranas. River Ganga is termed as the sister of Goddess Parvati in the great epic Ramayana whereas in the epic Mahabharata Ganga is termed as the mother of the great warrior Bhishma Pitamaha. In this way, there are several tales prevalent about River Ganga that is also called ‘Goddess Ganga’.

The Origin Of River Ganga

The river Ganga is said to have originated from the two major streams named Bhagirathi and Alaknanda that meet in the Devprayag town that lies in the Garhwal district of Uttrakhand state of India. According to Hindu mythology, the Gangotri glacier situated at Gomukh is the inception source of River Ganga. This glacier is at an elevation of 4356 meters that is also regarded as the matted locks of Lord Shiva. Alaknanda, Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini, and Bhagirathi are stated as the sacred headstreams of river Ganga. These five sacred headstreams of River Ganga meet to form Panch Prayag. Further, the meeting of headstreams Bhagirathi and Alaknanda in Devprayag gives rise to the Rives Ganges.

River Ganga receives its major water from the rain and snow and is thus called a rain and snow-fed river. The longest river of India is 2525 km in length and the area of its basin is 1,016,124 square km. The average discharge rate of river Ganga at the Ganges delta is 18,691 cubic meters per second.

The Course Of River Ganga- The great river Ganga traces its course from the mountains in Rishikesh after flowing through the narrow Himalayan valleys. The river then traces its path through the Gangetic plains and flows in the broad plain area in the holy town of Haridwar in the Uttrakhand state of India.  Further, this major river flows in different parts of northern India. The river Ganga meets with another important river Yamuna in the Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh state in India. This confluence of Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers is regarded as a sacred place in Prayagraj and given the name of ‘Sangam’. In this way, the river flows through several districts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand states of India and finally becomes Hooghly River in the West Bengal state of India.

The river Ganga after tracing its major course in different Indian states lastly merges into the Bay of Bengal near Sagar Island. River Ganga also flows in Bangladesh that is a neighbouring country of India. This river is known by the name Padma in the country Bangladesh. The Ganges delta near the Bay of Bengal formed by the rivers namely Ganga and Brahmaputra is regarded as the largest delta in the world. The area of this world’s largest delta is 64,000 square km.

Important Tributaries Of River Ganga

River Ganga is stated as a major river flowing in India and Bangladesh countries of the world. The flow of river is not only in one single direction but it bifurcates and flows in different regions of India. There are several tributaries that form part of this major river in India. Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandaki, Kosi, rivers forms the major left-bank tributaries of the River Ganga. The important right-bank tributaries of River Ganga are Yamuna, Son, Punpun, and Damodar rivers. River Ganga forms a large drainage basin that spreads in four countries namely India, Nepal, China and Bangladesh. In India, the major river basin of the Ganga River spreads in eleven states namely Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, West Bengal, and Delhi.

River Ganga- A Gift Of Nature To The People Of India

River Ganga is very beneficial to the people of India and majorly in the regions where this great river traces its course. It is regarded as the national river of India because of the enormous benefits that it provides to the people of the nation and hence it is designated as the Goddess. The importance of River Ganga for the people of India is enlisted below:

• Ganga is a snow-fed river and thus its water persists and is available to people of the nation throughout the year. The river provides sustenance to the people living on its bank from years.
• The silt deposited by the river water forms very fertile plains that support good agriculture. Moreover, the water of River Ganga is available throughout the year and thus it serves as the best source of irrigation for the cultivation of crops. The crops that grow well in the fertile Gangetic plains are rice, sugarcane, lentils, oil seeds, potatoes and wheat. In this way, it can be stated that the fertile plains and water availability in river Ganga enhances agricultural production and thus boosts the agricultural economy in the nation.
• The river water is the best fishing grounds and this again helps in boosting the economy of the nation.
• The river water has been utilized for the installation of different hydroelectric power projects and the construction of dams, bridges and canals. This has been beneficial for the people of the nation and also useful in uplifting the economy of India.
• River Ganga is considered as a holy river in Hindus and therefore the cities and towns located on this river are the major spots for tourists. People of different parts of the nation come to take bath in the river and attain its blessings. The increase in tourism helps in boosting the economy of the nation.

The Flora And Fauna Of River Ganga Basin

The large Ganga Basin was rich in different varieties of flora and fauna but the wave of human development has totally changed the scenario. Many areas of the river basin rich in natural vegetation have been converted into agricultural lands or urban areas full with human settlement. The area along the Himalayan foothills that contribute to be one-fourth of the river basin areas rich in flora and fauna is only left with the natural habitat.

This area also includes the Rajaji National Park, Jim Corbett National Park, and Dudhwa National Parks lying in the river Ganga Basin. The flora in the region of the Ganga river basin has been distinguished and there are very small patches of forest areas left over there. The upper Gangetic plains have tropical moist deciduous forests that are having Sal species in the majority while the lower gangetic plains have open forests. Bombax ceiba, Albizzia procera, Duabanga grandiflora, Sterculia vilosa are the dominant species found in the open forests of lower gangetic plains. 

The river Ganga Basin that once inhabited different wild varieties like Asian Elephants, Bengal Tigers, Indian rhinoceros, gaurs, barasinghas, sloth bears, and Indian Lions is now left with a very small number of species at present. At present, the wild varieties in the river basin are deer, wild boars, wildcats, Indian wolves, golden jackals, and Bengal foxes. The Bengal tigers are confined are now confined only to the Sunderbans area of the Ganga delta.

The Variety Of Fishes, Birds, Reptiles, And Turtles In River Ganga Basin

There are different varieties of birds inhabiting the Ganga river basin. They are myna, parrots, crows, kites, fowls, partridges, etc. Many among them such as the great Indian bustard and lesser florican species have become the threatened species in the entire world. There are about 143 species of fish dwelling in the different sections of the Ganga River Basin. 30 species of fish among them are considered as threatened species because of the prevailing issues like pollution, overfishing, silting of water, and invasive species. Ganges Shark is regarded as a critically endangered species of fish in the river basin.

The Ganga river basin is also home to reptile species like gharial, mugger crocodile, and saltwater crocodiles.  There are different species of aquatic and semi-aquatic species of turtles found in different sections of the river basin. They are northern river terrapin, three-striped roofed turtle, Indian black turtle, red-crowned roofed turtle, black pond turtle, Brahminy river turtle, Indian eyed turtle, brown roofed turtle, Indian tent turtle, Indian flapshell turtle, Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle, Indian peacock softshell turtle, Cantor’s giant softshell turtle different species of turtles harbouring the Ganga river basin but many of them have become endangered species at present.

Ganges River Dolphin- The Most Notable Species Of River Ganga

Ganges River Dolphin is regarded as the national aquatic animal in India and it is known to reside in the freshwater of River Ganga. There was a time when this aquatic creature used to be found in larger numbers in the freshwaters of both river Ganga and Brahmaputra. The number of freshwater dolphins in the Ganga river water at present has severely decreased and become one-fourth of their previous population because of the increasing pollution and the construction of dams in the river.

Is Rising Pollution Of River Ganga A Critical Issue?

River Ganga is stated as the most sacred river of India as well as it is worshipped as a goddess by the people of India. We cannot deny by this fact that the Ganga being the most sacred river of India is also the second most polluted river of the nation. It is really very sad to state that the river that is regarded as the symbol of purity is turning into the most polluted river in the nation. The excessive dumping of waste, effluent discharges from different industries, plunging of cremation ashes, flowers, incense sticks, human wastes, etc have deteriorated the quality of the river water. The river water in some cities has become black in colour.

It is demising to see such condition of river Ganga whose water was once utilized for drinking and bathing purposes by the people. The rising pollution in River Ganga has now become an international issue rather than being a national issue. The growing Ganga river pollution results in deterioration of the quality of water that becomes harmful for several aquatic species of flora and fauna. Several cases of illness due to water-borne infections are also reported in people living near the banks of the river Ganga. Moreover, the issue of global warming is also affecting the melting of the Gangotri glacier that is the source of the river.

Initiatives For Cleaning River Ganga

The growing population of the Ganga River is becoming a crucial issue in the nation. Many programmes have been launched for the purification of the polluted water of River Ganga but none have been much successful in fulfilling the objective. The major cleaning programme for cleaning of river Ganga named Ganga Action Plan (GAP) was initiated in the year 1985. This plan was the dream project of Rajiv Gandhi and was launched with great enthusiasm big expenditure with the motive of cleaning of river Ganga.

 The major motive of this programme was to clean pollution in river water in all districts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal state that lies on the bank of River Ganga. The plan was working with a vision of reducing pollution by stopping the throwing of untreated wastes, effluents and diverting their routes. The result was that the GAP could not become successful in attaining its objective. It is because the plan greatly required the proper implementation for becoming a successful one. The different activities that were responsible for the pollution of the river water were not stopped properly and thus the scenario did not change.

The Initiation Of ‘Namami Gange’

Recently a new project named Namami Gange was launched by the government of India in the year 2014 for cleaning of River Ganga. This project aims to curb the different ways that cause Ganga river pollution. The project also focuses on the building of sewage treatment plants, biodiversity conservation, river surface cleaning, public awareness, etc. Along with the efforts of the government many NGOs have also shown their interest and participated in the cleaning drive of River Ganga. There are many infrastructures built as a result of the efforts of the rejuvenation of river Ganga but the problem of high pollution levels in the river is still prevailing. It requires root implementation of the programmes and policies for making it a successful one. It is also the responsibility of every individual in the nation to help in reducing the Ganga river pollution and cleaning the same.

River Ganga is essential for the existence of the people of India and especially in the regions where it is only the source of drinking water and agricultural purposes. The river basin also provides shelter to a variety of species of flora and fauna. The rising pollution of river water is not a good sign for the people of the nation. We must make effort to reduce the growing pollution in river Ganga and ensure that our efforts might result in the conservation of this natural resource. We must not only give the name goddess to this major river but also treat it like a goddess and help in retaining its purity once again. We all must try to make people aware of the rising pollution in Ganga and also make them understand the reasons behind the same. As an individual, this will be the best way of making effort to save the rivers of our nation.

I have tried to include every essential detail in the long essay on River Ganga provided above. I hope that you will love and enjoy reading the essay on River Ganga.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions On River Ganga

Ans. The National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was established in the year 2009.

Ans. River Ganga was brought to earth from heaven by the great king Bhagirathi.

Ans. Ghaghara is the largest tributary of River Ganga.

Ans. The Kanpur city in Uttar Pradesh state of India is the largest city on the bank of River Ganga.

Ans. Kosi is the tributary of River Ganga that is regarded as the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’.

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Essay on the ganga river | india.

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Here is an essay on the ‘Ganga River’ for class 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on the ‘Ganga River’ especially written for school and college students in Hindi language.

Essay on the Ganga River

Essay # 1. introduction to the ganga river :.

Our rivers have been most precious to us since times imme­morial. The alluvial soil brought by them has made their banks and adjoining plains so fertile that our country would never run short of food and fodder, if we use proper methods of cultivation. That is the reason why we reverse our rivers.

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru once observed that he was looking for a man who could write the history of our rivers. Long after his death, turned up a professor who began to narrate his story of our rivers. Out of 14 major rivers, 12 are defiled with municipal and industrial wastes; the holy river Ganga is at best a sewage east of Sues. Waves of concern rippled through the country.

None could challenge the scientific data collected with utmost silence and meticulously collated. He worked out the conceptual remedy to restore Ganga to her health. It is now known as the ‘Action Plan for the prevention of pollution of the Ganga’. It was initially Professor Nilay Chaudhri who thought of this.

The river Ganga, the life-line of millions of people has, over the years, been subjected to tremendous pressures Most of its water in the upper reaches is diverted into canals; untreated sewage and industrial effluents are dumped into the river at numerous places and the residues of pesticides and insecticides used in the forms are washed into it.

This situation, already one of alarming proportions has been further aggravated by deforestation resulting in silting, floods and reduced navigational possibilities.

Recognising the magnitude of this problem, and realising the importance of water quality as a cardinal element of manage­ment, the Government of India, in February, 1985 set up the Central Ganga Authority for the planning and execution of a time bound programme to prevent the pollution of the river Ganga which is now better known as ‘Ganga Action Plan’.

The basic principle for the plan is simple. The stoppage of discharge of sewage and sullage would reduce the pollution by almost 75 per cent. Class I cities (population over one lakh), 29 in number, cover 82.3 per cent of the total urban population living in urban settlements on the river banks. The volume of sewage produced by them constitutes 88.5 per cent of the total volume of sewage flowing into the river. The construction of interceptors to divert the flow of sewage and other liquid wastes from Ganga is probably the surest way to reduce the pollution load. The proposal does not stop at that.

The dirty black sewage is simultaneously obnoxious and a resource. It is a very rich source of energy (through the pro­duction of biogas) and manuriol matter whose utilisation can increase the crop yield substantially. The action Plan envisages construction of treatment plants. “Each treatment location should be viewed as a factory for resource recycling where sewage is the raw material, and energy in the form of biogas, manure, poultry feed, fish, and irrigant are marketable products. The items of resource recovery should not be an afterthought but an integral part of the scheme.”

Essay # 2. Ganga – The Holy River:

No river evokes such feelings in the human mind as the Ganga does. She is loved not only by the Hindus but also by non-Hindus including the non-religious people for one reason or another. And all this just because she is ‘Ganga’. Indeed, it is difficult to explain the charm she exudes, but the fact remains that the charm has remained intact through the centuries despite all the scientific progress that has taken place and the debunking religion has come in for.

A British scientist was once shocked when he learnt of an Indian colleague taking a dip in the Ganga on an auspicious evening; he wondered how superstition had prevailed over science. What is even more interesting is the case of a non-Hindu, Russian scientist who plunged into the Ganga when someone pointed out the holy river to him. One wonders what the British scientist would have to say had he seen the sight. But then love is beyond reason.

The very name ‘Ganga’ conjures up a picture of holiness’ of a peace and joy, of beauty and sweetness, of all that is uplifting to the mind of a Hindu. She is not just a river, she is a symbol of something higher than what the world has to offer. If Himalaya is a yogin steeped in meditation, Ganga, rising from his heart is the culmination of that meditation. She is a blessing for all, good or bad.

Flowing through the plains that gives India both physical and spiritual nourishment. She is, in short, her life and soul. She is the bridge between heaven and earth. She is civility in the form of water, according to Shri Ramakrishna, industries may pollute her water but she remain as holy as ever, retaining her sanctifying dowers.

According to Jawaharlal Nehru, the stay of Ganga is the story of India’s civilisation and culture. It is indeed so, for India and Ganga both seem to be marching towards common goal, the goal of truth. When she falls from the Himalayas, she is a tiny stream but when she meets the sea she becomes infinite. And it is by attaining this infinity that she attains liberation, for there are no more banks to limit her size. Truth is another name for infinity. So it is truth that both India and Ganga are seeking.

But how does one attain truth? By renouncing that which is finite, small and transient. As if to remind one of this, the waters of the Ganga have a yellow, gerua-like look, emphasising that truth is above everything else and that truth can be attained any through renunciation. Ganga is holy because she conveys this message.

Truth is also India’s eternal message. God and truth are synonymous to a Hindu, the Ganga is dear to him because she is his mother, one who not only protects and reins him but also teaches and guides, it is difficult to imagine Hinduism without Ganga. According to Swami Vivekananda, the Gita and Ganga constitute, between themselves, the essence of Hinduism one its theory, and the other its practice.

Essay # 3. Ganga – From Gomukh to Bay of Bengal:

The Ganga rises in the snowbound heights of the Himalayas, nearly 4000 metres above sea level, from a dark. Icy cavern shaped like the mouth of a cow (known as Gomukh).

It protrudes out of 100 m high and drops sills of – ice and sheets of water. On the other side of the snout, is the Gangotri glacier which is more than 30 km, in length, 2 km, in breadth and 1000 feet in depth. How gigantic an ice-stream it is, so long, so wide and so deep! It is said to be a remnant of the last ice age.

From Gomukh, the Bhagirathi flows on, now an imperious river, now a cool crystal cascade, now a fuming, roaring torrent pushing on moraines, kicking off boulders and crashing ice till it joins the Alaknanda of Dev Prayag. From there onwards, the river calms down a bit and is called the Ganga.

The Alaknanda is also a very holy river, it rises from a glacier lying on the eastern face of the Chauknambha mountain. The Alaknanda is joined by a small river the Dhauliganga at Vishnu Prayag, by the Burhi Ganga at Guptaprayag, by the Nandakini at Nandprayag by the Pineda at Karanprayag and by the Manciakind at Rudra prayag. All these prayagas are considered holy by the hindus ; so is Devprayag. There are six prayagas in the Himalayas. The seventh once is at Allahabad where the Ganga is joined by The Yamuna. After Allahabad, down the stream there are no prayagas though many rivers fall into the Ganga.

The Ganga and its tributaries have a peculiar tendency to flow for some distance parallel to the Himalayan ranges if deep ravines but then they take acute band and flow in deep gorges transversely. These gorges are sometimes hundreds or metres deep and appear awesome from above, and the river below looks like a thread.

One other feature of these rivers which may be interesting to you is that the Bhagirathi flows initially from east to west and then takes a turn from west to east, whereas Alaknanda flows initially from west to east and then turns, and flows east to west till it joins the Bhagirathi at Devprayag. Thus, these two rivers flowing in opposite direc­tions join to form a garland at Devprayag.

At Devaprayag, the Bhagirathi is joined by the Alakananda (which originates above Badrinath near the Indo-Tibet border and receives the waters of Mandakini at Rudraprayag) to form the great Ganga river.

From a swift moving stream the Ganga grows into a wide river just before it touches the plains at Rishikesh. Then begins its over 2000 km-long journey through the heart Of India, the Indo-Gangetic plain—before it falls into the Bay of Bengal.

The Ganga enters plains at Hardwar which is called ‘Haridwar’ by the Vaishnavites and ‘Hardwar’ by the Shaivites, for the word ‘Hari’ means Vishnu and ‘Har’ Shiva, and ‘Dwar’ means gate. From Hardwar, the Ganga starts slowing down its pace. Its speed is reduced substantially at Kanpur and Allahabad, and is further reduced at Patna and still further at Monghyr. After that, the Ganga flows very sluggishly till it falls into the Bay of Bengal.

On its way, the Ganga is joined by many rivers – by the Ram Ganga at Kannauj, and by the Yamuna and the mythical, invisible Saraswati at Allahabad.

After Allahabad, the Ganga receives several major tribu­taries at more frequent intervals– the Tons and Sone, the Gomti, the Ghagra, the Gandak, the Burhi Gandak and the Kosi.

Further east, beyond Farakka in Bangladesh, the Ganga branches into the Padma. Here, once again, Ganga takes the name Bhagirathi and winds down the last stretch-the delta of West Bengal, before it merges with the Bay of Bengal under the name Hooghly.

In its 2525 km long course, the Ganga dramatically varies her pace and form. No more than a few feet wide in the Himalayas, it is a tumbling, boisterous stream in the hills, and a deep, fast flowing river at Rishikesh where it enters the plains. In the plains of Uttar Pradesh, it is a bed of sand in summer. In Bihar, it is a vast expanse of water, 4 to 14 kilometers in width.

The tributaries of the Ganga account for 60% of the total water of the river. Though the Ganga and the Yamuna are often referred to as the twin sisters, in terms of flow, Ghagra is the more important tributary—20% of the Ganga waters are fed by Ghagra as against 16% by the Yamuna.

Essay # 4. Ganga – Its Importance:

No other river affects the lives of so many people in so many states of India as the Ganga. It is the largest river basin in our country covering over one-fourth of its total surface area. From the source to the sea via the Bhagirathi-Hooghly it is a run of over 2,500 km.

The Ganga is among the first 10 mighty rivers in the world in average annual run-off measured in terms of thousand million cubic meters. Its basin has a total population of nearly 45 million, of which about 50 per cent live in Uttar Pradesh, ten per cent in Bihar and 40 per cent in West Bengal.

It is obvious why the fate of such a river should be equated with the destiny of the millions who live on her banks or its numerous tributaries; why fluctuations in its flow are watched over with so much anxiety, its pollution creates, near-panic and share of its water among contending claimants generates so much of heat.

Strictly speaking, there are eight states in India which form parts of the Ganga basin, or more precisely, together act as the catchment area of the main river. But the recipients of major benefits are, by and large, only the three states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.

Among all the river basins in India, the Ganga basin has the largest irrigation facilities in which canals play a dominant role. There are four major irrigation projects in operation, all in U.P. viz., the Upper Ganga Canal System, Lower Ganga Canal System, the three pumped canal System, the three pum­ped canal schemes of Dalmau, Bhoupali and Zamania and the Ramganga project, to increase the irrigation capacity of the Upper and Lower Canal Systems.

To augment further the role of the Upper and Lower Canal Systems, the Tehri Dam and the Kotli Bhel Dam are being constructed. Moreover, a new canal system is now being introduced in Uttar Pradesh known the Madhya Ganga Canal System. Thus, it is obvious that the entire irrigation system of U P. hinges on the supply of water from the Ganga.

If the Ganga is the mainstay of irrigation in U.P. it has been a supplier of precious fresh water to industries in all the three riparian states. According to a survey conducted by the Central Water and Power Commission, the hydro-power generation potential of Ganga lies mainly in the U.P Himalayas and this has been largely neglected area. However, four major thermal power plants in the country depend on Ganga water — at Pankhi in Kanpur, Barauni in Bihar, Farakka in Murshidabad and Bendel in Hooghly.

Uttar Pradesh is a growing industrial state and is favoured by large investments from the Centre. Kanpur is well-known for its cotton, jute and woolen textiles, Varanasi for silk and light engineering Allahabad for light engineering while Hardwar has made its mark on the industrial map of India for the production of antibiotics and heavy electricals. Moreover, U.P. is one of the principal sugar producing states in the country with factories dotting the banks of the Ganga throughout its 1,500 kilometer run in the state.

Comparatively speaking, Bihar is neither a substantial user of Ganga water for irrigation nor for industries. In its 450 kilometres stretch through Bihar, only in Patna and Bhagalpur are there are some uses by small and light engineering industries.

West Bengal’s industrial economy, on the other hand, has been largely dependent on Ganga water since the founding of Calcutta nearly 300 years ago. For the Calcutta Metropolitan District, the hub of industries in the state, the prime supplier of water is the Ganga. Decrepit but still the most important agro- jute is concentrated on the banks of the Bhagirathi Hooghly together with a large number of light and medium engineering factories.

It is generally not realised that though not comparable to the needs of agriculture, industry also requires a significant amount of fresh water. By 1980 the total requirement of such water in the country was about 12,000 – 15,000 million cubic metre and at the end of this century this amount is expected to go to 35,000 million cubic metres. The share of the three riparian Ganga states will be considerable, particularly of UP and Bihar, because the CMD has almost reached saturation point in industrial congestion.

The third important area of the Ganga’s contribution to the north Indian economy is supplying water for domestic and municipal requirements. One would do well to remember that the Ganga plain has the highest concentration of people in India. It has 29 class cities, 71 class II and class III towns and numerous small towns belonging to Census categories of IV, V and VI. But more numerous are its rural population.

It is assumed that domestic requirements of water for urban and rural populations in a tropical country like India are 60 gallons per day per capita for the former and half of that for the latter. It has also been calculated that by the end of this century the demand for domestic water from the Ganga will rise to about 62,000 million cubic metres. U.P. once again, will be the major claimant for the supply of such water.

Lastly, there is the demand for navigation, particularly for the existence of the Calcutta Haldia Port complex. The quantum agreed upon by all experts is a minimum flow of 45,000 cusecs all the year round through the river at the Calcutta port site. Add to this the needs of fish, wildlife and for recreation.

If we calculate the existing share of the different demands on Ganga water, it becomes clear that of present the largest claimant (over 75 per cent) is irrigation, the rest being shared among industries, domestic and municipal demands, power and transportation. It is obvious that this is on unbalanced situation and that with such an overwhelming demand for Ganga water by agriculture, particularly in the upper reaches of the river, the crisis of the Calcutta-Haldia port complex is bound to persist and deepen. Such is the role of the Ganga in India’s life.

The alarm sounded about Ganga water pollution has lately added to the complexity of the present situation. To maintain and strengthen the vital role played by the Ganga in the life and economy of the country, a four-pronged approach has been advocated by experts. The first among these concerns the problem of augmentation of flow in the river, which is the most vital single step for its rejuvenation. The second aims at pollution control. The third and the fourth deal with the controlled use of water not only territorially, but all sectorally.

It is known that despite its being a flow resource of consider­able magnitude, the increasing demand of the growing popula­tion in its basin makes this resource increasingly more scarce in the lean months when the volume of flow is substantially reduced. With the onset of the rainy season and extended over to a few months afterwards the flow is much more than we shall be able to consume even with higher demands in future. Most of it flows into the sea.

The problem is to prevent this waste; to use the excess water to augment the flow in the dry period, thus ensuring a continuous and steady supply of Ganga water throughout the year.

This involves detailed planning for the storage of excess water by a string of dams all along the Himalayan foothills in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and possibly a linkage between the Brahmaputra and the Ganga. There is already a proposal of a system of interlinking canals to pour the surplus flow of the Kosi, Gandak, Burhi Gandak and the Ghagra to the west into the Ganga, construction of a number of dams in Nepal Tehri and at other places.

The scheme is time consuming and entails heavy expenditure. But it can be phased out in the coming plan periods as we have done in many cases.

Two other aspects of the plan for the Ganga should be to introduce rational use of water sectorally as well as territorially. In all advanced countries, river water is budgeted carefully and allocations made for the four major users-agriculture, industry domestic and municipal requirement sand transport. Runaway use by one sector at the expense of all others is not allowed, for in the ultimate cost benefit accountancy, it is not only wasteful but also extremely dangerous and harmful for the country in the long run.

Same is the problem with territorial distribution of possible uses. Even leaving out the knotty question of whether the Ganga is an international river and whether there should be proper sharing of its water between different countries, the fact remains that the Ganga certainly is an interstate river and that all users have the same claim over its water.

Such claims cannot be wished away as narrow, regional or parochial. There is as much justification for U.P. farmers to draw irrigation water from the Ganga as the people of Bihar asking a much larger share of this water for agriculture and industry or the people of West Bengal petitioning for 40,000 cusecs all the year round to save the Calcutta-Haldia port complex.

Unfortunately for us, Indian planning so far has been largely one sided and partial depending on the strength of the lobby which can move the planning mechanism of the Union govern­ment most effectively. Take for example the case of irrigation projects.

One very competent and high-placed officer in the Union ministry of agriculture wrote that our irrigation plans were drafted in isolation and failed to take note of the many other vital questions linked with the construction of dams and canals for the use of water.

As for example, our irrigation projects plan for the supply of water but not drainage, construct dams but do not envisage maintenance of water sheds, dig the main canals but do not plan detailed field distribution, avoid making conjunctive use of surface and ground water in order at conserve our water resources to the maximum possible extent, supply water to one region and forget about the others.

So far the line has been to use short cuts without a compre­hensive understanding of the problem. The result may prove to be disastrous in the coming years of which there are ample indications already. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to realise that a proper regional and sectoral budget for the use of Ganga water is in the interest of the nation as a whole.

Lastly comes the question of pollution. So much has been written on Ganga water pollution in recent months that we need not elaborate on the problem here. It can be noted that though pollution of Ganga water is a big problem by itself, it cannot be tackled seriously without augmenting the flow or maintaining a strict control on the use of its waters by sectors or regions

In short, there is a strong case of advocating a policy of planned use, conservation and development of Ganga water. Not only to meet the problems of today but more so of the future. A piecemeal approach, which has become the practice with our policy-makers, may irreparably damage this supremely important flow resource of India and deliver a crippling blow to the health and economy of one of the largest and most densely settled river valleys in the world.

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Essay On River Ganga

Table of Contents

Short Essay On River Ganga

The River Ganga, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most important and revered rivers in India. It is considered to be a symbol of spiritual and cultural significance for the people of India and is worshipped as a goddess by millions of Hindus.

The River Ganga originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows over 2,500 km through northern India and Bangladesh, before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river is considered to be the lifeline of northern India, as it supports the lives and livelihoods of millions of people who live along its banks.

In addition to its cultural and spiritual significance, the River Ganga also plays a crucial role in the economic and environmental health of the region. The river provides water for agriculture, hydropower, and drinking water for hundreds of millions of people. The Ganges Delta is one of the most fertile and productive agricultural regions in the world and is home to a rich diversity of flora and fauna.

Despite its importance, the River Ganga is facing a number of environmental challenges. The rapid industrialization and urbanization of the region have led to increased pollution levels in the river, which has had serious impacts on the health of the river and the people who depend on it. The river is also facing problems from over-extraction of water, which is reducing its flow and affecting the health of the delta.

To address these challenges, there have been a number of efforts to clean and restore the River Ganga. The government of India has launched the National River Conservation Plan, which aims to clean the river and improve its ecological health. There have also been efforts by NGOs and local communities to reduce pollution and protect the river, through initiatives such as cleaning up waste, planting trees along the riverbank, and promoting sustainable development practices.

In conclusion, the River Ganga is a vital and important part of India’s cultural, economic, and environmental heritage. Despite the challenges it faces, there is hope that with collective action, the river can be protected and restored for future generations. By working together to protect this precious resource, we can ensure that the River Ganga remains a source of life and inspiration for generations to come.

Long Essay On River Ganga

The River Ganga is one of the most sacred rivers in India. It has a long and glorious history and is widely popular for its religious significance. The river is also famous for its natural beauty, which has made it a popular tourist destination. In this essay, we will explore the religious significance of the River Ganga and its place in Indian history.

What is River Ganga?

The River Ganga is one of the longest and most important rivers in India. It originates in the Himalayas and flows through north-eastern India before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river has a circumference of 2,145 kilometers, making it the world’s sixth-longest river. The Ganga is also one of the most polluted rivers in the world and its water is heavily contaminated with toxins from human activity. However, despite these challenges, the Ganga continues to be an important part of Indian culture and heritage.

Origin of River Ganga

The River Ganga originates in the southern slopes of the Himalayas. It flows through India for a thousand kilometres before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river has a major religious and cultural significance to millions of people in India and Bangladesh. The river is also an important source of irrigation for crops and hydroelectric power generation. The name Ganga comes from the Sanskrit word “gandha” meaning “a kind of fragrant oil”. The original source of the river was a spring in the Himalayas. Over time, the river’s course shifted and it now flows through India and Bangladesh. The Ganga is one of the longest rivers in India. It is also one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The river has a major religious and cultural significance to millions of people in India and Bangladesh. The river is also an important source of irrigation for crops and hydroelectric power generation.

Physical Features of River Ganga

The River Ganga is one of the most sacred rivers in India. It originates in the Himalayas, flows through Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river has a total length of 2,525 km and drains an area of 1,eth2 km2.

The River Ganga is a seasonal river and its flow decreases during the monsoon season. The average discharge is 80 million cubic metres per day (MCM). The main tributaries are the Bhagirathi, Beas, Sutlej, Yamuna and Chambal. The river has a very low discharge during winter when snow melts in the mountains and groundwater seeps into the channels. During summer, however, discharge increases as water evaporates from lakes and ponds in Gangetic plains.

The fertile alluvial soil along the banks of the Ganga and its tributaries forms many large cities such as Varanasi, Allahabad and Kanpur. These cities were once located at various points on the banks of other rivers but were gradually moved to their present locations because of the favourable physical features offered by these stretches of land on either side of Ganga.

Religious Significance of River Ganga

The River Ganga, also known as the Gangetic River, is a trans-boundary river that originates in the Himalayas in northern India and empties into the Bay of Bengal. The Ganga’s religious significance dates back over 3,500 years to the time of the Vedic period when it was believed to be a source of divine purification. The Ganga is now widely considered to be one of the most sacred rivers in Hinduism and is central to several important religious ceremonies and rituals.

The Ganges Delta is home to around 100 million people who rely on its waterways for drinking, irrigation, energy production, and transportation. The Ganges Delta contributes around 20% of India’s GDP and supports more than 25% of India’s population. Several large cities – including Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Mumbai, and Bangalore – are situated on or near the banks of the Ganges River.

The river has been responsible for significant environmental damage over the years due to improper sewage disposal and industrial pollution. However, recent initiatives by various governments have led to improved conditions along parts of the riverbanks.

Cultural Significance of River Ganga

The river Ganga is one of the most venerated and important rivers in Hinduism. It is also revered by Buddhists, Jains, and Muslims. The Ganges Basin is one of the most densely populated regions on earth, with over 1 billion people living within its watershed. The river has a profound cultural significance for these diverse groups of people.

The Hindus regard the Ganges as the goddess Gaṇeśa’s earthly abode. They believe that she bathes in her own divine light every night at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers, near Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh. The devout visit this spot to offer prayers and drink holy water from the river.

The river also plays an important role in religious ceremonies for both Hindus and Muslims. For example, during Muharram, or the month of mourning commemorating Prophet Muhammad’s death, Muslims gather at Ghaziabad to cleanse themselves before they make their way to Mecca to perform Hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca). Similarly, Hindus take a sacred dip in the river before worshipping Krishna at his birthplace in Vrindavan during Navratri (the nine nights leading up to Durga Puja).

The spiritual significance of the Ganges doesn’t end with religion. Many poets have written about its beauty and power. For example, Rabindranath Tagore wrote “Ganga Mahakali” about a girl who dies drinking from the river:

Ecological Importance of River Ganga

The River Ganga is one of the most important rivers in India. The river originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows through Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river has a length of 2,525 miles (4,090 km) and a drainage area of 21,500 square miles (54,000 km2). The Ganges is a major source of water for millions people in eastern India and Bangladesh.

The Ganges is significant for its ecological importance. It is one of the longest and largest rivers in Asia and supports a large variety of aquatic life. The tidal range on the Ganges is high which helps to maintain fresh water fish populations while preventing salt water fish from entering the river. The river also serves as a natural filter for removing pollutants from local waterways.

The Ganges has been an important religious site for Hindus for centuries. It is said that Lord Ram donated parts of his hair to flow down the river towards Kashi Vishwanath Temple where it continues to be worshipped today. The temple is one of India’s most popular tourist destinations and receives millions of visitors every year.

Water Quality of River Ganga

The River Ganga is considered one of the most sacred rivers in India. It originates in the Himalayas and flows through northern India before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. The river is home to a variety of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

The water quality of the Ganga has been a matter of concern for years. In recent years, there have been reports of pollution and degradation of the river’s environment. Poor water quality has caused an increase in respiratory problems, skin diseases, gastroenteritis and other illnesses.

One major cause of the water quality problems is industrialization along the banks of the river. Many factories discharge their wastewater intoriver Ganga untreated or with minimal treatment. This pollution results in high levels of dissolved solids, toxic metals and nutrients such as phosphates which can kill aquatic life and disturb the delicate balance of oxygen levels in the water.

Several measures have been taken to improve water quality along the Ganga. governments have set up sewage treatment plants and introduced effluent restrictions to reduce pollution from industry. Community-based organizations also work to educate people about proper waste disposal methods and help them adopt safer habits .

Impact of Industrial Development on River Ganga

The impact of industrial development on River Ganga has been a controversial topic for many years. The river is revered as a holy entity in Hinduism, and many people feel that any kind of industrialization should not take place near the river. There are several reasons why people are concerned about the impact of industrialization on the river.

One reason is that the river is a vital source of water for millions of people living in the Gangetic plains. Any pollution from industry could severely damage the water supply, leading to widespread unemployment and poverty. Additionally, industrial development can also cause emissions that harm human health. In particular, factories that produce heavy metals and other pollutants can release harmful chemicals into the air, which can then be breathed in by people living nearby.

Another issue with industrial development near the river is aesthetic considerations. Many people view the river as an important cultural icon and want to protect it from any damage or destruction. Industry can also contribute to increased traffic congestion and air pollution, both of which can have a negative impact on the cityscape around the river.

In spite of these concerns, there are some proponents of industrial development near River Ganga who believe that it can be done responsibly and without damaging the environment. They point out that modern technologies can be used to minimize environmental impacts, and that there are alternative sources of water if industry does pollute the river.

Manisha Dubey Jha is a skilled educational content writer with 5 years of experience. Specializing in essays and paragraphs, she’s dedicated to crafting engaging and informative content that enriches learning experiences.

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Essay on Ganga River – Samples, 10 Lines to 1500 Words

Essay on Ganga River: The Ganga River holds a special place in the hearts of millions of people in India. Revered as a sacred river by Hindus, it is not just a source of water but a symbol of purity and spirituality. In this essay, we will explore the significance of the Ganga River in Indian culture, its historical importance, the current challenges it faces, and the efforts being made to protect and preserve this iconic river. Join me as we delve into the depths of the Ganga River and uncover its true essence.

Table of Contents

Ganga River Essay Writing Tips

1. Introduction: Start your essay by introducing the Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, which is one of the most sacred rivers in India. Mention its significance in Hindu mythology and its importance in Indian culture and spirituality.

2. Historical background: Provide a brief overview of the history of the Ganga River, including its origins in the Himalayas and its journey through the northern plains of India. Mention its role in the development of ancient civilizations along its banks.

3. Pollution and environmental degradation: Discuss the current state of the Ganga River, highlighting the pollution and environmental degradation it is facing due to industrial waste, sewage discharge, and agricultural runoff. Mention the impact of pollution on the river’s ecosystem and the health of people living along its banks.

4. Government initiatives: Talk about the various government initiatives taken to clean up the Ganga River, such as the Namami Gange project launched by the Indian government in 2014. Discuss the challenges faced in implementing these initiatives and the progress made so far in cleaning up the river.

5. Cultural significance: Explore the cultural significance of the Ganga River in India, mentioning its role in religious ceremonies, festivals, and rituals. Discuss how the river is considered a source of spiritual purification and how millions of people visit its banks to take a dip in its holy waters.

6. Economic importance: Highlight the economic importance of the Ganga River, mentioning its role in agriculture, fishing, and tourism. Discuss how the river supports the livelihoods of millions of people living along its banks and the need to protect its resources for future generations.

7. Conclusion: Summarize your essay by emphasizing the importance of preserving and protecting the Ganga River for its cultural, environmental, and economic significance. Encourage readers to take action to help clean up the river and ensure its sustainability for future generations.

Essay on Ganga River in 10 Lines – Examples

1. The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most sacred rivers in India. 2. It is a trans-boundary river that flows through India and Bangladesh. 3. The Ganga River is considered holy by Hindus and is worshipped as a goddess. 4. It is believed that bathing in the Ganga River can cleanse one’s sins and bring salvation. 5. The river is home to a diverse range of aquatic life, including the endangered Ganges river dolphin. 6. The Ganga River basin is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. 7. The river is facing severe pollution due to industrial waste, sewage, and agricultural runoff. 8. Efforts are being made to clean up the Ganga River, including the government’s Namami Gange project. 9. The Ganga River is a lifeline for millions of people who depend on it for drinking water, agriculture, and livelihoods. 10. Despite its challenges, the Ganga River remains a symbol of spirituality, culture, and tradition in India.

Sample Essay on Ganga River in 100-180 Words

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most sacred rivers in India. It holds immense cultural and religious significance for millions of people in the country. The river originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows through several states before finally emptying into the Bay of Bengal.

The Ganga River is not just a source of spiritual nourishment, but also plays a crucial role in the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on it for agriculture, fishing, and transportation. However, over the years, the river has become heavily polluted due to industrial waste, sewage, and garbage dumping. This has led to a decline in water quality and poses a serious threat to the health of those who rely on the river.

Efforts are being made to clean up the Ganga River and restore its pristine glory. The government has launched various initiatives and programs to reduce pollution and promote sustainable practices along the river. It is essential that we all come together to protect and preserve this sacred river for future generations.

Short Essay on Ganga River in 200-500 Words

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most sacred rivers in India. It holds immense cultural, religious, and historical significance for the people of India. The river originates in the Himalayas and flows through several states before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. It is considered a lifeline for millions of people who depend on it for their livelihoods, as well as for spiritual and religious practices.

The Ganga River is revered by Hindus as a goddess and is worshipped as a source of purity and salvation. It is believed that bathing in the holy waters of the Ganga can wash away one’s sins and bring spiritual enlightenment. Many people travel from far and wide to take a dip in the river and perform rituals and ceremonies along its banks. The river is also home to several sacred sites and temples, making it a popular pilgrimage destination for devotees.

Apart from its religious significance, the Ganga River plays a crucial role in the ecosystem and economy of the region. It supports a diverse range of flora and fauna, including several endangered species. The river basin is also home to millions of people who rely on it for agriculture, fishing, and transportation. The Ganga River is a source of irrigation for fertile lands, providing water for crops and sustaining livelihoods for farmers.

However, despite its cultural and ecological importance, the Ganga River is facing numerous challenges. Pollution, industrial waste, and sewage discharge have severely contaminated the river, making it one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The high levels of pollution have led to a decline in water quality, affecting both human health and the ecosystem. The government has launched several initiatives to clean up the river, including the Ganga Action Plan and the Namami Gange project, but progress has been slow and the river continues to face threats from pollution and over-extraction of water.

Efforts are being made to revive the Ganga River and restore its glory. Several organizations and environmentalists are working towards cleaning up the river and raising awareness about the importance of preserving its ecosystem. It is crucial for all stakeholders, including the government, industries, and local communities, to come together and take collective action to protect and conserve the Ganga River for future generations.

In conclusion, the Ganga River holds a special place in the hearts of millions of people in India. It is not just a river but a symbol of faith, culture, and tradition. It is essential to safeguard the Ganga River and ensure its sustainability for the well-being of both people and the environment. Only through concerted efforts and collective action can we preserve the sanctity and purity of this sacred river for generations to come.

Essay on Ganga River in 1000-1500 Words

The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is one of the most sacred rivers in India. It is not just a river, but a symbol of purity, spirituality, and life itself. The Ganga River holds immense cultural, religious, and ecological significance for the people of India. It is considered the lifeline of millions of people who depend on it for their livelihoods, spiritual beliefs, and daily needs.

The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows through the northern states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. It is the longest river in India, stretching over 2,500 kilometers. The Ganga River basin is home to over 400 million people, making it one of the most densely populated regions in the world.

The Ganga River has been revered by Hindus for thousands of years. According to Hindu mythology, the river is considered the goddess Ganga, who descended from the heavens to purify the souls of the dead and provide salvation to the living. The Ganga is worshipped as a mother figure, and millions of Hindus take a dip in its holy waters to cleanse their sins and attain spiritual enlightenment.

The Ganga River is also a source of livelihood for millions of people living along its banks. It provides water for irrigation, fishing, and transportation, supporting agriculture and trade in the region. The river is a lifeline for farmers who depend on its waters for growing crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane. The Ganga River basin is one of the most fertile regions in India, producing a significant portion of the country’s food grains.

Despite its cultural and economic significance, the Ganga River is facing numerous challenges that threaten its health and sustainability. Pollution is one of the biggest threats to the Ganga River, with industrial waste, sewage, and agricultural runoff contaminating its waters. The river is also heavily dammed and diverted for hydropower projects, disrupting its natural flow and causing water scarcity in downstream areas.

The pollution of the Ganga River has reached alarming levels, with high levels of toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and pathogens in its waters. The river is also choked with plastic waste, sewage, and other pollutants, posing a serious threat to the health of people and ecosystems dependent on it. The pollution of the Ganga River has led to a decline in water quality, loss of biodiversity, and increased incidence of waterborne diseases in the region.

The Indian government has launched several initiatives to clean up the Ganga River and restore its health. The Namami Gange program, launched in 2014, aims to rejuvenate the Ganga River by reducing pollution, conserving water resources, and promoting sustainable development in the region. The program includes measures like setting up sewage treatment plants, promoting organic farming, and creating awareness about the importance of the Ganga River.

Despite these efforts, the Ganga River continues to face challenges in its conservation and management. The rapid urbanization and industrialization in the Ganga River basin have put immense pressure on its resources, leading to overexploitation and degradation of its ecosystems. Climate change is also affecting the flow of the river, with changing rainfall patterns and melting glaciers altering its hydrology.

To ensure the long-term sustainability of the Ganga River, it is essential to adopt a holistic approach to its conservation and management. This includes addressing the root causes of pollution, promoting sustainable water use practices, and involving local communities in decision-making processes. The Ganga River is not just a river; it is a symbol of India’s cultural heritage, ecological diversity, and spiritual beliefs. It is our collective responsibility to protect and preserve this sacred river for future generations.

In conclusion, the Ganga River is a symbol of India’s rich cultural heritage and natural diversity. It is a source of life, livelihood, and spirituality for millions of people living along its banks. The Ganga River faces numerous challenges in its conservation and management, including pollution, overexploitation, and climate change. It is essential for all stakeholders to come together and work towards the sustainable management of the Ganga River to ensure its health and vitality for generations to come. Let us all pledge to protect and preserve the Ganga River, the lifeline of India.

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Short Essay on Ganga River in English

The Ganga is a holy river of India. River Ganga has been originated from the Gomukh cave of the Gangotri glacier.

River Bhagirathi and Alaknanda come met at Devprayag to form the river Ganga. It rises in the Indian state of Uttarakhand which is in the part of Western Himalayas, flows through Uttar Prades, Bihar and West Bengal.

Moreover, the water of Ganga is used for agricultural and industrial activities. The river has formed the most fertile flood plains in the world.

Table of Contents

Question on Ganga river

Where is the ganga river situated.

It rises in the Indian state of Uttarakhand which is in the part of Western Himalayas, flows through Uttar Prades, Bihar and West Bengal.

How many rivers meet in Ganga?

River Bhagirathi and Alaknanda come met at Devprayag to form the river Ganga.

Which is the national river of India?

Which is the largest dam in india.

Tehri Dam is the largest dam in India.

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10 Lines on Ganga River

February 26, 2024 by Pragya Singh Sisodia

The River Ganga holds a special place in India’s heart as one of the most sacred and vital rivers. Flowing through multiple states and touching the lives of millions, it symbolizes purity and spirituality for Hindus across the country. Despite its religious significance, the Ganga faces pollution challenges, prompting government efforts like the ‘Namami Gange Programme’ to restore its glory.

Below, we have provided 10 lines on Ganga River for classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 students, written in easy and simple words. These 10 lines can help you compose an essay, paragraph, composition, and summary on Ganga River.

• The Ganga River, also known as the Ganges, is considered highly sacred in India.
• It is often referred to as the Mother River by people in India.
• The river originates from the Gangotri glacier’s extreme point, known as Gomukh.
• According to Hindu mythology, the source stream of the Ganga is Bhagirathi.
• River Ganga is designated as the third largest river according to flow rate.
• The Ganges Delta, formed by silt deposition, is the largest delta globally.
• People believe that immersing ashes after cremation in the Ganga leads to moksha.
• The sacred headstreams of the Ganga include Alaknanda, Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini, and Bhaghirati.
• The Ganga River flows through different regions of India and Bangladesh.
• The birth of the Ganga is celebrated as Karunasiri in May or June every year.

10 Lines and Sentences on Ganga River

• The Ganga originates from the Gangotri glacier in Uttarakhand.
• It flows through states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.
• Major cities like Haridwar, Allahabad, Varanasi, and Kolkata are situated along its banks.
• Approximately 40% of India’s population relies on the Ganga for water.
• Hindus believe bathing in the Ganga can cleanse sins.
• Despite its religious significance, the river suffers from pollution issues.
• The Indian government has launched the ‘Namami Gange Programme’ to clean it.
• The Ganga is home to diverse aquatic life, including endangered species like the Ganges river dolphin.
• The river also contributes to hydroelectric power through the Ganga-Brahmaputra river system.
• Its cultural and religious importance makes the Ganga a revered symbol of India’s spiritual heritage.
• The Ganga River starts from the Gangotri glacier, located in the Garhwal region of the Himalayas.
• It is the second-largest river in the Indian subcontinent in terms of water flow.
• Known as River Padma in Bangladesh, Ganga flows through India and Bangladesh, blessing the land with its sacred waters.
• The river travels through states like Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, nurturing the landscape and its people.
• Ganga’s journey spans 3877 km, with 2525 km flowing within India before finally merging into the Bay of Bengal in eastern India.
• Revered for its purity and holiness, Ganga is considered a goddess in Hindu mythology, symbolizing spiritual purification.
• The fertile waters of the Ganga River support agriculture and contribute significantly to the livelihoods of millions of people.
• As the river enters West Bengal, it transforms into the Hooghly River, also known as the Bhagirathi-Hooghly.
• The Ganga River is not just a physical entity but a cultural and spiritual icon, inspiring devotion and reverence among millions.
• Its journey from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal is a testament to the resilience and beauty of nature, enriching the lives of all who depend on its waters.

10 Lines on Ganga River

Ganga River is a very big and sacred river of India and the second largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It originates from Gangotri, which is a large glacier in the Himalayan region and flows through the hills, plains, terrains, etc. Ganga is also a trans-boundary river which flows in India as well as Bangladesh with the name of Padma.

There are several legends that are associated with the Ganga River which makes it the holy and one of the most revered rivers in India. As per Hindu mythology, the Ganga River was named on Goddess Ganga who resides on the heads of Lord Shiv. There are also other names of Ganga River as Bhagirathi, Patit Pawani, etc. The water of the Ganga River is called “Gangajal” and is considered the most sacred water and used in various rituals.

Ten Lines on Ganga River in English

We have provided ten lines on the Ganga River in English. You can add these lines in your essays and paragraph writing in your exam as well as in the school competition. It will support your essays on Ganga River as well as related topics like Ganga River history, Ganga River origin, Ganga River route, tributaries of Ganga, Ganges River facts, few lines on Ganga River, etc.

10 Lines on Ganga River – Set 1

1) Ganga River is the second largest river in the Indian subcontinent by water flow.

2) It flows through India and Bangladesh where it is called as River Padma.

3) This river got its name after the Hindu goddess Ganga and it is considered very sacred.

4) Ganga River starts from the Gangotri glacier which is in the Garhwal region of the Himalayas.

5) Ganga flows from north India and falls into the Bay of Bengal in eastern India.

6) It flows from many states which makes it the lifeline of whole north India.

7) The states through which Ganga flows are Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.

8) The length of the Ganga River is 3877 km where 2525 km flows in the Indian side.

9) The water of the Ganga River is very fertile and is also used for agricultural purposes.

10) When Ganga enters West Bengal, it is known as “Hooghly River” or “Bhagirathi-Hooghly”.

10 Lines on Ganga River – Set 2

1) Ganga River is a sacred river for all the Hindus and it is the lifeline of millions of people who reside near the banks of it.

2) It is a trans-boundary river which not only flows through many states but it also flows between two nations i.e. India and Bangladesh.

3) The length of Ganga which flows in the Indian side is 2525 km out of the total 3877 km and the rest 1352 km flows inside Bangladesh.

4) Ganga River originates from the glacier called as ‘Gangotri’ which lies in the Garhwal region of Himalayas and falls in the Bay of Bengal.

5) Ganga has the largest river basin which extends around 8,38,200 sq. km and has three important courses of flow – Upper, Middle and Lower course.

6) The Ganga basin has the population of approximately 45 million where 50 percent lives in Uttar Pradesh, 10 percent in Bihar and 40 percent in West Bengal.

7) Ganga River has a lot of tributaries like Ghaghara, Yamuna and Ramganga etc and Bhagirathi- Hooghly and Padma are the distributaries of Ganga.

8) The major rivers which flow into Ganga River are Brahmaputra, Gomati, Kosi, Ghaghara, Yamuna and Son.

9) There are several major cities which are located on the banks of Ganga River, namely Rishikesh, Haridwar, Kanpur, Varanasi, Allahabad, Patna and Kolkata.

10) “Ganga Action Plan” (GAP) and “Namami Gange” are two environmental initiatives which were launched to clean the pollution residing in the Ganga River.

10 Lines on Ganga River – Set 3

1) Ganga is a river that has a great religious significance in India.

2) It is called as Mother River by people in India.

3) This sacred river flows through different regions of countries India and Bangladesh.

4) Gomukh the extreme point of Gangotri glacier is the birthplace of river Ganga.

5) River Ganga is designated as the third largest river according to flow rate.

6) Hindu mythology states Bhagirathi as the source stream of the river Ganga.

7) People believe to attain mosksha if the ashes after cremation are immersed in Ganga.

8) Alaknanda, Dhauliganga, Nandakini, Pindar, Mandakini and Bhaghirati are the sacred headstreams of river Ganga.

9) Ganges Delta formed by silt deposition of river Ganga is the largest delta in the world.

10) Karunasiri is celebrated as the birth of the river Ganga in May or June month of every year.

10 Lines on Ganga River – Set 4

1) River Ganga is regarded as the holiest river of Hindus.

2) Varanasi, Rishikesh, Allahabad, Haridwar, Kanpur, Patna, and Kolkata are some cities located on the bank of the river Ganga.

3) It is believed that by bathing in this holy river, we get rid of our sins.

4) The people in India worship the river Ganga as the goddess.

5) River Ganga is called as Hoogly River when it enters West Bengal.

6) It fetches water to most of the people residing riverside.

7) The biodiversity of river Ganga specifies about 140 species of fish and 90 species of amphibians.

8) The condition of river Ganga is deteriorating day by day due to increasing pollution.

9) The worsening condition of river water is a threat to aquatic flora and fauna.

10) A project named ‘Namami Gange’ after the failure of the ‘Ganga Action Plan’ has been launched recently for the purification of the river Ganga.

5 Lines on Ganga River

1)  Ganga is the holiest river in India.

2) It originates from the Himalayas.

3) It is the largest river in India.

4) It is a heavily polluted river in India.

5) Ganga is a lifeline to millions of Indians.

The increasing number of cities and industries developed in few years has largely polluted the water of Ganga. The river which was once a lifeline for half of the nation is now becoming toxic for human beings and for animals on land as well as those living in the river. Operation Clean Ganga was started as a part of the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) in 1986 but the major visible improvement was witnessed through the “Namami Gange” program which was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions on Ganga River

Ans. The glacier in the Himalayas is the main source of the Ganga River.

Ans. Yes, there are several dams constructed on the Ganga River.

Ans. The pollution level in the Ganga River is high due to untreated industrial effluents and sewage. It is now fifth most polluted river in the world.

Ans. Ganga River flows through five states (Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal).

Ans. The old name of the Ganga River is Bhagirathi.

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Essay on Ganga River in English

Essay on Ganga River in English , Rivers are the most beautiful gift of nature. Around the rivers life always flourishes. Rivers are life-giving and it is a very satisfying experience to sit near a river. The river makes a beautiful sound that is soothing to the ears, mind as well as soul. In India, we have many rivers and we worship rivers like our mothers. Rivers give so much to humans and it is not any surprise that why Indians worship them.

Rivers help for everything from producing crops to generating electricity. Today we have dams that we can use to our benefit. There are many cities, villages, and towns in India which are situated on the bank of rivers. This is because rivers are life-giving. There is a huge significance of rivers in the Hindu dharma.

Short Essay on River

In India Rivers are considered holy not just because they promote agriculture and trading in India but because they are associated with our culture, mythology, religion, etc. in India people take holy baths in the rivers. It is believed that taking bath in holy rivers like Ganga and Yamuna can remove all our sins.

In India people also burn the bodies of their dead relatives near rivers. In many villages and holy places, it is believed that if deceased funerals are set on fire near holy rivers travel to heaven. Their ashes are also spread in the rivers like Ganga and Yamuna. There are 7 holy rivers in India and they also have their tributaries. 

The largest river system blends into the Bay of Bengal and the rest merged with the Arabian Sea.  Some of the major rivers are Sapura, Karakoram, Aravali, and the Western Ghats. Rivers of north India come from the Himalayas. Our holy rivers are the Satluj, the Ganga, The Brahmaputra, Ravi and Beas. The South Rivers arise from diverse mountain ranges and the southern Indian rivers are Tapi, Kaveri, Krishna, Mahanadi, Narmada, and Godavari.

Also Read: When is World Rivers Day

Essay on River Ganga in English

The Ganga is a river in India and every Indian knows about the significance of this holy river. The Ganga is called Maa Ganga and it is about 2400 km in length. In the Himalayas, there is gadgetry which is a glacier and the Ganga originates from Gomulka which is also called the Gangotri glacier.

The Ganga flows 320 kilometers from the mountain bed and there it is called Bhagirathi. Bhagirathi then joins Alknanada at Devprayag. The Ganga is the holiest river in India and people love this river from their hearts. From childhood, we are taught about the importance of Ganga. People also gain knowledge about the holy rivers of India from books.

There are many mythological stories where the significance of the Ganga is mentioned in golden ink. It is believed that Ganga comes from the hair of Lord Shiva. There are many small rivers like Ghaghara, Rama Ganga, Gander, Gomati and Kaveri which merge in the Ganga when it left bank.

Ganga has many names in Kolkata it is called Hugliu, in UP it is called Ganga and in Arunachal Pradesh, it is called the Brahmaputra. Lakh of people visit Ganga in Haridwar and this has caused pollution. The government has launched projects like save Ganga to protect this life-giving river.

There are many other major rivers in India like the Yamuna which is a major tributary of the Yamuna and originates from the Yamunotri glacier and flows parallel to Ganga in the end, it meets Ganga in Allahabad city. 

The meeting point of Yamuna and Ganga is Prayag.  Then is the Brahmaputra which is 2880 kilometers long and originates from Kailas Mountain in Tibet. In Tibet, Brahmaputra is called tango and in the end, this river meets the Bay of Bengal. Mahanadi is the largest river that flows in Orissa and is 858 kms long.

It starts from the Amarkantak plateau in Madhya Pradesh and enters Orissa. Its endpoint is also the Bay of Bengal. Godawari is also holy to Indians. It flows through 1440 km and is the largest river in the south. It originates from the Western Ghats of Nasik and meets the Bay of Bengal.

There are many other rivers in India like Kaveri, the Krishna, and Godavari. All these are very long rivers and the heritage of India.  The problem is that our holy rivers are getting pullulated. There is much research done on Indian rivers. The Ganga which is one of the most important rivers of India is totally populated.

Also Read: Monsoon Season Essay in English

Many industries are dumping their trash in the river. People who live near Ganga wash their clothes and throw their household trash in the river. Millions of people gather near the Ganga Ghats to perform rituals where they pure lots of things like plastic bags, flowers, dhoop, etc in the river.

The Ganga river water is holy and though it is polluted it is having healing properties.  Many people visit Ganga just to get rid of their disease. Indians also take Ganga water to their come in cans because it is considered as holy water. There is no ritual in India which is performed without the Ganga water.

River Essay in English

Rivers like Ganga are very precious but humans are showing cruelty towards rivers. People say Ganga their mother but don’t respect its blessings. Humans are hurting rivers and in turn nature is raging and taking everything back.

In Uttarakhand, many times the Ganga has flooded and destroyed all the nearby areas.  It is a lesson for all of us that there is a limit even when it comes to nature. If a mother can bless us with life she can also take it back if we will not respect the blessings of nature.

 The entire population of India is dependent on rivers that flow in the country. We get electricity, cultivation water, drinking water, and rains because of the rivers. We must keep our rivers clean and pure. 

They are beautiful, give life, and also support life. Kindness and respect towards rivers should not be in books but in the real life. Rivers like Ganga and Yamuna gives us away towards Moksha and it is important for Hindus.

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Story of the Ganga River: Its Pollution and Rejuvenation

• First Online: 08 February 2022

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• Himanshu Joshi 2  

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Water is indispensable for the basic subsistence of human beings. No wonder, most of the civilisations have come upon the banks of rivers or in the river valleys as elsewhere in the world (Chaturvedi, 2019). India is a blessed country in terms of having numerous rivers in this regard (Hudda, 2011). Unfortunately, in 2017, the Ganga River, the National Legacy, and the life support of millions of people was classified as the world’s highly polluted river (Mariya et al., 2019). Ganga, with over 2,525 km long main-stem along with her tributaries has constantly provided material, spiritual and cultural sustenance to millions of people living in and around its basin. The riverine water resources provide irrigation, drinking water, economical transportation, electricity, recreation and religious fulfilment, support to the aquatic ecosystem as well as livelihoods for many stakeholders. The myths and anecdotes about the river and its connection with the people and nature date back to ancient times (Kaushal et al., 2019).

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Ganga – Our Endangered Heritage

Introduction

The pristine nature of river Ganges: its qualitative deterioration and suggestive restoration strategies

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Simon, M., Joshi, H. (2022). Story of the Ganga River: Its Pollution and Rejuvenation. In: Mukherjee, A. (eds) Riverine Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87067-6_2

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Special Essay: The Ganga – Eternally pure?

March 5th, 2012

Prof. Ellen Wohl, Colorado State University, United States

The Ganges, or as it known in India, the Ganga, is a river of stories. Scholars have collected many tales about this river that springs from a dozen sources on the roof of the world. Each of the stories shares the theme that Ganga, daughter of the Himalaya, is persuaded to shed her purifying waters on the sinful Earth and thus bring salvation to humanity.

The Ganga is the great collector of Himalayan snows. The many sources of the Ganga flow south and east from melting glaciers in these highlands, collecting into the great trunk stream that flows due east before bending slightly southward into the Bay of Bengal. Little water comes from the dry lowlands across the western and southern portions of the Ganga drainage basin.

As the rivers of the Ganga basin leave the steep topography of the Himalaya and enter the hill country to the south, they flow through the first of many cities spread along their courses. Cities such as Kathmandu, Nepal, along the tributary Bishnumati River, release a variety of contaminants into the rivers, and water quality deteriorates rapidly downstream. Organic pollution comes from the tens of thousands of bodies cremated on the Ganga itself, as well as human and animal wastes. More dangerous and persistent chemical contaminants released by the hundreds of factories along the Ganga and its tributaries include mercury, highly toxic heavy metals such as lead and copper, and various synthetic chemicals. Crop lands leak pesticides and excess fertilizers into the rivers 1 .

A 2001 study of contaminants in tissue from humans, domestic animals, and wildlife throughout India found that compounds such as PCBs are ubiquitous 2 . These compounds persist in the environment and accumulate in the tissues of living creatures, reaching higher concentrations than those ingested by the organism. Many of the compounds disrupt reproduction and development, as well as being carcinogens.

Foreign visitors to India have long commented on the filth of the Ganga. Indians historically believed that the river was physically as well as spiritually pure and thus had no trouble bathing in and drinking water in which partially cremated corpses floated downstream. Nonetheless, 80 percent of the health problems in contemporary India come from waterborne diseases. No one in India spoke of the Ganga as polluted until the late 1970s, by which time large stretches of the river – over 600 kilometers – were effectively ecologically dead. National attitudes have now changed dramatically, and grassroots environmental concern about water pollution, as well as government attempts to control pollution, are growing.

The government launched the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) in 1985. GAP includes interception and diversion of sewage, construction of sewage treatment plants, and development of water quality standards and protective legislation. Some aspects of water quality – dissolved oxygen levels, phosphate and nitrate concentrations – have improved locally as a result of GAP, but other contaminants such as pesticides in agricultural runoff remain largely unchanged because they are not treated in wastewater plants. A 1994 study found that residues of the insecticide aldrin, for example, commonly exceeded the World Health Organization’s guidelines for drinking water 3 . As in much of the world, water quality standards in India are only as good as their enforcement, which has been uneven. Clean water is now a limiting resource across the Ganga drainage, despite the relatively wet climate of much of the region.

River pollution is in many ways difficult for people to grapple with. An activist cannot literally embrace a portion of a river the way that people protesting excessive tree cutting in India can hug a tree. Because a river integrates an entire drainage basin, the contaminants present at any point along the river represent everything entering the main channel upstream, as well as tributaries, surface runoff, and subsurface flow. Unless the contaminants produce a highly visible result such as a massive fish kill below an industrial point source, the effects of water pollution are usually subtle and slow-acting.

Other challenges to river ecological health are present across the Ganga drainage. Headwater glaciers that supply the majority of flow within the river network are retreating rapidly as a result of warming climate, threatening the dependable supply of water on which the ten percent of global population living in the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Indus River basins rely. Water engineering in the form of large hydroelectric dams in the Himalaya, and numerous diversions and water-storage dams in the middle and lower portions of the Ganga drainage, has caused massive side effects ranging from dislocation of human communities, through loss of resources such as fishery stocks, and increased hazards from flooding, to saltwater incursions and erosion of the Ganga delta. Excessive groundwater pumping for irrigated agriculture has caused surface subsidence and reduced stream flows. Efforts to improve the water quality of the Ganga must consider this complicated context.

The good news is that rivers are resilient and, in places where water quality has improved, at least some of the components of a healthy river ecosystem have returned. Several basic steps are necessary to improve water quality in the Ganga. First and foremost, people must be aware of the problem and sufficiently concerned to put forth the very real effort needed to reverse declines in water quality. Second, setting and enforcing legal standards for water quality that incorporate not only organic contaminants, but also synthetic chemicals, is critical. Such standards rely on systematic knowledge of existing water quality conditions and the political will to create and enforce regulations, and neither the resources for systematic water-quality monitoring nor the enforcement of regulations are likely to occur without public support. Third, patterns of resource use must be altered in ways that facilitate improvement of water quality. Examples include expanded construction of residential sewage systems and municipal wastewater treatment plants; treatment of industrial effluents; and restoration of wetlands and riparian vegetation that can trap and retain the silt and clay particles to which excess nutrients and other contaminants are commonly physically attached.

Even the sacred Ganga cannot withstand the onslaught of contemporary resource use and remain eternally pure. The recognition that people can, and must, make a difference in the quality of the region where they live has the potential not only to save the rivers of the Ganga drainage, but to empower the people living along the banks of these rivers and relying on river water for life itself.

References :

1. Wohl, E. (2011), A World of Rivers: Environmental Change on Ten of the World’s Great Rivers, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 2. Kumar, K.S., K. Kannan, O.N. Paramasivan, V.P.S. Sundaram, J. Nakanishi, and S. Makunasa (2001), Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in human tissues, meat, fish, and wildlife samples from India. Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, p. 3448-3455. 3. Agnihotri, N.P., V.T. Gajbhiye, M. Kumar, and S.P. Mohapatra (1994), Organochlorine insecticide residues in Ganges River water near Farrukhabad, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 30, p. 105-112.

Professor Ellen Wohl is a geologist at Colorado State University. She studies river form and process, including how human activities alter rivers. She has worked on rivers around the world for more than 20 years, and written several books about human effects on rivers, including “Virtual Rivers” (Yale University Press, 2001), “Disconnected Rivers” (Yale University Press, 2004), and “Of Rock and Rivers” (University of California Press, 2009). This article is adapted from the book ‘A World of Rivers: Environmental Change on Ten of the World’s Great Rivers’ (University of Chicago Press, 2011), which explores human-induced environmental changes on the Ganges and other major rivers in more detail.

The views expressed in this article belong to the individual authors and do not represent the views of the Global Water Forum, the UNESCO Chair in Water Economics and Transboundary Water Governance, UNESCO, the Australian National University, or any of the institutions to which the authors are associated. Please see the Global Water Forum terms and conditions here .

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Biography Of River Ganga (Essay Sample)

Biography of river ganga.

Rising from the western parts of the Himalayas in the Uttarakhand state of India, River Ganga, which is known as River Ganges stretches 1,569 miles (2,525 km) flowing through India, Nepal into Sundarbans delta in the Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh. Along the river, there are major cities such as Rampur, Raj Shahi, Kanpur, Haridwar among others. Among the Hindus, River Ganga is considered to be sacred where most religious rituals were and are being carried out. Sometime of the rituals that were and are still performed in this river are ritual bathing and spreading cremated ashes across her waters.

Among the Hindus, River Ganga is regarded as holy and they worship it as goddess Ganga.  Besides being regarded as a sacred river among the Hinduism community, River Ganga has its importance in the history of India since most of the ancient capitals such as Allahabad and Murshidabad are located along its Banks.

Several rivers such as Ghagra, Kosi, Gandaki and Son joins River Ganga forming a formidable current that stretches from its origin in Northern India and West Bangal in Bangladesh. As stated above, it passes through several towns such as Soron, Saidpur, Allahabad, Ghazipur and Bhagalpur. Passing through Bhagalpur, it meanders across Rajmahal Hills running south. River Ganga is the main drainage system of the basin where it runs supporting the highest human density in the world. It has been discovered that more than 50% of Indian population occupies one-third of the Himalayan Gangetic plains and depends on it for a living. Therefore, the fertile Ganges Basin is important to the India and Bangladesh’s agricultural economies. River Ganga and its tributaries are the major sources of irrigation across the region. The major crops that are cultivated across the basin include potatoes, rice, oil seeds, wheat, lentils and sugarcane. Another features along the river that boosts the agricultural sector are the swamps and lakes that supports the growing of crops such as chillies, jute, sesame and mustard. The river is also the major source of fish for the region even though it is highly polluted. The river also acts as a tourist attraction site for Hindu pilgrims at the towns of Haridwar, Varanasi and Allahabad. The pilgrims arrive at these towns to perform ritual bathing which they belief that it cleanses their sins in search for salvation. Additionally, the rapids acts as a river rafting area, which attracts thousands of tourists during the summer.

Numerous mythological beliefs surrounds the river with the most common ones being that a famous king, Bhagiratha, performed various rituals for several years to form the river in search for salvation for his cursed ancestors. It is believed that the Ganges descended from the Heavens to Earth. The Hinduism community believes that the river flows through Lord Shiva’s dreadlocks down to earth to make it pure and cleanse the sins of human beings. Another widely believed myth is that River Ganga was created when Vishnu (God) was crossing the universe and while he was taking the second step, his big toe cracked the walls of the universe and from that crack the waters of River Mandakini spilled out.

Among the Hinduism community, if one does not take a bath in River Ganga his/her life is considered to be incomplete. Therefore, for one’s life to be complete, one must take a bath in the river at least once in his/her life for it to be complete. Most of the Hindus fetch and store the sacred water from the river and use it during special events. They also belief that despite the water cleansing the sins of people, it also cleanses their body and mind and cures the ill ones. The river is significant in the history of India and to the Hinduism community it is not just a river but more of a culture, goddess and much more.

English Compositions

Short Essay on River [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

The river is a large water body we can see almost all parts of our country. Rivers have a very significant role to play in earth’s physical geography. In this session, I am going to discuss how to write short essays on rivers that you may find relevant for your exam.

Table of Contents

• Short Essay on River in 100 Words 
• Short Essay on River in 200 Words 
• Short Essay on River in 400 Words 

Short Essay on River in 100 Words

A river is a naturally flowing stream of water. Rivers usually rise from a mountain or large lake and flow towards an ocean, sea, or another river. Many rivers are seasonal and are fed by rainwater or snow water. Some rivers flow into the ground and dry up before reaching another water body. Rivers bring not just water but also silt, which gets deposited on the banks, making the soil fertile.

Rivers provide cheap transportation, an easy source of food, and fresh water for drinking, cleaning, and farming. Most of the ancient civilizations like those in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India, settled around rivers. Rivers are truly the cradle and the backbone of human civilization. 

Short Essay on River in 200 Words

A river is a naturally flowing stream of water that flows from high altitude to low altitude due to the force of gravity. Rivers usually rise from a mountain or large lake and flow towards an ocean, sea, or another river. They can be perennial rivers that flow throughout the year or seasonal rivers which carry either rainwater or snow water.

Some rivers flow into the ground and dry up before reaching another water body. Small rivers are often called streams, brooks, creeks, or rivulets. Many small rivers often join bigger rivers forming their tributaries. Bigger rivers then flow to even bigger water bodies. 

As rivers flow from highlands to lowlands, they don’t just bring water but also silt. This silt gets deposited on the river banks making the soil extremely fertile. Most of the ancient civilizations like those in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China and India, settled around rivers as rivers made farming possible.

Rivers also provide a cheap mode of transportation, nutritious food in the form of fish, and fresh water for drinking, cleaning, and other activities. In many places, rivers are used to generate electricity, drive machinery as well as dispose of sewage and waste. 

Rivers are truly the cradle and the backbone of human civilization. They have given us life for thousands of years. It is our duty now to keep them clean and save them. 

Short Essay on River in 400 Words

A river is a natural watercourse that flows from high altitude to low altitude due to the force of gravity. Rivers usually rise from a mountain or large lake and flow towards an ocean, sea, or another river. They can be perennial rivers that flow throughout the year or seasonal rivers which carry either rainwater or snow water.

As rivers flow from highlands to lowlands, they don’t just bring water but also silt. This silt gets deposited on the river banks making the soil extremely fertile. Most of the ancient civilizations like those in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India, settled around rivers as rivers made farming possible.

When a river enters a sea, ocean, or stagnant body of water, the sediment it brings usually forms a delta as the slow-moving water of the larger water body is unable to carry the sediment away. River deltas are very fertile as well and are good for growing a variety of crops. 

Rivers provide a cheap mode of transportation as not just people but also heavy goods can be easily transported from one place to another via boats and ships. We get nutritious food from rivers in the form of fish and fresh water for drinking, cleaning, and irrigation. Rivers can also support recreational activities like boating, swimming, river rafting, and sport fishing. In many places, rivers are used to generate electricity, drive machinery as well as dispose of sewage and waste. 

Rivers have always been recognised as life-givers and have been held sacred as well as worshipped in many cultures. In India, the river Ganges and Yamuna are considered goddesses while in Ancient Egypt, the River Nile was seen as a gift from the gods.

Rivers don’t just benefit humans but are also home to many species of insects, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, birds, and animals. Different types of small and large fishes, worms, snails, turtles, frogs, small birds, snakes, and otters as well as aquatic plants, bacteria, and algae from the ecosystems of rivers.

So, that’s all about writing essays on rivers. In this session, I have tried to keep the overall approach and the language as simple as possible for the students. I hope, you have found this session helpful as per your requirements. If you want me to cover any special topic, let me know through some quick comments. 

Also, join us on telegram to get the latest updates on our upcoming sessions. Thank you. See you again, soon.

Essay on Pollution of Ganga River

Students are often asked to write an essay on Pollution of Ganga River in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Pollution of Ganga River

Introduction.

The Ganga River, a lifeline for millions, is suffering from pollution. This sacred river, worshipped by many, is becoming a source of disease and distress.

Causes of Pollution

Effects of pollution.

The pollution affects both humans and aquatic life. It leads to waterborne diseases in people and threatens the survival of various species living in the river.

It’s crucial to control pollution in the Ganga River. By doing so, we can protect its sanctity and ensure the health and well-being of countless lives dependent on it.

250 Words Essay on Pollution of Ganga River

The significance of ganga river, the plight of pollution.

Despite its importance, the Ganga River is grappling with severe pollution. The primary pollutants are industrial effluents, untreated sewage, and religious offerings. Industries situated along the river indiscriminately discharge toxic effluents, while cities contribute by releasing untreated sewage. In addition, the ritualistic disposal of non-biodegradable materials during religious ceremonies exacerbates the problem.

Impact on Biodiversity and Human Health

The pollution of the Ganga River has led to a drastic decline in its biodiversity. Many aquatic species, including the Gangetic dolphin, are on the verge of extinction due to the deteriorating water quality. Moreover, the polluted water poses severe health risks to the human population relying on it for their daily needs.

Efforts Towards Revival

Recognizing the urgency, the Indian government launched the ‘Namami Gange Programme’ in 2015. The initiative aims at sewage treatment, river surface cleaning, afforestation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of these measures is yet to be ascertained.

In conclusion, the pollution of the Ganga River is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. It is crucial to enforce stringent regulations on industrial discharge and promote sustainable practices to preserve this sacred river for future generations.

500 Words Essay on Pollution of Ganga River

The Ganga River, revered as a goddess by the people of India, is an essential lifeline for millions. Despite its religious, cultural, and ecological significance, the river faces an immense pollution problem that threatens both human and environmental health.

The Extent of Pollution

The pollution of the Ganga River is a multifaceted issue. Industrial effluents, untreated sewage, agricultural runoff, and religious offerings such as flowers and idols all contribute to the river’s degradation. The river’s water quality is so poor in certain areas that it is unfit for human consumption or bathing.

Impact on Human Health and Biodiversity

The pollution of the Ganga River has severe implications for human health. The river water, used for drinking, bathing, and cooking, is a source of numerous waterborne diseases. Furthermore, the pollution affects the river’s biodiversity. The Ganga is home to a variety of aquatic life, including the endangered Ganges river dolphin and the Gharial. The degradation of their habitat due to pollution is a significant threat to these species.

Industrial and Agricultural Pollution

Industries along the Ganga River discharge a large amount of untreated effluents directly into the river. These effluents contain harmful chemicals like heavy metals, which can cause various health issues. Similarly, agricultural runoff, laden with fertilizers and pesticides, seeps into the river, contributing to its pollution.

Sewage and Religious Offerings

A significant amount of untreated sewage flows into the Ganga River daily, increasing the levels of harmful bacteria and other pathogens. In addition, countless religious offerings like flowers, clothes, and idols made of non-biodegradable materials are immersed in the river, adding to the contamination.

Government Initiatives

Way forward.

The solution to the pollution of the Ganga River lies in a multi-pronged approach. Stronger enforcement of environmental regulations, public awareness campaigns, and the use of advanced technologies for waste treatment are essential. Furthermore, promoting sustainable agricultural practices can reduce the amount of harmful runoff entering the river.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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